Uncertainty assessment approach for composite structures based on global sensitivity indices

The problem of uncertainty propagation in composite laminate structures is studied. An approach based on the optimal design of composite structures to achieve a target reliability level is proposed. Using the Uniform Design Method (UDM), a set of design points is generated over a design domain centred at mean values of random variables, aimed at studying the space variability. The most critical Tsai number, the structural reliability index and the sensitivities are obtained for each UDM design point, using the maximum load obtained from optimal design search. Using the UDM design points as input/output patterns, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is developed based on supervised evolutionary learning. Finally, using the developed ANN a Monte Carlo simulation procedure is implemented and the variability of the structural response based on global sensitivity analysis (GSA) is studied. The GSA is based on the first order Sobol indices and relative sensitivities. An appropriate GSA algorithm aiming to obtain Sobol indices is proposed. The most important sources of uncertainty are identified.

Uncertainty propagation in inverse reliability-based design of composite structures

An approach for the analysis of uncertainty propagation in reliability-based design optimization of composite laminate structures is presented. Using the Uniform Design Method (UDM), a set of design points is generated over a domain centered on the mean reference values of the random variables. A methodology based on inverse optimal design of composite structures to achieve a specified reliability level is proposed, and the corresponding maximum load is outlined as a function of ply angle. Using the generated UDM design points as input/output patterns, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is developed based on an evolutionary learning process. Then, a Monte Carlo simulation using ANN development is performed to simulate the behavior of the critical Tsai number, structural reliability index, and their relative sensitivities as a function of the ply angle of laminates. The results are generated for uniformly distributed random variables on a domain centered on mean values. The statistical analysis of the results enables the study of the variability of the reliability index and its sensitivity relative to the ply angle. Numerical examples showing the utility of the approach for robust design of angle-ply laminates are presented.

Rede sem fios de microcontroladores com acesso remoto aplicada à domótica

Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores

Geração de código VHDL a partir de especificações IOPT PNML2VHDL

Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para obtenção de grau de Mestre em Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores

Real time mobile system for support in firefighting environments

Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores

Configurador de sistemas distribuídos de controlo especificados através de redes de Petri IOPT

O objetivo principal deste trabalho é desenvolver um protótipo de ferramenta que permita a geração de ficheiros de configuração de sistemas distribuídos de controlo em plataformas específicas permitindo a integração de um conjunto de componentes previamente definidos. Cada componente é caracterizado como um módulo, identificando-se o conjunto de sinais e eventos de entrada e saída, bem como o seu comportamento, normalmente especificado através de um modelo em redes de Petri IOPT – RdP-IOPT (Input-Output Place-Transitions). O formato PNML (Petri Net Markup Language) será utilizado para a representação de cada componente. Os componentes referidos poderão ser obtidos através de vários métodos, nomeadamente através de ferramentas em desenvolvimento, que se encontram disponíveis em http://gres.uninova.pt/IOPT-Tools/ e também através da sua edição no editor de IOPT, como resultado da partição de um modelo expresso em IOPT, utilizando o editor Snoopy-IOPT em conjugação com a ferramenta SPLIT. Serão considerados várias formas para interligação dos componentes, incluindo-se ligações diretas e wrappers assíncronos num contexto de sistemas Globalmente Assíncronos Localmente Síncronos - GALS bem como diferentes tipos de barramentos e ligações série, incluindo Network-On-Chip específicos. A descrição da interligação entre componentes é gerada automaticamente pela ferramenta desenvolvida, tendo em conta resultados de dissertações de mestrado anteriores. As plataformas especificas de suporte à implementação incluem FPGA’s da serie Xilinx Spartan3,3E e Xilinx Virtex, e várias placas de desenvolvimento.

Wave4IOPT - editor e visualizador web de formas de onda – aplicação a controladores digitais especificados com modelos de Redes de Petri IOPT

Este trabalho tem o objectivo de criar um Editor e Visualizador Web de Formas de Onda para controladores digitais especificados com modelos Redes de Petri Input-Output Place-Transition (IOPT). Após uma análise das ferramentas existentes e constatando-se a inexistência de uma ferramenta adequada a essa função, desenvolveu-se uma ferramenta denominada Wave4IOPT, que permite a visualização das formas de onda de sinais e eventos de entrada e de saída ao longo do tempo. A ferramenta permite também a visualização dos resultados do histórico de uma simulação de uma Rede de Petri IOPT, proveniente do Simulador das IOPT-Tools. Esta ferramenta incorpora funcionalidades de edição, modos de visualização e um módulo básico de identificação e correcção de erros dos valores das formas de onda. O Wave4IOPT está disponível a partir de um browser e prevê-se que venha a estar integrado no ambiente de ferramentas IOPT-Tools. Esta ferramenta foi construída utilizando tecnologias Web como HTML, JavaScript, CSS, SVG e JSON. Adicionalmente, o Wave4IOPT poderá também servir para a edição, visualização e análise de outros tipos de sinais digitais, desde que sejam preenchidos os requisitos da estrutura do ficheiro JSON que será lido pela ferramenta.

Metaphorisms in programming

This paper introduces the metaphorism pattern of relational specification and addresses how specification following this pattern can be refined into recursive programs. Metaphorisms express input-output relationships which preserve relevant information while at the same time some intended optimization takes place. Text processing, sorting, representation changers, etc., are examples of metaphorisms. The kind of metaphorism refinement proposed in this paper is a strategy known as change of virtual data structure. It gives sufficient conditions for such implementations to be calculated using relation algebra and illustrates the strategy with the derivation of quicksort as example.

Theory and application of nonlinear wave propagation phenomena in combined reaction/separation processes

Reaction separation processes, reactive distillation, chromatographic reactor, equilibrium theory, nonlinear waves, process control, observer design, asymptoticaly exact input/output-linearization

The missing link in key sectors analysis

In general terms key sectors analysis aims at identifying the role, or impact, that the existence of a productive sector has in the economy. Quite a few measures, indicators and methodologies of varied complexity have been proposed in the literature, from multiplier sums to extraction methods, but not without debate about their properties and their information content. All of them, to our knowledge, focus exclusively on the interdependence effects that result from the input-output structure of the economy. By so doing the simple input-output approach misses critical links beyond the interindustry ones. A productive sector’s role is that of producing but also that of generating and distributing income among primary factors as a result of production. Thus when measuring a sector’s role, the income generating process cannot and should not be omitted if we want to better elucidate the sector’ economic role. A simple way to make the missing income link explicit is to use the SAM (Soci

Nota metodológica sobre la determinación de sectores "clave" en el consumo de energía final: una primera aproximación al caso español

En este artículo analizamos la determinación de sectores "clave" en el consumo de energía final. Enfocamos esta cuestión desde una perspectiva input-output, diseñando una metodología basada en las elasticidades de la demanda del consumo de energía final. A modo de ejercicio, aplicamos la metodología a la economía española. El análisis permite señalar la mayor o menor relevancia de los distintos sectores en el consumo energético final, indicando qué sectores merecen mayor atención en el caso español y apuntando las implicaciones para la política energética.

Methodological note about the determination of key sectors in final energy consumption: a preliminary approach to the Spanish case

In this paper we analyze the determination of "key" sectors in the final energy consumption. We approach this issue from an input-output perspective and we design a methodology based on the elasticities of the demands of final energy consumption. As an exercise, we apply the proposed methodology to the Spanish economy. The analysis allows us to indicate the greater or lesser relevance of the different sectors in the consumption of final energy, pointing out which sectors deserve greater attention in the Spanish case and showing the implications for energy policy.

An analysis of strategic paths through the decomposition of total factor productivity: the case of Spanish savings banks

The Spanish savings banks attracted quite a considerable amount of interest within the scientific arena, especially subsequent to the disappearance of the regulatory constraints during the second decade of the 1980s. Nonetheless, a lack of research identified with respect to mainstream paths given by strategic groups, and the analysis of the total factor productivity. Therefore, on the basis of the resource-based view of the firm and cluster analysis, we make use of changes in structure and performance ratios in order to identify the strategic groups extant in the sector. We attain a threeways division, which we link with different input-output specifications defining strategic paths. Consequently, on the basis of these three dissimilar approaches we compute and decompose a Hicks-Moorsteen total factor productivity index. Obtained results put forward an interesting interpretation under a multi-strategic approach, together with the setbacks of employing cluster analysis within a complex strategic environment. Moreover, we also propose an ex-post method of analysing the outcomes of the decomposed total factor productivity index that could be merged with non-traditional techniques of forming strategic groups, such as cognitive approaches.

The Importance of Revenue Sharing for the Local Economic Impacts of a Renewable Energy Project: A Social Accounting Matrix Approach

As demand for electricity from renewable energy sources grows, there is increasing interest, and public and financial support, for local communities to become involved in the development of renewable energy projects. In the UK, “Community Benefit” payments are the most common financial link between renewable energy projects and local communities. These are “goodwill” payments from the project developer for the community to spend as it wishes. However, if an ownership stake in the renewable energy project were possible, receipts to the local community would potentially be considerably higher. The local economic impacts of these receipts are difficult to quantify using traditional Input-Output techniques, but can be more appropriately handled within a Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) framework where income flows between agents can be traced in detail. We use a SAM for the Shetland Islands to evaluate the potential local economic and employment impact of a large onshore wind energy project proposed for the Islands. Sensitivity analysis is used to show how the local impact varies with: the level of Community Benefit payments; the portion of intermediate inputs being sourced from within the local economy; and the level of any local community ownership of the project. By a substantial margin, local ownership confers the greatest economic impacts for the local community.

Constructing a Social Accounting Matrix for Libya

In this paper a Social Accounting Matrix is constructed for Libya for the year 2000. The procedure was divided into three steps. First, a macro SAM was constructed to consistently capture and represent the macroeconomic framework of the Libyan economy in 2000. Second, that macro SAM was disaggregated into a micro SAM incorporating the accounts for individual activities, primary factors and the main economic institutions. But the SAM obtained in this way was not balanced. So in thE final step we balanced the SAM using a cross-entropy procedure in General Algebraic Modelling System (GAMS). This SAM integrates national income, inputoutput, flow-of-funds, and foreign trade statistics into a comprehensive and consistent dataset. The lack of coherent time series data for Libya is a serious obstacle for applied research that uses econometric analysis. Our main intension in constructing this SAM has been one of providing benchmark data for economy-wide analysis using CGE modelling for Libya.