Tratamento de modificação de eutético da liga AA356

Alloy Al-7%Si-0,3Mg (AA356), having an excellent combination of properties such as low solidification shrinkage and good fluidity, good weldability, high wear resistance, high strength to weight particularly in the automotive and aerospace engineering. The refinement of the structure aluminum silicon eutectic alloy is a fairly common practice in the casting, through the treatment knows as modification. You can get the modification for the addition of chemicals and rare earths, these have the ability to modify the structure of the eutectic, but only sodium and strontium produce a strong action modifier when used in low concentrations. The modifying effect of silicon grain turns into a fibrous form branched and enveloped by the metal matrix in the form of a composite structure that has the highest limit of tensile strength, ductility and machinability. This work will be obtained AA356 alloy ingots using two different types of molds: metal mold and sand mold. Macrographs will be made in ingots obtained for observation of the macrostructures obtained in both types of ingots. Will be sampled at strategic locations of the ingots to correlate microstructure and cooling rate. The results showed that the material of the ingot has a strong influence on the resulting micro-andmacrostructure

Relação solo-paisagem em um transecto da depressão periférica e do planalto ocidental, região de Rio Claro (SP)

As unidades de paisagens naturais se diferenciam pelo relevo, clima, cobertura vegetal, solos ou até mesmo pelo arranjo estrutural e do tipo de litologia. A caracterização pedológica e o entendimento das relações entre pedologia, geologia e geomorfologia são importantes para a compreensão da distribuição dos solos numa paisagem. Considerando esta como sendo uma combinação dinâmica e instável de elementos físicos, biológicos e antrópicos, e estando em constante evolução, realizou-se o estudo das características químicas, físicas, mineralógicas e morfológicas das coberturas superficiais de uma mesma Unidade Fisiográfica na região do Planalto Ocidental e da Depressão Periférica Paulista nas proximidades de Rio Claro – SP, para a compreensão de suas relações genéticas e cronológicas na evolução das paisagens da área. Para isso foram comparados os solos de dois transectos dentro dos compartimentos, levantando e analisando as características citadas para que se possa obter informações que permitiram o diagnóstico da evolução da área, visando contribuir para o avanço das coberturas superficiais e sua relação com a evolução da paisagem. Foi possível compreender determinados processos e produtos que deram origem às coberturas superficiais e consequentemente a algumas paisagens representativas da Quadrícula de São Carlos a partir dos métodos empregados. O estudo das coberturas de alteração intempérica da região centro-oeste paulista, e seu reconhecimento, são fundamentais para o ordenamento territorial e seu planejamento regional

Estudo do efeito do modificador Al-Sr no tratamento de modificação do eutético da liga AA356

The AA356 alloy is an alloy widely used in the automotive industry and aerospace due to its excellent mechanical properties. Refining the structure of eutectic silicon aluminum alloys is a fairly common practice in the foundry through treatment known as modification. This can be achieved by modifying agent adding chemicals such as contained in groups I and IIa of the periodic table and rare earths (europium, céreioi, praseodymium, neodymium, etc.). Has the ability to modify the structure of the eutectic, but only sodium and strontium produce an action modifier strong when used in low concentrations. The modifying effect of the shafts turn silicon into a fibrous form and branched surrounded by metallic matrix in the form of a composite structure that has the highest limit of tensile strength, ductility and machinability. In this work will be obtained ingots with and without the modifier type Al-10% Sr, made in sand molds and are generated and analyzed cooling curves and also the study of the macrostructure and microstructure of the solidified material. It was found that by adding the Al-Sr made shorten the solidification time and lower the grain size

Valoração de terras a partir de dados geoambientais: um projeto piloto em Cristais Paulista - SP

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Paradigma e metodologias da questão agrária: uma análise das ocupações de terras no Brasil com ênfase para o Pontal do Paranapanema-SP

A questão agrária é da essência do modo capitalista de produção. A existência ou não do campesinato nesse modo de produção é justamente o cerne da discussão. A questão agrária pode ser interpretada de diferentes formas, por meio de correntes teóricas ou até mesmo paradigmas, como o caso do Paradigma da questão Agrária e o Paradigma do Capitalismo Agrário. Neste trabalho procuro defender a ideia de que a questão agrária é um problema estrutural do capitalismo, atualizada conjunturalmente por diferentes elementos, sejam eles de cunho social, político ou econômico. Um destes elementos, destacado nesta pesquisa, é justamente a luta pela terra em escala nacional e regional. A criação e recriação do campesinato no Brasil tem se dado, principalmente, a partir da luta pela terra, materializada em ocupações, acampamentos e, conseqüente, criação de assentamentos rurais. Em escala nacional, discuto a diminuição das ocupações de terra e de novos acampamentos nos últimos anos, com o intuito de compreender as possíveis causas. Já, em escala regional, no Pontal do Paranapanema-SP, algumas mudanças no que diz respeito à mobilização das famílias semterra e a esporacidade da vida nos acampamentos são apresentadas a fim de colaborar com a discussão sobre a dinâmica, contemporaneidade e perspectiva da luta pela terra

Proliferação e Morte Celular (Apoptose) avaliadas em ratos Lewis após tratamento com mistura de praguicidas em baixas doses

The use of pesticides in Brazil has intensified over the years. And since 2009 it was ranked as the largest market for pesticides worldwide. The consequential diffuse contamination of the environment is therefore due to the increasing number of chemicals of different classes, origins and modes of action. Little is known about the action of pesticides on human health in situations of co-exposure. Possible toxic effects are not restricted to agricultural and industrial workers, but also the general population that may be exposed continuously to its residues in food and water. Although these pesticides are mostly present in the environment at low doses, it must be considered that possible cumulative or synergistic effects may occur when there are concurrent or sustained exposure for two or more of these agents, which can lead to late manifestation of subclinical damages, sometimes irreversible. Thus, the specific objective of this study was to assess the effect of carcinogenesis promotion of a mixture of pesticides at low doses and analyze the phenomena of cell proliferation and apoptosis in rat liver. A total of 50 male Lewis rats was separated into 5 groups for 8 weeks in a medium term hepatocarcinogenesis model. The three different classes of pesticides (dieldrin, dicofol, endosulfan, dichlorvos and permethrin), whose residues were detected by ANVISA during the period from 2001 to 2005 in tomatoes cultures, were added to the feed of rats initiated to hepatocarcinogenesis with diethylnitrosamine (DEN- 200mg/kg ip). We used two different mixtures, one with no toxic effects at doses (MEX1) referring to the NOEL (no-observed-effect level) and another at doses LOEL / LEL / LOAEL (Lowest-observed-effect level / Lowest-effect level / Lowest -observed-adverse-effect level), to the installation of adverse effects (MEX2), derived from chronic studies. All animals ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Remoção de N-amoniacal em baixas concentrações de oxigênio dissolvido a partir do efluente de frigorífico bovino

This work aimed to develop a biological system for removal of ammonia nitrogen operating at low concentrations of dissolved oxygen. Thus, a biological upflow vertical reactor was built, in which the affluent pass through the support media until the top. Sludge from an anaerobic stabilization pond of a slaughterhouse unit in the city of Presidente Prudente - SP was used as inoculum. Initially the system operated in batch and afterwards in a continuous flow with different HRT. For feeding the reactor, an initial phases was adopted a synthetic culture media, described by Martins (2007), in order to establish the ideal conditions for the development of Anammox bacteria and subsequently, submitted to the system a slugde effluent of slaughterhouse. The results showed significant removal efficiency of N-NH4+, especially in the phase without recirculation of culture media, with an average of 71% removal, with the proportion of removal of N-NH4 +:N-NO2- average 1: 1,69. For the period of operation with effluent from the slaughterhouse, were not obtained satisfactory results, without confirmation of the proliferation of Anammox bacteria in the system, due to the high presences of organic matter in the same confirmed by high concentrations of COD

Território migratório - contigüidade socioterritorial de terras distintas: os Dekasseguis e a busca pela reterritorialização

This paper analyzes the new trends of Brazilian migration to Japan, more specifically in the process of redefining its territoriality on the political and administrative Japanese territory. This migration, known as Dekassegui movement, is based on the flow of Brazilians of Japanese descent in this country. The working part of a periodization of the movement, considering the political and economic situations of countries and account for aspects of the difficult adjustment of the pioneers, the change the temporal expectation of return and search for repossession of these immigrants in their most recent time frame After more than 27 years of migration is still common difficulties in the integrating the Brazilian front of Japanese society, and it is in this context, however, that migration projects take new directions, new meanings are created networks, strengthens relationships, change and so plans to build a new interaction with the territory. To understand this process, we consider as a theoretical analysis and territorial consolidation of field research in Japan, through questionnaires, to identify the processes of social integration of immigrants

Morfogênese e morfodinâmica: a evidência geográfica da síntese temporal ocidental

This work seeks to explain the historical perspective of the building temporal western, showing the concepts of morphogenesis and morphodynamics as contemporary representations of geographical science for the synthesis forged about time. In this sense, it is the perspective of time in the Middle Ages, its implications and social substantiality, as interposed to time erected by the rise of a merchant class in Europe, we seek to present the social conception of this category in the West, stating that this not constituted as a supra-social element, but built by the organization itself and internal contradiction of European society. Finally, we saw the delineations drawn by geography, set in propositions about the dynamics of nature and society, such being the latest concepts in terms of the logic of assimilation weather prevailing. For this, we use literature review and comparison of temporal models at different times for the delineation of the contours of the research... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Efeito das baixas concentrações de agentes antineoplásicos sobre linfócitos humanos de sangue periférico

Our previous studies have shown that low concentrations (noncytotoxics) of antineoplastic agents modulate positively the dendritic cells, favoring their in vitro maturation and improving their antigen presenting function. The effects on colorectal cancer cells (HCT-116) were also investigated and we have observed an increased immunogenicity and susceptibility to cytotoxic T cells. Thereby, this study aimed to investigate the effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) an azacitidine (AZA), in minimum effective and noncytotoxic concentrations on lymphocytes of healthy donors. In this study we have analyzed the cytotoxic effect of drugs at these concentrations as well as the proliferative ability of lymphocytes. In vitro production of IL-10 and IFN-γ has been also evaluated. We have observed that low concentrations of those chemotherapeutic agents are not cytotoxic for lymphocytes. However, the minimum effective concentrations (5-FU: 0,410±0,088 e AZA: 0,757±0,233; p<0, 05) have reduced the cell number. Proliferative activity of allogeneic lymphocytes in a mixed reaction (MLR) was not affected by the treatment. The cytokine production was not affected by the treatments, either. In conclusion, low concentrations of 5-FU and AZA has no deleterious effects on human peripheral blood lymphocytes and seems to be safe for combinatory administration with DC vaccines

A pesca na Amazônia ocidental: tratamento terminológico dos termos fundamentais

Fishing is a very important activity in terms of economic and social development throughout the Amazon region. Text reading this topic revealed the presence of a terminology not yet systematized and record little research and scientific publications on the terminology of this activity. This article aims at analyzing the key terms of fishing. At first, we present a brief history of this activity in Western Amazonia, particularly in Rondônia. The theoretical support was guided by Cabré (1999), with her Communicative Theory of Terminology, Aubert (1996), Barbosa (2002), Barros (2004), Biderman (2006), Babini (2006) and linguists as Baldinger (1966) and Pottier (1974) that reveal the details of linguistic analysis terminology. The creation of an electronic corpus, from texts of technical and documental discourse, theses and websites, composed the first stage of our work. Afterwards, collect the terms and fill the terminological records in our database. The terms were organized into a conceptual system with three notional fields: riverside community, type of fishing, gillnet fishing. Early results show that the set of terms collected is characterized by the strong presence of simple and complex terms, and less compound terms.

Fungos derivados da Antártica: biodiversidade e produção de enzimas lignocelulóticas a baixas e médias temperaturas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Interação silício e alumínio em plantas de arroz de terras altas e mamona

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Agricultura) - FCA

Análise morfotectônica do Planalto Ocidental Paulista, ao sul do Rio Tietê: indicadores de deformações neotectônicas na fisiografia da paisagem

Pós-graduação em Geologia Regional - IGCE

O Mercado de terras urbanas e seu papel na produção e transformação do espaço intraurbano em cidades médias: os Casos de Ribeirão Preto/SP e São Carlos/SP

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)