Aplicação de sensoriamento remoto orbital no mapeamento de unidades vulcano-sedimentar no Platô da Ramada, Vila Nova do Sul, RS

Os produtos de sensoriamento remoto gerados pelos novos sensores orbitais, aliados ao desenvolvimento de sistemas computacionais e de técnicas de processamento de imagens possibilitam a manipulação numérica das imagens, visando o realce de informações de interesse para a interpretação visual ou automática. O uso dessas técnicas traz boas perspectivas no mapeamento geológico básico, pois possibilita uma visão sinóptica de amplas áreas e a integração de dados litológicos e estruturais de várias fontes. Este trabalho selecionou as imagens do sensor ASTER (Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer) devido as características de suas resoluções espectral e espacial, como as mais promissoras para identificação dos diferentes litotipos da área do Platô da Ramada, em especial as unidades vulcânicas e hipabissais relacionadas e sedimentares subjacentes. O Platô da Ramada, região de Vila Nova do Sul (RS) constitui uma feição geomorfológica de destaque na área, facilmente identificável nas imagens orbitais, sendo formado por uma seqüência vulcânica caracterizada por depósitos efusivos e piroclásticos, de composição dominantemente ácida. Representa uma fração significativa do magmatismo alcalino sódico neoproterozóico no Escudo Sul-rio-grandense e marca um dos ciclos vulcânicos do período pós-colisional do Ciclo Brasiliano Este estudo testou e avaliou diversos processamentos das imagens multiespectrais para diferenciação litológica, a identificação de alvos e a definição de morfoestruturas da área do Platô da Ramada. A integração de dados geológicos existentes com os produtos obtidos neste estudo possibilitou novas informações anexadas ao mapa geológico utilizado como verdade terrestre. O processamento utilizando a técnica de Transformação por Componentes Principais Seletivas proporcionou os melhores resultados realçando diferenças espectrais existentes entre as rochas vulcânicas e hipabissais e as rochas sedimentares. A partir dessa técnica, selecionou-se as imagens CP2 dos pares das bandas 4-5 (R), 3-4 (G) e 8-9 (B) na geração de uma composição colorida. Esta imagem permitiu a diferenciação espectral entre as rochas vulcânicas do Platô da Ramada e as rochas sedimentares do Grupo Maricá, bem como a individualização, no Grupo Maricá, de duas subunidades, levando-se em conta a densidade de intrusões de diques riolíticos ao norte da área. Identificou-se, ainda, um corpo diorítico com forma elíptica na borda SW do Platô da Ramada, não registrado anteriormente.

Metodologia de utilização de dados de sensoriamento remoto em zonas costeiras sob influência da indústria petrolífera

Oil spills in marine environments represent immediate environmental impacts of large magnitude. For that reason the Environmental Sensitivity to Oil Maps constitute a major instrument for planning actions of containment and cleanup. For both the Environmental Sensitivity Maps always need to be updated, to have an appropriate scale and to represent accurately the coastal areas. In this context, this thesis presents a methodology for collecting and processing remote sensing data for the purpose of updating the territorial basis of thematic maps of Environmental Sensitivity to Oil. To ensure greater applicability of the methodology, sensors with complementary characteristics, which provide their data at a low financial cost, were selected and tested. To test the methodology, an area located on the northern coast of the Northeast of Brazil was chosen. The results showed that the products of ASTER data and image hybrid sensor PALSAR + CCD and HRC + CCD, have a great potential to be used as a source of cartographic information on projects that seek to update the Environmental Sensitivity Maps of Oil

Number Processing and Calculation in Brazilian Children Aged 7-12 Years

Numerical cognition is based on two components - number processing and calculation. Its development is influenced by biological, cognitive, educational, and cultural factors. The objectives of the present study were to: i) assess number processing and calculation in Brazilian children aged 7-12 years from public schools using the Zareki-R (Battery of neuropsychological tests for number processing and calculation in children, Revised; von Aster & Dellatolas, 2006) in order to obtain normative data for Portuguese speakers; ii) identify how environment, age, and gender influences the development of these mathematical skills; iii) investigate the construct validity of the Zareki-R by the contrast with the Arithmetic subtest of WISC-III. The sample included 172 children, both genders, divided in two groups: urban (N= 119) and rural (N= 53) assessed by the Zareki-R. Rural children presented lower scores in one aspect of number processing; children aged 7-8 years demonstrated an inferior global score than older; boys presented a superior performance in both number processing and calculation. Construct validity of Zareki-R was demonstrated by high to moderate correlations with Arithmetic subtest of WISC-III. The Zareki-R therefore is a suitable instrument to assess the development of mathematical skills, which is influenced by factors such as environment, age, and gender.

Stability regions around the components of the triple system 2001 SN263

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Paleocanais no megaleque do rio Taquari: mapeamento e signifcado geomorfológico

This paper presents the results of the frst systematic mapping of the paleochannel network on the Taquari megafan (Pantanal, Brazil). We used remote sensing data collected by the ASTER sensor, which captures images with 15 m square pixels. A total of 34 scenes, acquired from 2001-2006, were used in the analysis. These data were processed using a decorrelation stretch technique in order to obtain a better visual identifcation of the paleochannels. The mapping procedure began with the overlay of a 1:50.000 IBGE articulation, in order to systematize the extraction of features and to reduce the subjectivity inherent to visual analysis methods. We mapped a total of 33,205 km of paleochannels. The density of these features is related to the relative ages of distinct geomorphological compartments, known as depositional lobes. The mapped features preserve avulsion events that occurred on the megafan. The results suggest that low-magnitude avulsions occur more frequently than larger events.

Prescrição e decadência nas relações obrigacionais privadas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Mudanças morfológicas na evolução do megaleque do Taquari: uma análise com base em dados orbitais

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Reconstrução paleogeográfica da área da bacia do rio Jequitaí - MG

Os solos, assim como as rochas, materiais inconsolidados e regolíticos, apresentam propriedades e características específicas, relativas a seus ambientes de formação. A partir de então o solo torna-se uma fonte de informação de toda a história evolutiva de uma região em seus mais variados parâmetros. Uma das formas de entender essa evolução dinâmica da paisagem é gerando um modelo de paleosuperfícies a partir da interpolação de confluências de drenagem. O trabalho objetivou reconstruir a paleogeografia da área inserida na bacia do Rio Jequitaí, a partir do Método de Isobases Confluentes, procurando analisar e identificar a evolução dos solos. A área está localizada na região centro-norte de Minas Gerais, sendo o Rio Jequitaí um afluente do Alto Rio São Francisco. O trabalho consistiu, na primeira etapa, em levantamento biblio/cartográfico da área em estudo. Durante esse levantamento, além de detectar as características físicas, bióticas e sócio-econômicas de modo a completar, reorganizar e adequar as informações da área, foi levantado um banco de dados base para a geração das Isobases, o qual foi constituído por modelos digitais de elevação (DEM) do programa ASTER e de dados vetoriais da principal rede de drenagem da bacia do Jequitaí. Na segunda etapa, as paleosuperfícies foram geradas usando aplicativos do programa ArcGis da ESRI. O produto final são as proto-superfícies para cada ordem de confluência. Assim no término do trabalho tem-se uma reconstrução da paleopaisagem correspondente, bem como das pro-estruturas equivalentes às condições de equilíbrio dinâmico daquele momento. A partir dos resultados obtidos foi possível concluir que a metodologia das Isobases Confluentes permite correlacionar os dados palinológicos, geocronológicos e geomorfológicos obtidos durante o estudo, para a reconstrução dos ambientes... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Validity and behaviour of tropospheric gradients estimated by GPS in Corsica

Estimation of tropospheric gradients in GNSS data processing is a well-known technique to improve positioning (e.g. Bar-Sever et al., 1998; Chen and Herring, 1997). More recently, several authors also focused on the estimation of such parameters for meteorological studies and demonstrated their potential benefits (e.g. Champollion et al., 2004). Today, they are routinely estimated by several global and regional GNSS analysis centres but they are still not yet used for operational meteorology.This paper discusses the physical meaning of tropospheric gradients estimated from GPS observations recorded in 2011 by 13 permanent stations located in Corsica Island (a French Island in the western part of Italy). Corsica Island is a particularly interesting location for such study as it presents a significant environmental contrast between the continent and the sea, as well as a steep topography.Therefore, we estimated Zenith Total Delay (ZTD) and tropospheric gradients using two software: GAMIT/GLOBK (GAMIT version 10.5) and GIPSY-OASIS II version 6.1. Our results are then compared to radiosonde observations and to the IGS final troposphere products. For all stations we found a good agreement between the ZWD estimated by the two software (the mean of the ZWD differences is 1 mm with a standard deviation of 6 mm) but the tropospheric gradients are in less good agreement (the mean of the gradient differences is 0.1 mm with a standard deviation of 0.7 mm), despite the differences in the processing strategy (double-differences for GAMIT/GLOBK versus zero-difference for GIPSY-OASIS).We also observe that gradient amplitudes are correlated with the seasonal behaviour of the humidity. Like ZWD estimates, they are larger in summer than in winter. Their directions are stable over the time but not correlated with the IWV anomaly observed by ERA-Interim. Tropospheric gradients observed at many sites always point to inland throughout the year. These preferred directions are almost opposite to the largest slope of the local topography as derived from the world Digital Elevation Model ASTER GDEM v2. These first results give a physical meaning to gradients but the origin of such directions need further investigations.

Stable retrograde orbits around the triple system 2001 SN263

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Caracterização geomorfológica do sistema deposicional do Rio Miranda (borda sul do Pantanal mato-grossense, MS) com base em dados orbitais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Marino Del Favero, escultor e entalhador (1864-1943)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Development of numerical cognition among Brazilian school-aged children

The Numerical Cognition is influenced by biological, cognitive, educational, and cultural factors and entails the following systems: Number Sense (NS) represents the innate ability to recognize, compare, add, and subtract small quantities, without the need of counting; Number Production (NP) which includes reading, writing and counting numbers or objects; Number Comprehension (NC), i.e., the understanding the nature of the numerical symbols and their number, and the calculation (CA). The aims of the present study were to: i) assess theoretical constructs (NS, NC, NP and CA) in children from public schools from 1 st -to 6 th - grades; and ii) investigate their relationship with schooling and working memory. The sample included 162 children, both genders, of 7-to 12-years-old that studied in public school from 1 st -to 6 th -grades, which participated in the normative study of Zareki-R (Battery of neuropsychological tests for number processing and calculation in children, Revised; von Aster & Dellatolas, 2006). Children of 1 st and 2 nd grades demonstrated an inferior global score in NC, NP and CA. There were no genderrelated differences. The results indicated that the contribution of NS domain in Zareki-R performance is low in comparison to the other three domains, which are dependent on school-related arithmetic skills.

Cognição Numérica de crianças pré-escolares brasileiras pela ZAREKI-K

The Numerical Cognition is infl uenced by biological, cognitive, educational and cultural factors. It consists of a primary system, called Number Sense that would be innate and universal, also of secondary systems: the Calculation, implied to perform mathematical operations by means of symbols or words and Number Processing, which is divided into two components, Number Comprehension, related with the understanding of numerical symbols and Number Production, which includes reading, writing and coun-ting numbers. However, studies that show the development of these functions in children of preschool age are scarce. Therefore, aims of this study were to investigate numerical cognition in preschool Brazilian children to demonstrate the construct validity of the ZAREKI-K (A Neuropsychological Battery for the Assessment of Treatment of Numbers and Calculation for preschool children). The participants were 42 children of both genders, who attended public elementary schools; the children were evaluated by this battery and WISC-III. The results indicated signifi cant differences associated with age which children of 6 years had better scores on subtests related to Number Production, Calculation and Number Comprehension, as well moderate and high correlations between some subtests of both instruments, demonstrating the construct validity of the battery. In conclusion, preliminary normative data were obtained for ZAREKI-K. The analyses suggested that it is a promising tool for the assessment of numerical cognition in preschool children.Keywords: Mathematics, number, preschoolers, working memory, Developmental Dyscalculia.

Regiões de estabilidade no ambiente de um sistema de asteroide triplo

This work was developed from the study by Araujo, R.A.N. et al. Stability regions around the components of the triple system 2001 SN263. (Monthly Notices Of The Royal Astronomical Society, 2012, v. 423(4), 3058-3073 p.) where it was studied the stable and unstable regions system (2001 SN263), which is a triple asteroid system, and these are celestial orbiting our sun. Being close to the Earth is characterized as NEA (Near-Earth Asteroids), asteroids and which periodically approach the Earth's orbit, given that there is great interest in the study and exploitation of these objects, it is the key can carry features that contribute to better understand the process of formation of our solar system. Study the dynamics of bodies that govern those systems proves to be greatly attractive because of the mutual gravitational perturbation of bodies and also by external disturbances. Recently, NEA 2001 SN263 was chosen as a target of Aster mission where a probe is sent for this triple system, appearing therefore the need for obtaining information for characterizing stable regions internal and external to the system, with respect to the effects of radiation pressure. First, this study demonstrated that the integrator used showed satisfactory results of the orbital evolution of bodies in accordance with previous studies and also the characterization of stable and unstable regions brought similar results to the study by Araujo et al. (2012). From these results it was possible to carry out the implementation of the radiation pressure in the system in 2001 SN263, in a region close to the central body, where the simulations were carried out, which brought as a result that the regions before being characterized as stable in unstable true for small particles size from 1 to 5 micrometers. So the next orbital region to the central body and the ... ( Complete abstract click electronic access below)