Temporomandibular joint ankylosis and salivary mucocele in a cat: case report

Relata-se o caso de um gato de aproximadamente um ano e meio de idade, macho, não castrado, que foi encaminhado por apresentar incapacidade de abrir a boca e aumento de volume flutuante na região intermandibular. As lesões estavam presentes há um ano, desde quando o gato foi encontrado e adotado. A causa não foi determinada. Baseado nos exames físicos e radiográficos diagnosticou-se anquilose da articulação temporomandibular esquerda e mucocele salivar. O aspecto lateral do processo condilar da mandíbula esquerda foi removido, e a mucocele foi tratada por ressecção das glândulas salivares mandibular e sublingual direita e por drenagem da mucocele. Após a cirurgia, o gato mostrou bom uso funcional da mandíbula, sem sinais de desconforto.

Analgesia pós-operatória para crianças com menos de 1 ano: análise retrospectiva

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A dor pós-operatória continua sendo uma das principais complicações pós-operatórias e motivo de desconforto, principalmente em crianças. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o uso de analgésicos desde o término da cirurgia até a alta da sala de recuperação pós-anestésica (SRPA), como medida terapêutica ou profilática, para crianças com menos de 1 ano de idade. MÉTODO: Utilizando o banco de dados do Departamento de Anestesiologia, foi realizada análise retrospectiva, envolvendo o período de janeiro de 2000 a abril de 2001, das anestesias de crianças menores que 1 ano de idade submetidas a procedimentos cirúrgicos diversos, avaliando aspectos relacionados à analgesia pós-operatória. RESULTADOS: No período do estudo, foram anestesiadas 402 crianças menores que 1 ano, sendo que 194 (48,2%) não receberam analgésicos e 208 (51,8%) receberam. Com relação ao uso ou não de analgésicos, foi observado o que se segue: Sem analgésicos: (1) Idade: até 1 mês, 68/99; entre 1 e 6 meses, 53/126; entre 6 meses e 1 ano, 73/177. (2) Peso: 6,7 ± 3,1 kg (3). Sexo: masculino, 106/240; feminino, 88/162. (4) Estado físico ASA: ASA I, 69/187; ASA II, 56/113; ASA III, 46/79; ASA IV, 23/23. (5) Anestesia peridural sacral: 3/4. (6) Tempo de anestesia: 106 ± 32 minutos. (7) Encaminhamento para unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI): 93/119. Uso de analgésicos: (1) Idade: até 1 mês, 31/99; entre 1 e 6 meses, 73/126; entre 6 meses e 1 ano, 104/177. (2) Peso: 9 ± 2,3 kg. (3) Sexo: masculino, 134/240; feminino, 74/162. (4) Estado físico ASA: ASA I, 118/187; ASA II, 57/113; ASA III, 33/79; ASA IV, 0/23. (5) Anestesia peridural sacral: 1/4. (6) Tempo de anestesia: 130 ± 38 minutos. (7) Encaminhamento para UTI: 26/119. Os fármacos empregados para promover analgesia foram: dipirona (60,6%), dipirona + tramadol (25,5%), dipirona + nalbufina (5,3%), tramadol (3,8%), nalbufina (3,8%), meperidina (0,5%) e fentanil (0,5%). CONCLUSÕES: Utilizar analgésicos em crianças desde o término da cirurgia até a alta da SRPA não foi habitual, principalmente nas crianças menores e mais graves e em procedimentos cirúrgicos mais rápidos. O uso de dipirona, isoladamente, ou a associação dipirona/tramadol, foram as drogas analgésicas mais freqüentemente empregadas.

Superficial keratectomy and 360º conjunctival flap for bullous keratopathy in a dog: a case report

Relata-se o caso ocorrido em um cão, da raça Pinscher, com dois anos de idade e histórico de desconforto no olho direito. O olho esquerdo havia sido enucleado por outro profissional, por apresentar os mesmos sinais, cujo tratamento clínico instituído não lograra êxito. O valor do teste da lágrima de Schirmer encontrava-se aumentado e identificou-se diminuição da pressão intraocular à tonometria de aplanação. Observaram-se, à biomicroscopia, edema corneal profuso e ceratocone, e o teste da fluoresceína foi negativo. Gonioscopia e oftalmoscopia não lograram fornecer dados relevantes dadas as condições da córnea. Diagnosticou-se ceratite bolhosa. Optou-se pelo tratamento cirúrgico, que fora realizado em duas etapas: 1- ceratectomia superficial e flap conjuntival de 360º; 2- ceratectomia superficial para devolver transparência à córnea. Transcorridos 30 dias da segunda ceratectomia superficial, o flap de terceira pálpebra foi desfeito. Observou-se conjuntivalização do quadrante nasal superior da córnea, córnea clara no eixo visual e retorno da visão.

Práticas de cura místico-religiosas, psicoterapia e subjetividade contemporânea

Nous avons analysé les résultats d'une recherché sur les pratiques de guérison mystico-religieuses (chez les Églises Évangéliques et Catholique Renovée, et chez l'Oumbanda). Ainsi que leur comparaison avec le traitement fourni, chez les Ambulatoires de Santé Mentale publiques, aux individus se plaignant de souffrance psychique. L'analyse statistique a révélé que les pratiques de guérison mystico-religieuses sont efficaces à la solution des problèmes de ceux qui les ont cherché, en surmontant, dans le court délai, l'efficacité obtenue par les pratiques ambulatoriales. Un des principaux moyens d'efficacité des pratiques de guérison mystico-religieuses consiste dans l'offre de sens de diverses nuances, d'où se ressort le sens radical de teneur imaginaire, qui implique en des adhésions institutionelles du type fanatique ou ritualistique en bonne partie des cas. Les pratiques de guérison mystico-religieuses semblent fonctioner comme des orthopédies des maladies de l'individualisme contemporain, en réinstallant, par des moyens syntoniques, quelque fonctionalité de la catégorie individu. Comme suite de l'analyse, nous arrivons à l'hypothèse sur l'existence d'une Culture du Mysticisme en état avancé de formation dans le contexte brésilien, comme conséquence des caractéristiques culturelles et des effets de la perturbation des rapports du sujet avec le domaine du symbolique, dans les sociétés de consommation mondialisées à exclusion sociale accentuée et affectées par une importante crise de sens, conséquence de l'ébranlement des idéaux les plus basilaires du libéralisme.

Análise do conteúdo de propagandas de medicamentos psicoativos

O objetivo do estudo foi descrever as figuras humanas retratadas nas propagandas de medicamentos psicoativos quanto ao gênero, a idade, a etnia e o contexto social. Foi realizada análise de conteúdo de 86 impressos publicitários inéditos divulgados em Araraquara (SP) no ano de 2005. A associação entre as categorias foi analisada usando o teste exato de Fisher. Houve predomínio de mulheres (62,8%), sendo quatro vezes mais freqüentes que os homens em propagandas de antidepressivos e ansiolíticos. A maioria era constituída de jovens adultos (72%), de etnia branca (98,8%). As pessoas estavam em lazer (46,5%), em suas casas (29%) ou em contato com a natureza (16,2%). A mensagem transmitida foi que os medicamentos tratam sintomatologias subjetivas de desconforto do dia-a-dia, induzindo a um apelo irracional que pode refletir na prescrição medicamentosa.

Pharyngeal clearance and pharyngeal transit time determined by a biomagnetic method in normal humans

Clearance and transit time are parameters of great value in studies of digestive transit. Such parameters are nowadays obtained by means of scintigraphy and videofluoroscopy, with each technique having advantages and disadvantages. In this study we present a new, noninvasive method to study swallowing pharyngeal clearance (PC) and pharyngeal transit time (PTT). This new method is based on variations of magnetic flux produced by a magnetic bolus passing through the pharynx and detected by an AC biosusceptometer (ACB). These measurements may be performed in a simple way. cause no discomfort. and do not use radiation. We measured PC in 8 volunteers (7 males and I female. 23-33 years old) and PTT in 8 other volunteers (7 males and I female. 21-29 years old). PC was 0.82 +/- 0.10 s (mean +/- SD) and PTT was 0.75 +/- 0.03 s. The results were similar for PC but longer for PTT than those determined by means of other techniques. We conclude that the biomagnetic method can be used to evaluate PC and PTT.

Physical and postural aspects of teachers during work activity

Studies indicate that teachers constitute a professional segment, in which the work characteristics and the demands originating from the act of teaching, favor the emergence of sickness, concerning physical or emotional aspects. The present work aimed to describe physical and postural aspects during the working activity of teachers. A total of 120 elementary school teachers (1st to 8th grade) took part in the survey. For data collection, a questionnaire was applied: it included personal and occupational information, perception of discomfort and being off work; physical strength activities; posture at work and physical conditioning activities. The average age of teachers of the present sample corresponds to 35,8 years. In relation to activities which generate more physical strength, the answer none of the activities was predominant with 30 answers; followed by writing on the board, standing up during the period of classes, explanation of the subjects, class elaboration, correction of homework and others. The area of the body with higher amount of occurrences and prevalent discomfort referred to the lower limbs and spinal cord. These data inform the necessity of investing in prevention programs for the teachers, in order to develop strategies into the organizational context and interventions at the work environment.

The Use of Etoricoxib and Celecoxib for Pain Prevention After Periodontal Surgery: A Double-Masked, Parallel-Group, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Clinical Trial

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Challenges in Assessing Fish Welfare

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Indices de atividade da doença inflamatória do intestino: indicadores clínicos e laboratoriais.

The quantification of the degree of activity of inflammatory bowel disease is assuming growing importance nowadays. The activity index of the disease can be attained by clinical and laboratorial indicators. For ulcerative colitis the mostly used clinical parameters are daily bowel movements and presence of bloody diarrhea whereas albumin, hemoglobin, ESR and positive acute phase protein measurements are the laboratory parameters. For Crohn's disease activity besides the daily bowel movements the presence of abdominal pain and discomfort sensation are also frequently used whereas the C-reactive protein is the most used laboratory test which is able to detect the disease reactivation even before the appearance of any clinical sign. The combinations of clinical signs with the laboratory tests earned the sympathy of the specialists and the set of ensembled indicators has been recognized by the author's name. In this sense, the classification of the ulcerative colitis activity originally proposed by Truelove and Witts deserves presently a wide acceptance whereas such agreement is still lacking for Crohn's disease activity. In the mean time, the Bristol index is clinically the most feasible, once the Crohn's disease activity index and the Van Hees index are considered too complex. However the latter indexes are still useful mainly for comparisons among multicentric data. It seems that the currently existing clinical signs used for Crohn's disease activity would be quantitatively improved by adding some easily made laboratory tests such as C-reactive protein.

Avaliação da relação entre a temperatura da superficie corporal e produção de vacas jersey submetidas à climatização na pré-ordenha

Jersey cows has been used in warm climates because they have better performance in dairy production. Generally milk production is reduced in warm climates due to the consequent reduction in feed intake because of the heat stress. When the heat stress occurs there is an increase in the body temperature, however it is not known if the skin temperature indicates a thermal discomfort or if it influences milk yield. The objective of this research was to verify if there was a correlation between skin temperature and milk yield using two treatments. Treatment (A) where the cows stayed for 30 minutes before the milking period, in a room with a shower and a fan; and treatment (B) where the cows did not had access to any cooling device (control). After milking the skin temperature were recorded in the places: forehead, back, leg and teats. Data were statistically analyzed and, even though in treatment (A) the skin temperature were reduced it was not found correlation between skin temperature and milk yield.

Clinical evaluation of amitriptyline for the control of chronic pain caused by temporomandibular joint disorders

Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is characterized by a combination of symptoms affecting the temporomandibular joint and/or chewing muscles. The two most common clinical TMD symptoms are pain and dysfunction. Pain is usually caused by dysfunction, and emergency therapy has focused on controlling it. Recent investigations into TMD have led to the recommendation of antidepressants as a supporting treatment against constant neuralgic pain. The aim of this double-blind study was to verify the efficiency of antidepressants (amitriptyline) as a support in the treatment of chronic TMD pain. Twelve female volunteers presenting chronic TMD pain were divided into two groups and treated for 14 days: Group 1 with 25 mg/day of amitriptyline and Group 2 with a placebo. The intensity of pain and discomfort was evaluated daily, using a visual analog scale (VAS), over a period of seven days preceding the treatment (baseline), during the 14-day treatment, and for seven days after the treatment. The results revealed a significant reduction of pain and discomfort in Group 1 (75%) compared to Group 2 (28%) during the three weeks beginning at baseline (p< 0.01). Amitriptyline proved to be an efficient alternative treatment for chronic pain in TMD patients. Copyright © 2003 by CHROMA, Inc.

A new device in immediately loaded implant treatment in the edentulous mandible

Purpose: This article reports preliminary clinical results of the Speed Master system, a method for immediate loading of implants for the treatment of mandibular edentulism. Materials and Methods: Fifteen patients with edentulous mandibles were consecutively included in the study. Each received 4 implants between the mental foramina placed using the system's surgical guides. Permanent fixed prostheses fabricated over premanufactured titanium bars were attached to the implants on the day of implant placement. The patients were followed for 15 to 27 months (mean, 19 months). Peri-implant tissues were periodically evaluated. Marginal bone loss was monitored with periapical radiographs using a computerized technique. Satisfaction was assessed by means of a questionnaire. Results: The overall implant and prosthetic survival rates were 100%. At the time of the final follow-up visit, mean marginal bone loss was 1.11 mm, and bleeding on probing was not observed. Only 6.7% of the patients reported any discomfort during treatment, and all patients would recommend the procedure to others. Discussion: The immediate loading of implants placed in the edentulous mandible with the Speed Master surgical and prosthetic protocol reduces treatment time and number of surgical procedures in comparison to classic delayed loading protocols. Conclusion: The rehabilitation of the mandible with an immediately delivered occlusally loaded hybrid prosthesis supported by 4 implants does not appear to jeopardize the success of the osseointegration and represents a viable treatment option.

Rectovaginal fistula with anal atresia in 5 dogs

Five dogs with rectovaginal fistula and atresia ani that had been treated by surgical correction of the malformations were studied retrospectively. Ages at presentation varied from 1 to 3 months and weight from 350 g to 7.5 kg. The histories included voiding of feces through the vulva, with or without tenesmus, usually observed after weaning. Artesia ani, presence of feces in the vaginal canal, abdominal distention, and discomfort on abdominal palpation were observed during clinical examination. Also, 3 dogs had partial tail agenesis. In all dogs, the rectovaginal fistula was isolated and transected, the vulvar and rectal defects were closed separately, and the atresia ani was repaired. Normal defecation was restored, but 1 dog had fecal incontinence that subsequently resolved. One dog died 2.5 months postoperatively, and follow-up was done on the others for periods ranging from 1.6 year to 7.7 years. Surgical correction in dogs with rectovaginal fistula and atresia ani may result in a favorable outcome, if it is done early.

A proposed behavioral tool to assess sustained auditory attention

Sustained attention and vigilance are processeses that characterize attention, and are essential for the development of certain abilities Aim: a prospective study to propose a simple, easy and quick behavioral tool to support the assessment of sustained auditory attention. Material and methods: volunteer children aged between 6 and 11 years (139 female and 141 male) were selected. The test was named Sustained Auditory Attention Ability Test, and is based on the Continuous Performance Test. It consist of a binaural and diotic presentation of a list of 100 monosyllabic words in which a target monosyllable is included 20 times. This list was presented six times with no breaks. The test was carried out in a soundproofed room, using a CD player attached to a two-channel audiometer at 50 dBSL during 9 minutes. The test resulted in a total score and a vigilance decrement. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between genders, but a significant difference was found between ages. Conclusion: The proposed test had no discomfort for the participants, and was shown to be extremely promising to assess the sustained auditory attention ability in children. © Revista Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia. All Rights reserved.