Abundance and species composition of planktonic Ciliophora from the wastewater discharge zone in the Bahía Blanca Estuary, Argentina

The specific composition and abundance variation of the ciliate community from a wastewater discharge zone in the Bahía Blanca estuary, Argentina, were studied all throughout a year, from June 1995 to May 1996. The polluted area exhibited high values of particulate organic matter and nutrients, particularly phosphates. Aloricate ciliates were represented by 15 species belonging to the genera Strombidium Claparède & Lachmann, 1859; Strombidinopsis Kent, 1881; Cyrtostrombidium Lynn & Gilron, 1993; Strobilidium Schewiakoff, 1983; Lohmmanniella Leegaard, 1915 and Tontonia Fauré-Fremiet, 1914. Tintinnids were represented by nine species belonging to the genera Tintinnidium Kent, 1881, Tintinnopsis Stein, 1867 and Codonellopsis Jörgensen, 1924. The total abundance of aloricate ciliates reached a peak of 1,800 ind. 1-1 and the total abundance of tintinnids reached a peak of 9,400 ind. 1-1. Tintinnidium balechi Barría de Cao, 1981 was the most abundant ciliate in the community. Considerations on the presence and abundance of ciliates are made in relation to physicochemical and biochemical parameters.

Sewage impact on the composition and distribution of Polychaeta associated to intertidal mussel beds of the Mar del Plata rocky shore, Argentina

The polychaete composition and distribution within mussel beds were studied in order to assess organic pollution due to domestic sewage in a rocky shore of Mar del Plata (Argentina) during 1997. Four stations and a control site were randomly sampled around the local effluent. Quantitative data on polychaetes, as well as sediment accumulated among mussels and its organic carbon content were measured. Polychaete distribution patterns are related to the organic matter gradient, being Capitella cf. capitata, Neanthes succinea (Frey & Leuckart, 1847) and Boccardia polybranchia (Haswell, 1885) the dominant indicator species close to the effluent. At medial distances, the cirratulids Caulleriella alata (Southern, 1914) and Cirratulus cirratus (Müller, 1776) are very important in abundance. The syllids Syllis prolixa Ehlers, 1901 and S. gracilis Grube, 1840 are distributed along the study area, but dominate at the medial stations and at the control site. The orbiniid Protoariciella uncinata Hartmann-Schröder, 1962 is subdominant at the control station.

Molt cycle of the natural population of Palaemonetes argentinus (Crustacea, Palaemonidae) from Los Padres Lagoon (Buenos Aires, Argentina)

The molt cycle of the natural population of Palaemonetes argentinus Nobili, 1901 from Los Padres Lagoon, Buenos Aires, Argentina, was studied in relation to age, sex, and environmental factors. A total of 1645 individuals (740 females, 539 males, and 366 juveniles) were collected and analyzed between December 1995 and December 1996. The results indicate that the sex ratio (males:females) remains around 1:1.4 throughout most of the year. The reproductive period extends from September until February (spring and summer), with maximum sexual activity in October and November. Two cohorts originated in the spring and in the summer were differentiated. Ovigerous females arrest their molt cycle during the intermolt period to restart it after oviposition. The duration of the intermolt period does not differ between adults and juveniles. Since the percentage of premolt individuals represents 60% of the total cycle, it was classified as a diecdysic cycle. Within the studied range of water temperatures, the observed variations in the span of the different stages, indicate that this factor does not alter the molt frequency. Like in the rest of decapods, the intermolt duration of P. argentinus is modified by ovarian maturation.

Histologia del sistema reproductor masculino de Helobdella hyalina (Hirudinea, Glossiphoniidae) en Argentina

A detailed preliminary histological analysis of Helobdella hyalina Ringuelet, 1942 male system from Los Talas, Buenos Aires, Argentina is described. Six pairs of testisacs, located between the crop caeca, form the male reproductive system. Each testisac is clothed by the mesotelium. Inside it, the germinal cells are connected to the citophore and develop functional unit called poliplast. The spermatozoa are released into testisacs after the reabsortion of the citophore. Five stages of spermatogenesis are described taking into account the successive maturation stages of germinal cells and the changes in the citophore size. Lining cells and gland cells were found in the seminal vesicle. Five different types of gland cells are placed inside the ejaculatory ducts, as well as two kinds of cells are found in its distal portion: type 1, which produces eosinophilic granular secretion, type 2, with amorphous and slightly eosinophilic. Three distinct gland cells are located in the proximal portion of the duct: type 3, which produces a strongly eosinophilic granular secretion; type 4, with a negative eosinophilic amorphous secretion and type 5, with a basophilic granular secretion. Type 5 gland cells are described for the ducts of this species only.

Three new species of Cephalobium (Nematoda, Cephalobiidae) parasites of Gryllodes laplatae (Orthoptera, Gryllidae) from Argentina

Three new species of Cephalobium Cobb, 1920, C. laplata from City Bell, C. polidentatum from Lincoln and C. dispar from Gorina, parasites of Gryllodes laplatae Saussure, 1877 from Buenos Aires, Argentina, are described and illustrated. Cephalobium laplata can be differentiated by having the cheilostom with a dorsal unmovable tooth, telostom with three ventral little teeth and two ventral movable claw teeth and gubernaculum triangular and five pairs of genital papillae. Cephalobium polidentatum has cheilostom with a movable ventral tooth, prostom with four dorsal movable teeth and telostom with three teeth; gubernaculum triangular with projections and with one pair of preanal and six pairs of postanal papillae. Cephalobium dispar is characterized by having telostom with two wings around the spicules and one pair of preanal and six pairs postanal papillae.

Two new species of the genus Philoponella from Brazil and Argentina (Araneae, Uloboridae)

Two new species of the genus Philoponella Mello-Leitão, 1917 are described: P. ramirezi, from the Atlantic forest of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, and P. pomelita, from the subtropical forests of the Province of Misiones, Argentina. Relationships of these new species are discussed.

Two new rodents from Argentina, by Wilfred H. Osgood.

v.20:no.3(1933)

Impact of a power plant cooling system on copepod and meroplankton survival (Bahía Blanca estuary, Argentina)

The impact of a power plant cooling system in the Bahía Blanca estuary (Argentina) on the survival of target zooplanktonic organisms (copepods and crustacean larvae) and on overall mesozooplankton abundance was evaluated over time. Mortality rates were calculated for juveniles and adults of four key species in the estuary: Acartia tonsa Dana, 1849 and Eurytemora americana Williams, 1906 (native and invading copepods), and larvae of the crab Chasmagnathus granulata Dana, 1851 and the invading cirriped Balanus glandula Darwin, 1854. Mean total mortality values were up to four times higher at the water discharge site than at intake, though for all four species, significant differences were only registered in post-capture mortality. The findings show no evidence of greater larval sensitivity. As expected, the sharpest decrease in overall mesozooplankton abundance was found in areas close to heated water discharge.

Histology of the liver of Oligosarcus jenynsii (Ostariophysi, Characidae) from Los Padres Lake, Argentina

The liver is an organ notable for its sensitivity to a great variety of environmental factors. It is composed of a parenchyma divided into irregular lobules by the exocrine pancreas or hepatopancreas; the pancreatic cells are arranged around a branch of the portal vein. The hepatocytes are radially arranged in cords around a central sinusoid. The liver histomorphology and the organization of exocrine pancreatic tissue of O. jenynsii (Günther, 1864) is similar to the acinar morphology of many teleosts, including freshwater and marine species. The aim of the present work was to carry out the histological analysis of the liver of Oligosarcus jenynsii, one of the most common species inhabiting Los Padres Lake (Buenos Aires Province, Argentina).

Nova espécie de Euschistus (Mitripus) da Argentina e sul do Brasil (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatominae)

Uma nova espécie de Euschistus Dallas, 1851, E. (M.) irroratus sp. nov. do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil e Misiones, Argentina, é descrita e ilustrada.

Composición y estructura de la ictiofauna del Río Ceballos-Saldán (Córdoba, Argentina)

Los ríos presentan un gradiente longitudinal desde su naciente hasta su desembocadura, con los consiguientes cambios en sus características ambientales y en la composición específica. El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir esa variación longitudinal en las características de la fauna de peces del Río Ceballos-Saldán. Los muestreos se realizaron en cinco puntos, ubicados antes y después de las ciudades más importantes, durante un año. Los ensambles de peces fueron descriptos a través de la composición específica, abundancia, riqueza, diversidad y dominancia, atributos que fueron estimados para cada localidad de muestreo. Se aplicaron diferentes modelos especie/abundancia a cada ensamble de peces a lo largo del curso. Se capturaron 1.914 individuos pertenecientes a 17 especies. Once corresponden a primeras citas para este río. El orden más representativo fue el de los Siluriformes y la especie más abundante fue Hypostomus cordovae (Günther, 1880). La abundancia total fue el único atributo que varió significativamente a lo largo del curso, siendo menor antes de la ciudad de Río Ceballos. Los ensambles de peces fueron significativamente descriptos por tres modelos diferentes de abundancia poblacional, a lo largo del río.

Abundancia y distribución de la fauna íctica en la cuenca del río Suquía (Córdoba, Argentina)

En este trabajo se presenta la caracterización de los ensambles de peces de la cuenca del río Suquía. Los peces fueron recolectados, desde 1998 al 2002, en dieciséis sitios ubicados en los principales ríos dentro de la cuenca: arroyo San Francisco, río Cosquín, río Yuspe, río San Antonio y río Suquía. Se estimó la abundancia relativa de cada especie, riqueza, diversidad y dominancia en cada sitio estudiado. Se aplicó un Análisis Discriminante para determinar diferencias en la composición de las especies entre los ríos de la cuenca y antes y después de los principales centros urbanos. Veintiuna especies de peces fueron recolectadas en toda la cuenca, pertenecientes a doce familias y seis órdenes. Las especies mostraron diferentes patrones de variación. El Análisis Discriminante indicó marcadas diferencias de la ictiofauna entre los ríos. Si bien ellos compartieron un número elevado de especies, los patrones de abundancia de las mismas variaron entre sitios. Los resultados también demostraron el impacto negativo que ejerce la ciudad de Córdoba sobre los ensambles de peces. Este trabajo provee nuevos datos a cerca del estado de la ictiofauna del río Suquía y constituye un punto de partida que permitirá la aplicación de programas de monitoreo y evaluación con el fin de conocer la calidad de los recursos acuáticos.

Ordovician Receptaculites camacho n. sp. from Argentina / Matthew H. Nitecki -- and Gerald G. Forney --.

v.37:no.5(1978)

Descripción de Thelastoma domesticus sp. nov. (Oxyurida, Thelastomatidae) parásita de ninfas Periplaneta americana (Blattodea, Blattidae) en Argentina

Thelastoma domesticus sp. nov. se halló parasitando a ninfas de Periplaneta americana (Linnaeus, 1758) en la ciudad de La Plata, Província de Buenos Aires, Argentina, en el presente trabajo se describe e ilustra. Esta especie nueva se caracteriza por tener en la boca un estoma simple de paredes gruesas, fuertemente cuticularizada formando tres pares de nodulos en dos filas, sin dientes, el poro excretor es posterior, se ubica al comienzo del intestino, el macho presenta una distribución particular de las papilas genitales: un par grande de papilas preanales y tres pares posanales agrupadas, de las cuales el segundo par se encuentra desplazado lateralmente, configurando así con las otras papilas posanales un círculo.

Two new species of Caulleriella (Polychaeta, Cirratulidae) from Argentina

Caulleriella bremecae and C. galeanoi (Polychaeta: Cirratulidae) are newly described from Mar del Plata, Argentina (38ºS, 57ºW). Both species have small, red-pigmented nuchal organs (lateral "eyes") on the prostomium. Caulleriella bremecae sp. nov. is further characterized by a peristomium without annulations except for a narrow anterior dorsal fold, posterior part of peristomium extending posterodorsally over chaetiger 1, latter extending posterodorsally over chaetiger 2 and with slightly separated grooved palps arising middorsally; notochaetae of chaetigers 1-23 all smooth capillaries, thereafter with six bidentate sigmoid hooks and 3-4 capillaries, both types fewer on last 4-5 chaetigers; neurochaetae of chaetigers 1-2 comprised of 8 bidentate hooks and 1-2 capillaries, thereafter only bidentate hooks, decreasing in number posteriorly. The species is frequent and abundant throughout the year in the intertidal mussel beds situated 200-700m from the sewage outfall of Mar del Plata city. Caulleriella galeanoi sp. nov. is characterized by a peristomium with three annulations dorsally, with grooved palps arising from annulus 3, and by smooth capillary chaetae in noto- and neuropodia of chaetigers 1-2. Bidentate hooks are present in neuropodia from chaetiger 3, numbering 5-6 in anterior and middle chaetigers, 1-3 in posterior ones. Notopodia have 3-6 pairs of smooth capillary chaetae, decreasing in number posteriorly. From chaetiger 13-20, notopodia with 1-2 capillary chaetae and 1-2 bidentate hooks. Specimens held in aquaria supplied with water and the green alga Vaucheria sp. (Vaucheriaceae) from the intertidal zone reproduced asexually by fission. Gametes were not observed in any specimens.