The Sinemurian ammonites of the Lusitanian Basin (Portugal): an example of complex endemic evolutioin

Palaeodiversity 3: 59–87; Stuttgart 30 December 2010

An Approach To Publish a Data Warehouse Content as Linked Data

Mestrado em Engenharia Informática - Área de Especializa��ão em Tecnologias do Conhecimento e Decisão

Jungle yellow fever: clinical and laboratorial sudies emphasizing viremia on a human case

The authors report the clinical, laboratorial and epidemiological aspects of a human case of jungle yellow fever. The patient suffered from fever, chills, sweating, headaches, backaches, myalgia, epigastric pains, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and prostration. He was unvaccinated and had been working in areas where cases of jungle yellow fever had been confirmed. Investigations concerning the yellow fever virus were performed. Blood samples were collected on several days in the course of the illness. Three of these samples (those obtained on days 5,7 and 10) were inoculated into suckling mice in attempt to isolate virus and to titrate the viremia level. Serological surveys were carried out by using the IgM Antibodies Capture Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (MAC-ELISA), Complement Fixation (CF), Hemagglulinalion Inhibition (HI) and Neutralization (N) tests. The yellow fever virus, recovered from the two first samples and the virus titration, showed high level of viremia. After that, specific antibodies appeared in all samples. The interval between the end of the viremia and the appearance of the antibodies was associated with the worsening of clinical symptoms, including bleeding of the mucous membrane. One must be aware of the risk of having a urban epidemics in areas where Aedes aegypti is found in high infestation indexes.

QUANTIFICATION OF THE POPULATION AND PHAGOCYTARY ACTIVITY OF HEMOCYTES OF RESISTANT AND SUSCEPTIBLE STRAINS OF Biomphalaria glabrata AND Biomphalaria tenagophila INFECTED WITH Schistosoma mansoni

Among the determinant factors in the resistance and susceptibility of Biomphalaria to Schistosoma mansoni, hemocytes play an important role. Aiming at studying S. mansoni/Biomphalaria interactions related to hemocytes, the first step is certainly connected with the standardization of this cell population in uninfected Biomphalaria. In this way, quantification of this cell population in hemolymph, as well as its phagocitary capacity, have been determined for the first time. Furthermore, using susceptible and resistant strains of B. glabrata and B. tenagophila, the hemocytegram and phagocytary capacity of hemocytes after infection with S. mansoni were determined too. Resistant and susceptible strains of B.glabrata (BA and BH, respectively), as well as resistant and susceptible strains of B. tenagophila (Taim and CF, respectively) were infected with 10 miracidia of the LE and SJ strains of S. mansoni, respectively. These infected snails and respective uninfected controls were assessed in relation to the number of circulating hemocytes and alteration in the phagocytary capacity, by using Zymozan and MTT. Reading was taken by means of a spectrophotometer at 5 hours and 1,2,5,10,20 and 30 days after infection. The results showed a decrease in population of the circulating phagocytary cells, 5 hours after infection. One day post-infection, the circulating cells of the susceptible snails showed an increased metabolic activity, but the same event could not be observed in the resistant strains. In the subsequent observation periods, significant differences among the strains studied could not be observed until the end of the experiment

ANTIGENIC RELATEDNESS OF SELECTED FLAVIVIRUSES: STUDY WITH HOMOLOGOUS AND HETEROLOGOUS IMMUNE MOUSE ASCITIC FLUIDS

The antigenic relationship of 9 flaviviruses, Yellow fever (YF) , Wesselsbron (WSL) , Uganda S (UGS) , Potiskum (POT), West Nile (WN) , Banzi (BAN) , Zika (ZK) , Dengue type 1 (DEN-1) and Dengue type 2 (DEN-2), was assessed by cross-haemagglutination-inhibition (Cross-HI) and cross-complement fixation (Cross-CF) reactions between each of the viruses and their homologous immune mouse ascitic fluids. Titre ratios were calculated using the heterologous and homologous titres. Cross-CF reactions revealed wider antigenic variations among viruses than Cross-HI reactions. There was no significant antigenic variation between WSL, POT and YF viruses using either of those methods. However, definite differences in antigenicity were observed between them and UGS, BAN and ZK viruses. There were no significant differences between UGS, BAN and ZK or between DEN-1 and DEN-2. The serological relationship among flaviviruses is important in establishing diagnosis and epidemiology of these infections in Africa.

Networking as a route for corporate foresight in SMEs

Paper presented at the 1st Winter School of PhD Programme on Technology Assessment on the December 6th and 7th, 2010, at the Universidade Nova de Lisboa campus of Caparica (Portugal). A final version was developed for the unit “Project III” of the same PhD programme on Technology Assessment at the Universidade Nova de Lisboa in 2010-11 under the supervision of Prof. António Brandão Moniz

Use of selective medium for Burkholderia cepacia isolation in respiratory samples from cystic fibrosis patients

Burkholderia cepacia colonizes cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. We evaluated the impact of the use of a selective medium in the rate of B. cepacia recovery from respiratory samples of CF patients. During a 6-month period, respiratory samples were collected from 106 CF patients and cultivated on selective media including a B. cepacia selective medium. Confirmation of the identity of B. cepacia isolates was carried out by species specific PCR and determination of genomovar status performed by a sequential PCR approach. Results of B. cepacia isolation during this period were compared to the preceding two years, when the sample processing was identical except for the lack of the B. cepacia selective medium. B. cepacia was isolated in 11/257 (4.2%) of the samples using the selective medium, in contrast with the preceding two years, when it was isolated in 6/1029 samples (0.58%), p < 0.0001. Identity of all 11 isolates was confirmed by PCR and genomovar determination was accomplished in all but one isolate. These results suggest that the use of a selective medium increases recovery rate of B. cepacia from respiratory samples.

Notas à margem da vida de S. Frutuoso

pp. 293-343

Avalia��ão e promoção da leitura na forma��ão de adultos com incapacidade intelectual

A promoção de competências de leitura é um tema central, tanto na educa��ão regular, como na educa��ão especial em crianças em idade pré-escolar e escolar. Todavia, as competências de leitura de indivíduos adultos com incapacidade intelectual são um domínio muito pouco estudado. São também escassos os estudos direcionados à avalia��ão dessas competências. Esta investiga��ão propõe uma tradução/ adapta��ão do APAR (Assessment of Phonological Awareness and Reading), um protocolo de avalia��ão da consciência fonológica (CF) e da leitura especificamente concebido para a popula��ão em estudo. Procura-se também analisar os processos cognitivos envolvidos na leitura nos quais a intervenção produzirá resultados mais significativos e confirmar uma rela��ão positiva entre a avalia��ão prévia de competências escolares em contexto formativo profissional e o efetivo desenvolvimento de competências de leitura. Foram avaliadas em dois momentos (pré e pós-teste) a CF e competências de leitura de 12 adultos com incapacidade intelectual ligeira, sendo estes sujeitos a um programa de intervenção, visando áreas menos desenvolvidas das suas competências que possibilitassem desempenhos de leitura mais fortes. Ao nível da análise quantitativa, foram comparados os resultados obtidos nos dois momentos de administra��ão. No tratamento estatístico recorreu-se a análises de correla��ão de Spearman para determinar a presença de indicadores de desempenho ao nível da CF e ao cálculo de coeficientes de correla��ão de Pearson e Spearman para controlar variáveis externas como idade, sexo e habilita��ões literárias. Os resultados obtidos revelam desempenhos fracos ao nível da leitura/ compreensão textual e, em particular, da CF em pré-teste e ganhos significativos globais após implementa��ão de uma intervenção baseada em medidas de avalia��ão prévia de competências de leitura/compreensão e CF

Mulheres entre o som e o silêncio: imagens e representa��ões das artistas de metal na LOUD!

Disserta��ão apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Estudos sobre as Mulheres

Espa��o terapêutico e transições linguísticas

A seqüência de imagens de uma psicoterapia breve (cf. Anexo 1) permite-nos visualizar a gestão simultânea de comportamentos verbais e não verbais (proxémicos, gestuais e mimo-posturais) por ambos os intervenientes.' O interesse em estudar, articuladamente, estes dois tipos de código-, tem vindo a ser destacada por etôlogos, pela pragmática sistêmica de Gregory Bateson e a escola de Paio Alto, pela etnografia da comunica��ão de Hymes, pela microsociologia das práticas comunicativas de Goffman, pela etnometodologia de Garfinkel e mais recentemente, na história da Lingüística, pela corrente interaccionista.

Shakespeare no circuito de uma epístola entre Londres e Lisboa

No decurso de um processo de investiga��ão, deparamo-nos por vezes com algumas surpresas que, em alguns casos, vêm alterar de forma decisiva conhecimentos que tínhamos por certos. Era até há pouco tempo um facto consensualmente aceite que as primeiras referências a Shakespeare na cultura portuguesa – excepção honrosa feita ao Padre Bernardo de Lima (1762) – datavam do século XIX. Apesar da apresenta��ão da ópera de Zingarelli em S. Carlos em 1798 (cf. Benevides, 1883 e Carvalho, 1993), Shakespeare não despertou grande interesse nos autores e tradutores portugueses antes da segunda década de oitocentos. Estudos de, entre outros, Carlos Estorninho (1964), Maria do Céu Saraiva Jorge (1951) e Jorge Bastos da Silva (2000 e 2005) repetem-no.1 No entanto, há cerca de três anos, num período de trabalho no Centro de Estudos Anglo-Portugueses, a Doutora Isabel Lousada identificou uma carta do poeta Edward Young, incluída no volume que inclui as traduções de duas peças deste autor, onde, de acordo com o cabeçalho, existe “HUM DISCURSO DO AUTHOR Sobre o Theatro Inglez, comparado com o Theatro Francez”, em que se verifica uma referência a Shakespeare. Amavelmente, e sabendo do meu interesse pela recepção da obra deste autor em Portugal, a Doutora Isabel Lousada fez-me chegar o texto às mãos. Por coincidência, no dia em que tal aconteceu, esteve no CEAP [Centro de Estudos Anglo-Portugueses]2 a Professora Maria Manuela Delille que, posta ao corrente do título da Epístula, achou de interesse que o texto fosse estudado. É por isso que julgamos pertinente, agora que se pretende um volume de homenagem à Professora, apresentar em co-autoria uma primeira abordagem ao trabalho que então discutimos.

MnFe2O4@CNT-N as novel electrochemical nanosensor for determination of caffeine, acetaminophen and ascorbic acid

For the first time, a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with novel N-doped carbon nanotubes (CNT-N) functionalized with MnFe2O4 nanoparticles (MnFe2O4@CNT-N) has been prepared and applied for the electrochemical determination of caffeine (CF), acetaminophen (AC) and ascorbic acid (AA). The electrochemical behaviour of CF, AC and AA on the bare GCE, CNT-N/GCE and MnFe2O4@CNT-N/GCE were carefully investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square-wave voltammetry (SWV). Compared to bare GCE and CNT-N modified electrode, the MnFe2O4@CNT-N modified electrode can remarkably improve the electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of CF, AC and AA with an increase in the anodic peak currents of 52%, 50% and 55%, respectively. Also, the SWV anodic peaks of these molecules could be distinguished from each other at the MnFe2O4@CNT-N modified electrode with enhanced oxidation currents. The linear response ranges for the square wave voltammetric determination of CF, AC and AA were 1.0 × 10−6 to 1.1 × 10−3 mol dm−3, 1.0 × 10−6 to 1.0 × 10−3 mol dm−3 and 2.0 × 10−6 to 1.0 × 10−4 mol dm−3 with detection limit (S/N = 3) of 0.83 × 10−6, 0.83 × 10−6 and 1.8 × 10−6 mol dm−3, respectively. The sensitivity values at the MnFe2O4@CNT-N/GCE for the individual determination of AC, AA and CF and in the presence of the other molecules showed that the quantification of AA and CF show no interferences from the other molecules; however, AA and CF interfered in the determination of AC, with the latter molecule showing the strongest interference. Nevertheless, the obtained results show that MnFe2O4@CNT-N composite material acted as an efficient electrochemical sensor towards the selected biomolecules.

Calcium signaling and the novel anti-proliferative effect of the UTP-sensitive P2Y11 receptor in rat cardiac myofibroblasts

During myocardial ischemia and reperfusion both purines and pyrimidines are released into the extracellular milieu, thus creating a signaling wave that propagates to neighboring cells via membrane-bound P2 purinoceptors activation. Cardiac fibroblasts (CF) are important players in heart remodeling, electrophysiological changes and hemodynamic alterations following myocardial infarction. Here, we investigated the role UTP on calcium signaling and proliferation of CF cultured from ventricles of adult rats. Co-expression of discoidin domain receptor 2 and -smooth muscle actin indicate that cultured CF are activated myofibroblasts. Intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) signals were monitored in cells loaded with Fluo-4 NW. CF proliferation was evaluated by the MTT assay. UTP and the selective P2Y4 agonist, MRS4062, caused a fast desensitizing [Ca2+]i rise originated from thapsigargin-sensitive internal stores, which partially declined to a plateau providing the existence of Ca2+ in the extracellular fluid. The biphasic [Ca2+]i response to UTP was attenuated respectively by P2Y4 blockers, like reactive blue-2 and suramin, and by the P2Y11 antagonist, NF340. UTP and the P2Y2 receptor agonist MRS2768 increased, whereas the selective P2Y11 agonist NF546 decreased, CF growth; MRS4062 was ineffective. Blockage of the P2Y11receptor or its coupling to adenylate cyclase boosted UTP-induced CF proliferation. Confocal microscopy and Western blot analysis confirmed the presence of P2Y2, P2Y4 and P2Y11 receptors. Data indicate that besides P2Y4 and P2Y2 receptors which are responsible for UTP-induced [Ca2+]i transients and growth of CF, respectively, synchronous activation of the previously unrecognized P2Y11 receptor may represent an important target for anti-fibrotic intervention in cardiac remodeling.

A escola e a guerra

A motiva��ão principal que nos levou a participar nos Encontros Interdisciplinares deve-se, por um lado, ao facto de constituir um desafio para pensarmos a rela��ão Escola/Guerra; e, por outro lado, ao facto de termos consciência que, nas últmias décadas, há milhões de crianças vítimas de guerra (deslocadas, abandonadas, raptadas, violadas e mesmo armadas como soldados). Começámos for formular três questões. A primeira questão: Qual o lugar da guerra (ou da paz) no currículo? Para responder à questão, consultámos as Enciclopédias Curriculares (cf A. Lewy, 1991)' onde enconfrámos, a partir da década de noventa, novas disciplinas (ex., educa��ão sexual, educa��ão para o consumo e ecologia...).2 Consultámos, também, Projectos Europeus^ e manuais escolares.