A comparative study of internationalization potential for Italian SMEs in the fashion industry in Brazil and Russia

Este estudo tem como objetivo desenvolver uma an��lise comparativa do potencial de internacionaliza����o na R��ssia e no Brasil para as PME italianas que operam na ind��stria da moda. Depois de apresentar ao leitor as principais ��reas cobertas, tais como, o contexto, a metodologia e revis��o da literatura, �� fornecido um panorama macroecon��mico das ��reas geogr��ficas composto, englobando um estudo espec��fico sobre o estado atual da economia e da demanda para os bens italianos. O estudo, introduzindo o leitor na ind��stria de moda italiana, suas principais caracter��sticas e o desempenho atual, j�� evidencia a busca pela internacionaliza����o. As conclus��es decorrentes das an��lises macroecon��micas funcionam como introdu����o �� vis��o geral da ind��stria de moda italiana, uma ind��stria que representa, fortemente, o "Made in Italy" no exterior. A breve an��lise da hist��ria desta ind��stria, principais caracter��sticas e situa����o atual ir��o, ent��o, sugerir que a internacionaliza����o �� o caminho mais vi��vel ��s PME, para se recuperarem dos anos turbulentos da crise. Entre o vasto conjunto de op����es geogr��ficas que as PME t��m para abra��ar internacionaliza����o, este estudo tem como objetivo fornecer duas an��lises sobre a ind��stria da moda: o mercado russo e o brasileiro. A an��lise, com base no quadro de capacidade de ���resposta internacional��� proposto por Bartlet e Ghoshal (1989), apresenta os resultados de um conjunto de pesquisas e entrevistas realizadas no Brasil, na It��lia e na R��ssia, sob a forma de uma an��lise comparativa dos dois mercados-alvo. A an��lise evidenciar�� os drivers de mercado, custo, competitividade e legisla����o que justificam o processo de internacionaliza����o em ambos os mercados. Os resultados levam �� conclus��o e ��s recomenda����es que os dois mercados representam duas oportunidades muito diferentes para as PME da ind��stria da moda italiana.

Cultures at work: the case of italian expatriates in Brazil

Esta tese de mestrado tem por inten����o entender quais s��o as mais importantes diferen��as culturais para os expatriados Italianos que trabalham no Brasil e aprender as implica����es pr��ticas para o ambiente de trabalho. O m��todo utilizado foi qualitativo, com 23 entrevistas em profundidade com expatriados italianos de n��vel m��dio ate top management, com experi��ncia de trabalho no Brasil. Os resultados indicam que os expatriados Italianos experimentam dificuldades com as diferen��as em termos de comunica����o, distin����o entre as esfera profissional e privada, distancia do poder e planejamento. Em contrapartida, outros fatores como a discrimina����o positiva para os estrangeiros, diferen��as em geneder equality e masculinidade, assim como com a atitude positiva dos workplaces e uma economia em crescimento, todos influenciam de maneira positiva a experi��ncia do expatriado. Enfim, algumas sugest��es pr��ticas sobre os efeitos das diferen��as culturais e sobre a estrutura����o de um poss��vel cross-cultural training s��o expostas.

Economic traits and performance of Italian quails reared at different cage stocking densities

This study assessed the effect of different cage stocking densities on the performance of Italian quails in the laying period. Two hundred and sixty four quails with 30 weeks of age and 280g mean body weight were used. Birds were randomly assigned to 96 x 33 x 16 cm cages and distributed in a randomized block design with 4 treatments (12, 15, 18 and 21 quails per cage or 264, 211, 176 and 151 cm�� per quail, respectively) and 4 replicates. Birds were given feed and water ad libitum and submitted to the same experimental conditions. The experimental diet was formulated based on NRC (1994) recommendations. There were no significant differences among treatments for feed conversion per egg mass (kg:kg), percentage of broken eggs and mortality. There was a linear reduction (p<0.05) in egg weight, feed consumption, percentage of production, egg mass and feed conversion per dozen with the increase in stocking density. The gain per house per day was better at the cage density of 151 cm�� per bird. However, the density of 211 cm�� per bird provided the best gain per bird per day, because this stocking density had better productive indexes when compared with the other treatments.

Thermoregulation in colonies of africanized and hybrids with Caucasian, Italian and Carniolan Apis mellifera honey bees

Funda����o de Amparo �� Pesquisa do Estado de S��o Paulo (FAPESP)

Number of ovarioles in workers descendent from crossings between Africanized and Italian honeybees, Apis mellifera L.: comparison among backcrosses and ancestors colonies

Comparou-se o n��mero de ovar��olos de oper��rias de abelhas Apis mellifera L. de 36 col��nias de retrocruzamentos (Africanizadas e Italianas) e oper��rias de col��nias ancestrais parentais, endocruzadas e h��bridas (F1). N��o houve diferen��a no n��mero de ovar��olos dos ov��rios direito e esquerdo das oper��rias. As abelhas h��bridas da gera����o F1 apresentaram de 2 a 31 ovar��olos. O n��mero de ovar��olos nas oper��rias dos retrocruzamentos africanizados variou de 2 a 56 e nos retrocruzamentos italianos de 2 a 117. A grande varia����o no n��mero de ovar��olos das abelhas dos retrocruzamentos deveu-se a variabilidade observada na gera����o parental (abelhas africanizadas: 2 - 16; italianas: 6 - 26) e no F1 (2 - 31).

Socialists vs. fascists and communists in Italian S��o Paulo in the 1920s

The action of S��o Paulo's Italian reformist socialists at the beginning of the 20th century had a political impact on the way of considering the question of democracy both in the state of S��o Paulo and the whole of Brazil. In fact not only did the socialists oppose the fascist political project and the symbolic roots of its aggressive behavior, but they also faced the opposition of the theoretical proposals coming from other leftist groups. This article intends to present the main interlocutors of these socialists and understand how this theoretical dispute has developed.

Health related quality of life measure in systemic pediatric rheumatic diseases and its translation to different languages: an international collaboration

Background: Rheumatic diseases in children are associated with significant morbidity and poor health-related quality of life (HRQOL). There is no health-related quality of life (HRQOL) scale available specifically for children with less common rheumatic diseases. These diseases share several features with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) such as their chronic episodic nature, multi-systemic involvement, and the need for immunosuppressive medications. HRQOL scale developed for pediatric SLE will likely be applicable to children with systemic inflammatory diseases.Findings: We adapted Simple Measure of Impact of Lupus Erythematosus in Youngsters (SMILEY (c)) to Simple Measure of Impact of Illness in Youngsters (SMILY (c)-Illness) and had it reviewed by pediatric rheumatologists for its appropriateness and cultural suitability. We tested SMILY (c)-Illness in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases and then translated it into 28 languages. Nineteen children (79% female, n= 15) and 17 parents participated. The mean age was 12 +/- 4 years, with median disease duration of 21 months (1-172 months). We translated SMILY (c)-Illness into the following 28 languages: Danish, Dutch, French (France), English (UK), German (Germany), German (Austria), German (Switzerland), Hebrew, Italian, Portuguese (Brazil), Slovene, Spanish (USA and Puerto Rico), Spanish (Spain), Spanish (Argentina), Spanish (Mexico), Spanish (Venezuela), Turkish, Afrikaans, Arabic (Saudi Arabia), Arabic (Egypt), Czech, Greek, Hindi, Hungarian, Japanese, Romanian, Serbian and Xhosa.Conclusion: SMILY (c)-Illness is a brief, easy to administer and score HRQOL scale for children with systemic rheumatic diseases. It is suitable for use across different age groups and literacy levels. SMILY (c)-Illness with its available translations may be used as useful adjuncts to clinical practice and research.

A Culture of Relationships: Early Care for Italian and American Children

A culture of childhood is a shared vision ��� an agreed upon vision ��� of the needs and rights of children, including ideas about how the people of the community can collectively nurture them and at the same time be renewed by them. In other words, it is a set of values, beliefs, and practices that people have created to guide their way of nurturing young children and their families. The vision is about investing in young children and investing in the supports and relationships that children need to learn and grow, both for the reason that children carry our future and because they carry our hopes and dreams for the future. These hopes and dreams begin with birth. Sensitive, emotionally available parents create the framework for interaction with their children by responding to the baby���s cues, engaging the baby in mutual gazes, and imitating the baby. The baby, born with a primary ability to share emotions with other human beings eagerly joins the relationship dance. The intimate family circle soon widens. Providers, teachers, and directors of early childhood programs become significant figures in children���s lives���implicit or explicit partners in a "relationship dance" (Edwards & Raikes, 2002). These close relationships are believed to be critical to healthy intellectual, emotional, social, and physical development in childhood and adolescence as well. These conclusions have been documented by diverse fields of science, ranging from cognitive science to communication studies and social and personality psychology. Close relationships contribute to security and trust, promote skill development and understanding, nurture healthy physical growth, infuse developing self-understanding and self-confidence, enable self-control and emotion regulation, and strengthen emotional connections with others that contribute to prosocial motivation (Dunn, 1993; Fogel, 1993; Thompson, 1996). Furthermore, many studies showing how relationship dysfunction is linked to child abuse and neglect, aggression, criminality, and other problems involving the lack of significant human connections (Shankoff & Meisels, 2000). In extending the dance of primary relationships to new relationships, a childcare teacher can play a primary role. The teacher makes the space ready--creating a beautiful place that causes everyone to feel like dancing. Gradually, as the dance between them becomes smooth and familiar, the teacher encourages the baby to try out more complex steps and learn how to dance to new compositions, beats, and tempos. As the baby alternates dancing sometimes with one or two partners, sometimes with many, the dance itself becomes a story about who the child has been and who the child is becoming, a reciprocal self created through close relationships.

Physical and psychosocial risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders in Brazilian and Italian nurses

As part of the international CUPID investigation, we compared physical and psychosocial risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders among nurses in Brazil and Italy. Using questionnaires, we collected information on musculoskeletal disorders and potential risk factors from 751 nurses employed in public hospitals. By fitting country-specific multiple logistic regression models, we investigated the association of stressful physical activities and psychosocial characteristics with site-specific and multisite pain, and associated sickness absence. We found no clear relationship between low back pain and occupational lifting, but neck and shoulder pain were more common among nurses who reported prolonged work with the arms in an elevated position. After adjustment for potential confounding variables, pain in the low back, neck and shoulder, multisite pain, and sickness absence were all associated with somatizing tendency in both countries. Our findings support a role of somatizing tendency in predisposition to musculoskeletal disorders, acting as an important mediator of the individual response to triggering exposures, such as work-load.

Guidelines for the Brazilian ceramic sector strategic development, based on a comparison with the Italian market

Based on a structured literature review, the ceramic tiles sector of Italy (benchmark) and Brazil (2nd world producer and consumer) are compared, under four strategic factors: normative, market, technology and strategic management, in order to identify critical risks for a national strategic sector. The document aims to propose guidelines for a strategic re-planning of the Brazilian ceramic tiles sector, making the Brazilian producers aware of the national market fragility (in spite of its recent remarkable evolution) and helping the policy makers to reflect on the need of reviewing the strategic planning methods and practice, of designing new targeted programs (based on coherence between operation and business strategies), of providing improved management to strengthen the sector against unfair competition by low-cost producers, enhancing the necessary infrastructure in technology, work, marketing and quality management. The analysis is limited to the single-firing production technology. The wide-coverage strategic analysis of the Brazilian ceramic tiles sector, very little studied until now in a scientific way, emphasizes the importance of applying research methodology and may be valuable to both scholars and practitioners. Additionally, it highlights the need of investments in innovation (product design and production technology) and the fundamental role of the sector organization, identifying different dimensions. It is possible to conclude that the recent Brazilian production growth is not due to a natural strengthening because of the hit of the sector and of correct enterprises strategy, but it seems the result of a temporary and favorable economic contingency.

Ingl��s : 850 palabras b��sicas en espa��ol = Category: basic english 850 words

[ES] Glosario de las 850 palabras m��s usadas en ingl��s

Rugby, self-efficacy and prosocial behaviour: evidence from the italian "rugby project for schools"

[EN] This study examined the effectiveness of a school-based rugby introductory training course (���Rugby Project For Schools���) in a sample of one hundred and three Italian adolescents, sixty-three attending the program (rugby group), and forty not taking part in the project (control group).