甘、青两省春小麦遗传多样性演变

对甘、青两省自20世纪40年代以来生产上曾磊面积应用的200多个春小麦地方品种和育成品种资料进行了分析。结果表明，19个形态性状、5个农艺性状和2个品质性状都存在着广泛的遗传多样.蟾能成品种农艺性状和品质性状的遗传多样性总体上大于地方品种，但是从20世纪60年代开展春小麦杂交育种工作之后，育成品种形态性状、农艺性状和品质性状遗传多样性呈下降趋势。评价育种对小麦遗传多样性的影响，不能只将地方品种和育成品种的遗传多样性作一简单比较就得出结论，而是应该在遗传多样性演变的动态过程中去研究。

Effect of imitated global warming on Delta C-13 values in seven plant species growing in Tibet alpine meadows

Open-top chambers were used to estimate the possible effects of global warming on delta C-13 of seven plant species grown in alpine meadow ecosystem. The delta C-13 values of plant species were lower after long-term growth in open-top chambers. In the course of experiment, temperature significantly increased inside the chambers by 4 degrees C. Plant species grown at a lower elevation above sea level had higher delta C-13 values as compared to those grown at a higher elevation. This was in accordance with the effect of open-top chamber on delta C-13 values in plants. Greater availability of CO2 and lower water vapor as indicated by an increase in discrimination against (CO2)-C-13, probably result in more negative delta C-13 values of plants because higher stomatal conductance increases availability of CO2 and causes greater discrimination against (CO2)-C-13. The plant species studied could be the indicator species for testing global warming by the change in carbon isotope ratios at the two growth temperatures.

基于PC平台的机器人控制设计与实现

本文首先回顾了机器人控制器的发展历史,重点介绍了我们承担的国家八六三课题“基于PC高档机器人控制器开发”的研制情况.该控制器具有开放、模块化、可靠、高效、通用的特点.

芙蓉锡矿田骑田岭花岗岩黑云母矿物化学组成及其对锡成矿的指示意义

芙蓉锡矿田骑田岭复式岩体主要由早阶段角闪石黑云母花岗岩和晚阶段黑云母花岗岩组成.电子探针分析结果表明角闪石黑云母花岗岩中的黑云母属于铁黑云母,黑云母花岗岩中的黑云母属于铁叶云母.相对于黑云母花岗岩,角闪石黑云母花岗岩中黑云母的MgO、TiO2含量偏高,Al2O3含量偏低.矿物化学研究结果显示,角闪石黑云母花岗岩中黑云母的结晶温度、氧逸度(logfO2)分别为680℃～740℃、-16.00～-15.31,黑云母花岗岩中黑云母的结晶温度、氧逸度分别为530℃～650℃、-19.20～-17.50.从角闪石黑云母花岗岩到黑云母花岗岩,岩浆结晶温度和氧逸度逐渐降低.与花岗岩有关的共存流体性质的研究发现,与角闪石黑云母花岗岩共存的热液流体log(fH2O/fHF)fluid,log(fH2O/fHCl)fluid,log(fHF/fHCl)fiuid值分别为4.22～4.39,2.78～3.24,-1.82～-1.73,而与黑云母花岗岩共存的热液流体log(fH2O/fHF)fluid,log(fH2OfHCl)fluid,log(fHF/fHCl)fluid值分别为3.27～3.53,2.85～3.22,-0.75～-0.22,可见与两种岩石类型共存热液流体的性质存在明显差异,且热液中Cl、Sn含量变化与岩浆结晶分异指数呈正相关关系.骑田岭岩体从角闪石黑云母花岗岩到黑云母花岗岩,随着岩浆的演化.岩浆结晶期后分异出的热液流体向富Cl和Sn方向演化.芙蓉锡矿田的成矿流体应主要来源于黑云母花岗岩岩浆结晶期后分异出的岩浆热液.

富磷过铝质岩浆体系的实验研究

富磷过铝质岩浆是过铝质岩浆体系中的一个重要类型，它通常以富P，高ASI[铝饱和指数，Al2O3/(Na2O+K2O+CaO)摩尔比值]，贫Fe、Mg、Ca，强烈亏损REE、Th、Y，与稀有金属(W、Sn、Be、Nb、Ta)矿化具有成因联系为特征。富磷过铝质岩浆体系的性状及其演化的地球化学特征、岩浆液态分离、磷酸盐-硅酸盐矿物对平衡对熔体相中磷的制约以及富磷过铝质岩浆－热液体系中微量元素(包括REE)地球化学行为等科学问题尚未得到系统解决，目前更缺乏实验地球化学的直接证据。对上述科学问题的研究、探索，将有助于了解富磷过铝质岩浆体系形成和演化的地球化学特征，有助于揭示磷对微量元素(包括稀有、稀土元素)地球化学行为的影响，这对于理解过铝质岩浆体系成岩、成矿作用过程具有重要的理论和实际意义。 本文以天然钠长花岗岩为初始物，针对上述内容，开展了不同PTX条件下高温高压下实验研究，获得了如下重要认识： 1) 确定了100 MPa条件下磷对过铝质岩浆液相线温度的影响。随着体系中P2O5的含量增大，液相线温度由1.91 wt%P2O5的780 C降至4.83 wt%P2O5的760C、7.71 wt%P2O5的740 C，即体系中每增加1 wt%P2O5，液相线温度降低约7~10 C； 2) 不同PTX条件下的实验产物中均未见不混溶球粒结构、乳滴结构或流动构造，初步推断富磷过铝质岩浆体系中可能不存在单纯由磷引起的岩浆液态分离现象； 3) 锰铝榴石-磷灰石矿物平衡反应制约着形成过铝质初始岩浆中P2O5含量，熔体相中P2O5含量在750 C的0.47~0.80 wt%、830 C的0.35~2.26 wt%范围内。熔体相中的P2O5含量与ASI之间存在二次函数关系(P2O5 wt%=3.5×ASI2-11.3×ASI+9.5 )。锰铝榴石溶解，促使体系中Al2O3活度增大，含锰氟磷灰石的溶解及其端元磷灰石结晶之间的化学平衡，导致熔体相中P2O5的降低，很可能是熔体中P2O5随体系ASI增大而降低的机制。 4) 不同PTX条件下稀有金属元素(W、Sn、Be、Nb、Ta)在流体/熔体相间的分配系数(Dif/m)<<0.1，预示着W、Sn、Be、Nb、Ta强烈富集在富磷过铝质熔体相中。由此，可推测富P过铝质岩浆体系的演化晚期，不太可能分异出富含上述成矿元素的成矿流体。随着岩浆分异演化的进行，残余熔体相中最终导致绿柱石、锆石、锡石、铌钽矿物等矿物饱和结晶，形成有经济意义的花岗岩型或伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床。 5) 不同PTX条件下REE在流体/熔体间的分配系数(DREE)随REE的原子序数增大而逐渐降低，构成右倾的平滑曲线，不存在在Nd-Pm、Gd、Ho-Er处的拐点；Y与Ho在流体/熔体相间分配系数的比值(DY/DHo)约为1，不受体系温度、压力和P2O5含量变化的影响。上述实验结果揭示，富磷过铝质量岩浆演化至岩浆-热液过渡阶段，熔体-流体作用不会导致Y-Ho间的分异，不会引起REE间的分异，因此，富磷过铝质岩浆演化晚期的熔体-流体作用过程不可能是产生稀土“四分组”效应的根本机理。

Gas chromatographic enantiomer separation on single and mixed cyclodextrin derivative chiral stationary phases

Capillary gas chromatographic enantiomer separation of some polar compounds, including alpha-phenylethylamine, styrene oxide, pyrethroid insecticides and other carboxylates, was investigated on modified cyclodextrin (CD) chiral stationary phases. The chiral stationary phases studied included permethylated beta-CD (PMBCD), heptakis (2,6-di-O-butyl-3-O-butyryl)-beta-CD (DBBBCD), heptakis (2,6-di-O-nonyl-3-O-trifluoroacetyl)-beta-CD (DNTBCD), the mixture of PMBCD and DBBBCD, and the mixture of PMBCD and DNTBCD. On the mixed chiral stationary phases containing the mixtures of derivatized cyclodextrins, enantiomer separation was improved significantly for some compounds as compared to the single cyclodextrin derivative chiral stationary phases, and synergistic effects were observed for some compounds on the mixed cyclodextrin derivative chiral stationary phases.

What's 'Novel' About It? Substantial Equivalence, Precaution and Consumer Protection 1997-2004

Salmon, Naomi, 'What's 'Novel' About It? Substantial Equivalence, Precaution and Consumer Protection 1997-2004', Environmental Law Review, (2005), 7(2) pp.138-149 RAE2008

An assessment of the ability of the stay-green phenotype in Lolium species to provide an improved protein supply for ruminants

Kingston-Smith, A. H., Bollard, A. L., Humphreys, M. O,, Theodorou, M. K. (2002). An assessment of the ability of the stay-green phenotype in Lolium species to provide an improved protein supply for ruminants. Annals of Botany, 89(6), 731-740. Sponsorship: BBSRC/MAFF/Milk Development Council/Meat and Livestock Commission/Industry. RAE2008

Tierra, población y producción agrícola en América Latina y el Caribe

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A survey of teaching and assessment methods employed in UK higher education programmes for HCI course

A survey of teaching and assessment methods employed in UK Higher Education programmes for Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) courses was conducted in April 2003. The findings from this survey are presented, and conclusions drawn.