Study of the LED based light calibration system for neutron wall detector

The light calibration system is one of the key components of Neutron Wall detector. It is used to calibrate the electronics and to monitor the long-term stability of the detector modules. With the detaile investigations, a calibration system with high-power LED (3W) driven by the fast pulses has been carried out. It is also tested together with the detector module of the Neutron Wall and the result of the preliminary calibration demonstrates that it fulfills the needs. It's a new design proposal to the light calibration system of the fast scintillator detector.

GeV能区重离子碰撞中碎片的形成和核穿透效应

分析了从0.4至1.2GeV/u 的Ni+Ni和Pb+Pb重离子碰撞过程中的径向流，核穿透等动力学现象及其对碎片形成的影响，得出如下结果： 实验结果发现，从出射粒子的快度分布可以看出，越重的粒子产额越小，且较容易出现在弹靶核快度区域，并且系统越重越有利于碎片的形成。不同快度区间的出射粒子的平均质量数可以说明，碎片不仅来自于弹靶核的碎裂，同时“火球”区域的轻核子凝聚也是一重要来源，对于不同的系统和不同的入射能量，两者的贡献不同。在某一入射能量的某一碰撞系统，不同质量数的粒子的产额随质量数满足很好的指数下降的关系，其斜率随快度绝对值的变化与系统质量相关，……，说明重碎片可能来自弹靶核的碎裂，而随着系统质量的增加，“火球”区域的轻核子凝聚变得越来越重要。 根据冲击波模型假设的出射粒子的平均动能随粒子的质量数的线性变化关系，提取出径向流，发现径向流随入射能量的增高而增高，并且系统越重，径向流越明显。并且发现出射粒子的横向快度分布比纵向快度分布窄，说明碰撞过程中存在部分穿透，并且穿透对系统的大小和入射能量有很强的依赖关系，经“Vartl”定量的描述，发现随着入射能量升高系统的变轻，穿透现象越明显，并且发现径向流与核阻止有很明显的关联关系。 经过理论结果与实验结果的对比，可以发现例如径向流、核穿透等动力学因素对碎片的形成有很明显的影响。同时为提取核物质状态方程（EOS）提供了有用的数据

北方稻田蒸散需水分析及其作物系数确定

利用PenmanMonteith方程估算了中国北方下辽河平原地区52年(1951～2002)的潜在蒸散量,分析了潜在蒸散的年际动态变化规律;在中国科学院沈阳生态实验站的水田实验地上,利用非称重式蒸渗仪对充分供水条件下同一水稻品种稻田蒸散量进行了测定,在此基础上确定了水稻作物系数.结果表明,在北方下辽河平原地区稻田蒸散量变化在581～695mm之间,年际变率为24%.无论是湿润年还是干旱年,由于受降雨量及其时间分配不均的影响,在该地区水稻生产中都需要有灌溉水补充.整个生育期水稻作物系数多年(1993～2002)平均值为132,水稻生育期内作物系数基本符合二次曲线趋势变化.

东北黑土土壤磷的纬向分异

以中国东北的中纬度黑土区为样带,研究了有机磷浓度与有机质、全氮浓度的关系;全磷、有机磷、无机磷及有机磷和无机磷的比率与纬度分布的关系。结果表明,有机磷和有机质、全氮浓度具有良好的相关性,它们之间的相关系数分别为0.90和0.92,呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。全磷、有机磷、无机磷、Po/Pi在纬度上都存在不同程度的分异规律,即随着纬度的升高,其浓度或比率均有逐渐升高的趋势;其相关系数分别为0.68、0.77、0.26和0.60,相关分析表明,这些纬向分异规律都达极显著水平(P<0.01)。除了无机磷的纬向分异原因尚不明确之外,其他纬向分异的原因可能是由于黑土南北样带气候热量上的差异和人类活动的影响所致,从而造成南北样带之间有机质的矿化程度和速率产生差异。

不同植被对土壤侵蚀及铜元素流失的影响

通过野外天然降雨产流及人工模拟降雨试验,研究不同植被对坡面土壤侵蚀及土壤铜元素流失的影响及降雨过程中铜元素的流失规律。结果表明:(1)紫花苜蓿、绿豆、荒草3种植被覆盖小区的年径流量为5183.8,5 366.2,3 867.3 m~3/km~2,比裸地减少33%,30.8%和50.1%;侵蚀模数为379.18.482.3,15.78 t/km~2,比裸地减少34.7%,16.4%和97.2%;全年全铜流失量为12.9,25.5,0.46 kg/km~2,有效铜流失量为6.22,11.01,0.15 kg/ km~2,分别比裸地减少67.3%,35.3%,98.8%和54.6%,19.6%,98.9%;(2)在模拟降雨过程中,农地小区的产流产沙强度过程呈现波动上升趋势,产沙过程波动较产流过程剧烈。铜元素流失强度过程与产流产沙强度过程相似,但其峰值多于产流产沙过程,且最高峰出现时间不同。有效铜流失强度变化率略高于全铜。

氯苯胁迫对蚕豆幼苗生长和细胞分裂的影响

研究了 1,2 ,4 三氯苯 (TCB)对蚕豆幼苗生长、根尖细胞分裂及染色体畸变的影响 .结果表明 ,随TCB浓度增加和处理时间延长 ,蚕豆幼苗根长的生长及根尖细胞有丝分裂指数降低甚至停止 .TCB诱发蚕豆根尖细胞有丝分裂过程中染色体数目畸变和结构畸变 .5 0～ 10 0 μg·g-1TCB胁迫 12～ 2 4h ,蚕豆根尖染色体的主要损伤形式为c 有丝分裂、染色体桥和不均匀排列 ,其出现百分率达 1.0 %～ 10 .3 % .30 0 μg·g-1TCB胁迫 12～ 96h ,蚕豆根尖细胞中染色体粘连 (S)、S +染色体断裂 (S +B)、S +染色体环 (S +R)、S +染色体不均匀排列 (S +A)及S +染色体桥 (S +Be)出现的百分率达 47.9%～ 88.9% ,各种类型染色体断裂出现的百分率仅为 18.1%～ 2 9.6 % ,说明蚕豆根尖细胞染色体畸变分析可作为TCB土壤污染监测的敏感生物监测指标 .

植物源杀虫剂与林木的关系

利用天然植物研制无公害的植物杀虫剂,是当前研究的一个热点。植物源杀虫剂与林木之间关系密切,即许多林木植物可以作为植物源杀虫剂杀虫成分的来源,而许多植物源杀虫剂又可以用于林木害虫的防治。只有加大植物源杀虫剂间接利用的投入和研究,才能做到真正意义上农林业的可持续发展。

Host-sensitized luminescence of Dy3+, Pr3+, Tb3+ in polycrystalline SrIn2O4 for field emission displays

SrIn2O4:Dy3+/Pr3+/Tb3+ white/red/green phosphors were prepared by the Pechini sol-gel process. X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), diffuse reflectance, photoluminescence, cathodoluminescence spectra, and lifetimes were utilized to characterize the samples. XRD reveal that the samples begin to crystallize at 800 degrees C and pure SrIn2O4 phase can be obtained at 900 degrees C. FE-SEM images indicate that the SrIn2O4:Dy3+, SrIn2O4:Pr3+, and SrIn2O4:Tb3+ samples consist of fine and spherical grains with size around 200-400 nm. Under the excitation of ultraviolet light and low-voltage electron beams (1 - 5 kV), the SrIn2O4:Dy3+, SrIn2O4: Pr3+, and SrIn2O4: Tb3+ phosphors show the characteristic emissions of Dy3+ (F-4(9/2) - H-6(15/2) at 492 nm and 4F(9/2) - 6H(13/2) at 581 nm, near white), Pr3+ (P-3(0) - H-3(4) at 493 nm, D-1(2) - H-3(4) at 606 nm, and P-3(0) - H-3(6) at 617 nm, red) and Tb3+ (D-5(4) - F-7(6,5,4,3) transitions dominated by D-5(4) - F-7(5) at 544 nm, green), respectively. All of the luminescence resulted from an efficient energy transfer from the SrIn2O4 host lattice to the doped Dy3+, Pr3+, and Tb3+ ions, and the luminescence mechanisms have been proposed.

Synthesis of Arm-6 polystyrene by atom transfer radical polymerization

A new initiator for atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), (Cl-2 HCCOO)(3) -C-6 H-3, (TrDCAP),has been designed and successfully synthesized. ATRP of styrene was carried out by using TrDCAP as hexafunctional initiator and the CuCl/bpy catalyst at 130 degrees C in 30% THF via core-first strategy. The Arm-6 PS-AAP was synthesized by etherealization of Arm-6 PS and 4-(4'-methoxyphenylazomethine) phenol (AAP). The initiator and the architectures of the Arm-6 PS were confirmed by H-1-NMR, FT-IR, UV-Vis and GPC.

Highly efficient green-emitting phosphorescent iridium dendrimers based on carbazole dendrons

Green-emitting iridium dendrimers with rigid hole-transporting carbazole dendrons are designed, synthesized, and investigated. With second-generation dendrons, the photoluminescence quantum yield of the dendrimers is up to 87% in solution and 45% in a film. High-quality films of the dendrimers are fabricated by spin-coating, producing highly efficient. non-doped electrophosphorescent organic light-ernitting diodes (OLEDs). With a device structure of indium tin oxide/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiopheiie):poly(styrene sulfonic acid)/neat dendrimer/1,3,5-tris(2-N-phenylbenzimidazolyl)benzene/LiF/Al, a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 10.3% and a maximum luminous efficiency of 34.7 cd A(-1) are realized. By doping the dendrimers into a carbazole-based host, the maximum EQE can be further increased to 16.6%. The integration of rigid hole-transporting dendrons and phosphorescent complexes provides a new route to design highly efficient solution-processable dendrimers for OLED applications.

A two-dimensional molybdenum (V) phosphate with covalently bonded transition metal coordination complexes: hydrothermal synthesis and structure characterization of Na-2[{Mn(phen)(2)(H2O)}{Mn(phen)(2)}(3){Mn (Mo12O24)-O-V (HPO4)(6)(PO4)(2)(OH)(6)}] center dot 4H(2)O (phen=1,10-phenanthroline)

An organic-inorganic hybrid molybdenum phosphate, Na-2[{Mn(phen)(2)(H2O)} {Mn(phen)(2)}(3){(MnMo12O24)-O-v (HPO4)(6)(PO4)(2) (OH)(6)}] . 4H(2)O (phen=1,10-phenanthroline), involving molybdenum present in V oxidation state and covalently bonded transition metal coordination complexes, has been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Deep brown-red crystals are formed in the triclinic system, space group P (1) over bar, a=16.581(l)Angstrom, b=18.354(1)Angstrom, c=24.485(2)Angstrom, alpha=80.589(l)degrees, beta=71.279(1)degrees, gamma=67.084(1)degrees, V=6493.8(8)Angstrom(3), Z=2, lambda(MoKalpha)=0.71073Angstrom (R(F)=0.0686 for 29,053 reflections). Data were collected on a Bruker Smart Apex CCD diffractometer at 293 K in the range of 1.76 < theta < 28.06degrees using omega-2theta scans technique. The structure of the title compound may be considered to be based on {Mo6O12(HPO4)(3)(PO4)(OH)(3)} units bonded together with {Mn(phen)(2)} subunits into a two-dimensional network. Two types of tunnels are observed in the solid of the title compound.

Dynamic mechanical studies of the sulfonated butyl rubber ionomers and their blends

Dynamic mechanical properties of sulfonated butyl rubber ionomers neutralized with different amine or metallic ion (zinc or barium) and their blends with polypropylene (PP), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), or styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) triblock copolymer were studied using viscoelastometry. The results showed that glass transition temperatures of ion pair-containing matrix and ionic domains (T-g1 and T-g2, respectively) of amine-neutralized ionomers were lower than those of ionomers neutralized with metallic ions, and the temperature range of the rubbery plateau on the storage modulus plot for amine-neutralized ionomers was narrower. The modulus of the rubbery plateau for amine-neutralized ionomers was lower than that of ionomers neutralized with zinc or barium ion. With increasing size of the amine, the temperature range for the rubbery plateau decreased, and the height of the loss peak at higher temperature increased. Dynamic mechanical properties of blends of the zinc ionomer with PP or HDPE showed that, with decreasing ionomer content, the T-m of PP or HDPE increased and T-g1 decreased, whereas T-g2 or the upper loss peak temperature changed only slightly. The T-g1 for the blend with SBS also decreased with decreasing ionomer content. The decrease of T-g1 is attributed to the enhanced compatibilization of the matrix of the ionomer-containing ion pairs with amorphous regions of PP or HDPE or the continuous phase of SBS due to the formation of thermoplastic interpenetrating polymer networks by ionic domains and crystalline or glassy domains.

C-13 NMR study on the aqueous structure of lanthanide citrate complexes

The aqueous complexation of lanthanide complexes of citrate in pH 7.4 solutions has been studied by using lanthanide-induced shift and relaxation times measurement methods. These results indicate that citrate coordinate via 3-hydroxyl and 3-carboxylate groups with lanthanide ions and form 1:2 (Ln/cit) isostructural complexes through lanthanide series. We suggest a new coordination geometry which is different from that described in literature.