氮化H_2-O_2合成薄栅氧抗辐照特性

于2010-11-23批量导入

古油松年轮记录的沈阳地区300年来的气候变化

本研究通过对沈阳清•昭陵、清•福陵和千山风景区树木年轮气候学考察和取样，共采集了103株古油松样本的树芯和轮盘。依据树木年轮气候学研究的规范做法建立了3地区的STD, RES, ARS三种类型的树轮宽度年表9个。并分析了不同采样点树木年轮所反映的气候信息，在此基础上重建了该区域近300年来的气候变化，开展了区域以及全球气候变化对比研究，以探讨沈阳地区近300年来气候变化的特点、规律和机制： （1）古油松年表与冬季和初春低温的关系较明显，1月的低温最显著，3种年表与冬季、春季和秋季的降水量的相关性均较显著。水汽压、相对湿度在入冬前、生长后期和易发生春旱的5-6月份对年轮宽度的影响表现突出。蒸发是上年全年、当年全年和当年绝大部分月份对油松生长起负效应的因素，其中5月最明显，但1、2月的蒸发量与油松当年的年轮宽度表现出正相关。油松年表的窄轮和窄化突变佐证了1650年以来的35次主要的旱灾年历史记录和59次干旱记录。 （2）本研究成功地检验了沈阳地区古油松年轮宽度年表对太阳活动，地磁活动，太平洋十年震荡和全球气温变化的响应。年轮宽度与这些影响因子均存在共同的周期变化和显著的线性关系。其中，年轮宽度对过去太阳活动和地磁的活动呈明显负相关关系，而且是多种抑、促效应的复合。所有结果表明沈阳城市古油松适于监测极度的诸如El Niño (La Niña)事件的全球环境变化和区域环境异常。 （3）本研究重建了沈阳地区1710-2004年12-1月的极端最低温，并指出其主要低温波动期，高温波动期；重建了沈阳地区1780-2004年1-6月的降水量，并统计了降水量反映的偏湿年份,，偏干年份；同时，分别重建了沈阳地区1780-2004年的年均水汽压、年蒸发量和年均相对湿度，并指出各重建结果所表征的旱涝年份。

Combined study of gamma p ->eta p and pi(-)p ->eta n in a chiral constituent quark approach

Within a chiral constituent quark model approach, η-meson production on the proton via electromagnetic and hadron probes is studied. With few parameters, the differential cross section and polarized beam asymmetry for γp → ηp and differential cross section for π − p → ηn processes are calculated and successfully compared with the data in the center-of-mass energy range from threshold up to 2 GeV. The five known resonances S11(1535), S11(1650), P13(1720),D13(1520), and F15(1680) are found to be dominant in the reaction mechanisms in both channels. Possible roles played by new resonances are also investigated; and in the photoproduction channel, significant contribution from S11 and D15 resonances, with masses around 1715 and 2090 MeV, respectively, are deduced. For the so-called missing resonances, no evidence is found within the investigated reactions. The helicity amplitudes and decay widths of N ∗ → πN, ηN are also presented and found to be consistent with the Particle Data Group values.

eta-production on the proton via electromagnetic and hadronic probes

The reactions pi(-)p -> eta n and gamma p -> eta p are investigated within a dynamical coupled-channels model of meson production reactions in the nucleon resonance region The meson-baryon channels included are pi N, pi Delta, sigma N, and rho N The direct eta-photoproduction process is studied within a formalism based on a chiral constituent quark model approach, complemented with a one-gluon-exchange mechanism, to take into account the breakdown of the SU(6)circle times O(3) symmetry In the models search, the following known nucleon resonances are embodied S-11(1535), S-11(1650), P-11(1440), P-11(1710), P-13(1720), D-13(1520), D-13(1700), D-15(1675), and F-15(1680). Data for the pi(-)p -> eta n reaction from threshold up to a total center-of-mass energy of W approximate to 2 GeV are satisfactorily reproduced For the photoproduction channel: two additional higher mass known resonances, P-13(1900) and F-15(2000), are also considered However, reproducing the data for gamma p -> eta p requires, within our approach, two new nucleon resonances, for which we extract, mass and width

Study of nucleon resonances in a chiral quark model via eta productions

In this report we investigate eta-meson productions oil the proton via electromagnetic and hadron probes in a chiral quark model approach. The observables, such as, differential cross section and beam asymmetry for the two productions are calculated and compared with the experiment. The five known resonances S-11(1535) S-11(1650); P-13(1720) D-13(1520), and F-15(1680) are found to be dominant in the reaction mech-anisms in both channels. Significant, contribution from a new S-11 resonances are deduced. For the so-called "missing resonances", no evidence is found within the investigated reactions. The partial wave amplitudes for pi(-)p -> eta n are also presented.

eta photoproduction on the proton in a chiral constituent quark approach via a one-gluon-exchange model

A formalism based on a chiral quark model (chi QM) approach complemented with a one-gluon-exchange model, to take into account the breakdown of the SU(6)circle times O(3) symmetry, is presented. The configuration mixing of wave functions for nucleon and resonances are derived. With few adjustable parameters, differential cross-section and polarized-beam asymmetry for the gamma p -> eta p process are calculated and successfully compared with the data in the center-of-mass energy range from threshold to 2 GeV. The known resonances S-11(1535), S-11(1650), P-13(1720), D-13(1520), and F-15(1680), as well as two new S-11 and D-15 resonances, are found to be dominant in the reaction mechanism. Moreover, connections among the scattering amplitudes of the chi QM approach and the helicity amplitudes, as well as decay widths of resonances, are established. Possible contributions from the so-called missing resonances are investigated and found to be negligible.

快重离子在聚苯乙烯中的辐照效应研究

本工作用兰州重离子加速器提供的2.1GeV的Kr离子分别在空气和真空条件下辐照了多层堆叠的聚苯乙烯薄膜样品，辐照剂量在5 * 10~(10)到3 * 10~(12)ions/cm~2之间，辐照温度在室温附近。辐照后对样品分别进行了傅立叶变换红外光谱和紫外可见光谱的测量，由此研究了快重离子辐照聚苯乙烯产生的物理和化学改性。实验结果表明，聚苯乙烯经Kr离子辐照后发生了降解，包括苯环在内的大部分官能团遭到破坏，相应特征峰的吸光度随辐照剂量和能损的增加而减小。与此同时，辐照还在1650-1750cm~(-1)之间和3300cm~(-1)处产生了新的吸收峰，其分别对应于C=O双键的分子振动和C≡C-H的C-H伸缩振动，表明辐照在聚苯乙烯中产生了炔基。实验发现产生炔基需要离子有足够高的电子能损值，在聚苯乙烯中该能损阈值约为1.0keV/nm。在材料经辐照发生降解的同时，样品的光吸收边界逐渐红移，并伴有透光率的下降。详细的测量显示，在紫外可见区材料吸光度的增加随剂量近似呈线性关系，随能损呈约二次方的指数关系。通过对2.1GeV的Kr离子和1.4GeV的Ar离子辐照结果的比较还发现，快重离子辐照产生的物理化学改性不仅与离子的能损有关，还与离子的速度有关。在同一能损条件下，速度越小，产生的效应就越大。文中用径向能量沉积密度和有效化学反应半径对上述结果进行分析讨论。

冻结数模型在中国东北多年冻土分区中的应用

基于1981—2000年间中国东北地区的气候要素和雪深数据,将冻结数模型应用于中国东北的多年冻土地区,研究了冻结数模型在东北多年冻土分区的可适用性.结果表明:中国东北地区的多年冻土以不连续多年冻土为主,其多年冻土区包括除岛状多年冻土以外的断续多年冻土(大块多年冻土)、岛状融区多年冻土(大块-岛状多年冻土)和山地多年冻土.对不同时期区划图进行比较,冻结数模型的模拟结果基本能够反映研究区当前多年冻土的分区状况.大兴安岭不连续多年冻土南界可向南延伸至阿尔山附近,其他山地多年冻土和小兴安岭伊春地区的多年冻土在模拟结果中也得到体现.

高山峡谷地区森林流域分布式降雨-径流模型的构建与验证

根据岷江上游杂谷脑河流域典型的高山峡谷地区主要水文特点,选择通用性较强的水文过程模式,构建高山峡谷地区森林流域分布式降雨-径流过程模型,避免过多复杂的区域性模型参数率定,保证模型在相似地区的可移植性;并选择杂谷脑水文站上游地区进行降雨-径流过程模拟,得到1999年和2000年模拟时段长度为1 000 h的两个径流过程,对模拟与实测的径流过程、累积径流量、洪峰流量与峰现时间等进行比较,其拟合效果较好.该模型结构简单,引入的经验参数较少,可推广应用到其它尺度流域.

沈阳福陵油松年轮宽度年表的建立

该文以沈阳福陵的油松为样本建立了油松年轮宽度年表(标准化年表、差值年表和自回归年表).分析表明:年表与冬季(上年11—2月)和初春(4—5月)低温的关系密切,其中与上年11月、1月的低温显著相关;年表与1、2月的降水量显著相关,还与1、9月的水汽压显著相关;上年10月—上年11月9、月、5—6月份的相对湿度对油松的影响突出;蒸发量对油松生长起显著的负效应,其中5月最明显,但1、2月的蒸发量与油松当年的年轮宽度正相关.油松年表的窄轮和窄化突变佐证了公元1650年以来的35次主要的旱灾年.油松年轮宽度年表和过去太阳活动、地磁的活动均存在共同的准周期变化.