Economic landscapes, what are they? an application to the Brazilian economy and to the sugar cane complex

In assessing the economic impact of a sector or group of sectors on a single or multiregional economy, input-output analysis has proven to be a popular method. . However, there has a problem in displaying all the information that can be obtained from this analytical approach. In this paper, we have tried to set new directions in the use of input-output analysis by presenting an improved way of looking at the economic landscapes. While this is not a new concept, a new meaning is explored in this paper; essentially, it will now be possible to visualize, in a simple picture, all the relations in the economy as well as being able to view how one sector is related to the other sectors/regions in the economy. These relations can be measured in terms of structural changes, production, value added, employment, imports, etc. While all the possibilities cannot be explored in this paper, the basic idea is given here and the smart reader can uncover all the various possibilities. To illustrate the power of analysis provided by the economic landscapes, an application is made to the sugar cane complex using an interregional inputoutput system for the Brazilian economy, constructed for 2 regions (Northeast and Rest of Brazil), for the years of 1985, 1992, and 1995.

An exploratory study on how to improve the economy of American Samoa

Deep in the South Pacific region about 2,300 miles southwest of the Hawaiian islands1 lies a United States territory that many Americans have never heard of nor known anything about. However, some famous Americans such as Troy Polamalu of the Pittsburgh Steelers, semi retired professional wrestler Dwayne “The Rock” Johnson, and Hawaii Congresswoman Tulsi Gabbard have genealogical roots there. More importantly, many of the Territory’s sons and daughters have served and lost their lives for the United States flag and the cause of freedom around the world. This place is called American Samoa, a collection of seven islands that if glued together would have a total landmass of approximately 76 square miles, just a tad bigger than the capital city of the United States. According to the United States Census Bureau, there were 55,519 residents of American Samoa in 2010.1 The majority of them are ethnic Samoans, a Polynesian sect that traces its history back to early migrants from Southeast Asia who settled the islands around 1500 B.C.2 3 The climate is warm all year long and the forests along the mountains are ripe with vegetation. The main island is Tutuila with its beautiful and coveted landlocked harbor that was used as a coaling station by the United States naval ships during World War II. In fact, it was the Pago Pago Harbor that diminished the impact of the 2009 Tsunami that devastated the Samoan islands by channeling the waters of the Pacific Ocean towards the end of the harbor instead of flooding many other villages surrounding the Pago Pago Bay area. Lives and property were destroyed near the end of the Harbor but it could have been worse for the entire Bay area. Locally grown foods include coconut, taro, banana, guava, sugar cane, papaya, yam, pineapple, and breadfruit. It is completely surrounded by the Pacific Ocean from which the locals obtain a variety of seafood. There is a popular saying in Samoa that goes, “In Samoa, it is impossible to starve 1 American Samoa Department of Commerce, 2012 Statistical Yearbook, http://www.doc.as/wpcontent/uploads/2011/06/2012-Statistical-Yearbook-1.pdf 2 U.S. Census Bureau News, U.S. Census Bureau Releases 2010 Census Population Counts for American Samoa, http://www.census.gov/2010census/news/releases/operations/cb11-cn177.html (Aug. 24, 2011). 3 3 J. Robert Shaffer, American Samoa: 100 Years Under the United States Flag (Honolulu, Hawaii: Island Heritage Publishing, 2000), 34. 4 because people live off of the land’s and the ocean’s abundant resources.” To the west of American Samoa lies a larger group of four islands that make up the Sovereign State of Samoa, which became independent from New Zealand in 1962. Samoa and American Samoa share the same language, culture, and religion but are divided by government and political systems. The focus of this study will be on American Samoa, which became a United States territory in 1900 when the principal chiefs of Tutuila (the largest island in American Samoa) ceded the islands to the United States.

Frente Popular, Modernização e Revolução Passiva no Chile

Discute-se, neste texto, o significado dos 14 anos de governos Radicais que se seguiram à vitória da Frente Popular em 1938. Neste período, o Chile conseguiu combinar crescimento econômico e democracia representativa, alcançando um grau nada desprezível de modernização. Ruptura e continuidade compõem o par indissolúvel do percurso modernizador vivido a partir da Frente Popular, quando se instituiu um novo nexo entre economia, política e relações sociais. O período é caracterizado como uma modalidade específica de revolução passiva, responsável pela atualização da ordem capitalista no país.

Swerves and skids by the Venezuelan economy

Includes bibliography

Política educacional: a pretendida participação popular?

Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC

Los parlamentos regionales en la integración de América del Sur: análisis de la percepción popular

Este artículo tiene por objeto discutir la percepción popular sobre el déficit democrático y la eficiencia de los parlamentos regionales en la integración regional, principalmente en los procesos del Mercosur y la Comunidad Andina. Por tanto, el trabajo busca revelar el impacto de la institucionalización de un parlamento regional en la percepción que la sociedad presenta sobre el proceso de integración. Analizando tres casos distintos: Parlandino, Parlasur y Parlamento Europeo, el trabajo busca comprender en qué medida la existencia de una representación política regional contribuiría a aumentar el grado de conocimiento y de interés de la población sobre el tema de la integración. Partimos del supuesto de que los parlamentarios tendrían un papel positivo en la democratización, y buscamos demostrarlo por medio de dos variables principales: las elecciones directas y su influencia en el proceso de toma de decisiones.

Promoción de la inclusión social a través de programas sociales : Los casos del 'Banco Popular de la Buena Fe' y 'Argentina trabaja'

Este trabajo indaga en clave comparativa las propuestas de inclusión social presentes en dos programas impulsados por el Ministerio de Desarrollo Social de la Nación: el 'Banco Popular de la Buena Fe' y el 'Argentina Trabaja'. El mismo se elaboró a partir de metodología cualitativa, especialmente a través del análisis de documentos ministeriales y de la observación participante en distintos contextos vinculados con su implementación en un municipio de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Ambos programas se asemejan en que buscan incluir a sus beneficiarios en el mercado de trabajo, aunque difieren en sus estrategias: mientras que el 'Banco Popular' impulsa el microemprendimiento, el programa 'Argentina Trabaja' propone involucrar a sus destinatarios en empresas cooperativas. A su vez, en su afán por diferenciarse de otros programas sociales promovidos por el Estado en etapas previas (principalmente en la década de los noventa), ambos intentan generar valores y prácticas enmarcadas dentro de la 'economía social'

Promoción de la inclusión social a través de programas sociales : Los casos del 'Banco Popular de la Buena Fe' y 'Argentina trabaja'

Este trabajo indaga en clave comparativa las propuestas de inclusión social presentes en dos programas impulsados por el Ministerio de Desarrollo Social de la Nación: el 'Banco Popular de la Buena Fe' y el 'Argentina Trabaja'. El mismo se elaboró a partir de metodología cualitativa, especialmente a través del análisis de documentos ministeriales y de la observación participante en distintos contextos vinculados con su implementación en un municipio de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Ambos programas se asemejan en que buscan incluir a sus beneficiarios en el mercado de trabajo, aunque difieren en sus estrategias: mientras que el 'Banco Popular' impulsa el microemprendimiento, el programa 'Argentina Trabaja' propone involucrar a sus destinatarios en empresas cooperativas. A su vez, en su afán por diferenciarse de otros programas sociales promovidos por el Estado en etapas previas (principalmente en la década de los noventa), ambos intentan generar valores y prácticas enmarcadas dentro de la 'economía social'

Promoción de la inclusión social a través de programas sociales : Los casos del 'Banco Popular de la Buena Fe' y 'Argentina trabaja'

Este trabajo indaga en clave comparativa las propuestas de inclusión social presentes en dos programas impulsados por el Ministerio de Desarrollo Social de la Nación: el 'Banco Popular de la Buena Fe' y el 'Argentina Trabaja'. El mismo se elaboró a partir de metodología cualitativa, especialmente a través del análisis de documentos ministeriales y de la observación participante en distintos contextos vinculados con su implementación en un municipio de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Ambos programas se asemejan en que buscan incluir a sus beneficiarios en el mercado de trabajo, aunque difieren en sus estrategias: mientras que el 'Banco Popular' impulsa el microemprendimiento, el programa 'Argentina Trabaja' propone involucrar a sus destinatarios en empresas cooperativas. A su vez, en su afán por diferenciarse de otros programas sociales promovidos por el Estado en etapas previas (principalmente en la década de los noventa), ambos intentan generar valores y prácticas enmarcadas dentro de la 'economía social'

From authoritarianism to upheaval : the political economy of the Syrian uprising and regime persistence

The ensuing bloodshed and deteriorating humanitarian crisis in Syria, the failure of the United Nations Security Council to reach a consensus on what action to take, and the involvement of contending external actors partially reflect the complexity of the current impasse. Despite the importance of regional and international factors, however, this papers attempts to argue that the domestic dynamics of the Syrian crisis have been vitally important in determining the course of the popular uprising and the regime’s response. In this, Syria’s crisis belongs with the Arab Spring the trajectories and prospects of which have been shaped by dynamics within regimes. It will be seen that the formal and informal institutional structure of the Ba‘thist regime in Syria has been critical to its resilience and ability to stay united so far while attempting to crush a peaceful popular uprising that turned into insurgency in the face of the regime’s violent crackdown.

Inquire within for anything you want to know, or, Over three thousand seven hundred facts worth knowing : particularly intended as a book for family reference on all subjects connected with domestic economy and containing the largest and most valuable collection of useful information that has ever yet been published : inquirers are referred to the index.

Includes index.

A helping hand for town and country : an American home book of practical and scientific information concerning house and lawn, garden and orchard, field, barn and stable, apiary and fish pond, workshop and dairy, and the many important interests pertaining to domestic economy and family health /

"The kitchen and dining-room" on p. 633-698 include cooking recipes.

Standard hand-book of household economy for the people : comprising plain directions for the management of a family, servants, lying-in room, nursery, sick-room, flower-garden, and household pets, and also, for the preparation and administration of remedies for disease /

Includes index.

The people's own book of recipes and information for the million : containing directions for the preservation of health, for the treatment of the sick and the conduct of the sick-room : with a full discussion of the more porminent diseases that afflict the human family, with full directions for their rational treatment : also, 1000 practical and useful recipes, embracing every department of domestic economy and human industry : with copious notes and emendations, explanatory and suggestive /

Recipes for domestic wines, cider, etc., on p. 306-315.

The political economy of inequality and growth: Essays on sovereign debt, democracy and saving

This dissertation addresses three issues in the political economy of growth literature. The first study empirically tests the hypothesis that income inequality influences the size of a country's sovereign debt for a sample of developing countries for the period 1970–1990. The argument examined is that governments tend to yield to popular pressures to engage in redistributive policies, partially financed by foreign borrowing. Facing increased risk of default, international creditors limit the credit they extend, with the result that borrowing countries invest less and grow at a slower pace. The findings do not seem to support the negative relationship between inequality and sovereign debt, as there is evidence of increases in multilateral, countercyclical flows until the mid 1980s in Latin America. The hypothesis would hold for the period 1983–1990. Debt flows and levels seem to be positively correlated with growth as expected. ^ The second study empirically investigates the hypothesis that pronounced levels of inequality lead to unconsolidated democracies. We test the existence of a nonmonotonic relationship between inequality and democracy for a sample of Latin American countries for the period 1970–2000, where democracy appears to consolidate at some intermediate level of inequality. We find that the nonmonotonic relationship holds using instrumental variables methods. Bolivia seems to be a case of unconsolidated democracy. The positive relationship between per capita income and democracy disappears once fixed effects are introduced. ^ The third study explores the nonlinear relationship between per capita income and private saving levels in Latin America. Several estimation methods are presented; however, only the estimation of a dynamic specification through a state-of-the-art general method of moments estimator yields consistent estimates with increased efficiency. Results support the hypothesis that income positively affects private saving, while system GMM reveals nonlinear effects at income levels that exceed the ones included in this sample for the period 1960–1994. We also find that growth, government dissaving, and tightening of credit constraints have a highly significant and positive effect on private saving. ^