Copper, nickel and zinc removal by peanut hulls: batch and column studies in mono, tri-component systems and with real effluent

The main goal of this research study was the removal of Cu(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) from aqueous solutions using peanut hulls. This work was mainly focused on the following aspects: chemical characterization of the biosorbent, kinetic studies, study of the pH influence in mono-component systems, equilibrium isotherms and column studies, both in mono and tri-component systems, and with a real industrial effluent from the electroplating industry. The chemical characterization of peanut hulls showed a high cellulose (44.8%) and lignin (36.1%) content, which favours biosorption of metal cations. The kinetic studies performed indicate that most of the sorption occurs in the first 30 min for all systems. In general, a pseudo-second order kinetics was followed, both in mono and tri-component systems. The equilibrium isotherms were better described by Freundlich model in all systems. Peanut hulls showed higher affinity for copper than for nickel and zinc when they are both present. The pH value between 5 and 6 was the most favourable for all systems. The sorbent capacity in column was 0.028 and 0.025 mmol g-1 for copper, respectively in mono and tri-component systems. A decrease of capacity for copper (50%) was observed when dealing with the real effluent. The Yoon-Nelson, Thomas and Yan’s models were fitted to the experimental data, being the latter the best fit.

Designing real-time systems based on mono-master Profibus-DP networks

Profibus networks are widely used as the communication infrastructure for supporting distributed computer-controlled applications. Most of the times, these applications impose strict real-time requirements. Profibus-DP has gradually become the preferred Profibus application profile. It is usually implemented as a mono-master Profibus network, and is optimised for speed and efficiency. The aim of this paper is to analyse the real-time behaviour of this class of Profibus networks. Importantly, we develop a new methodology for evaluating the worst-case message response time in systems where high-priority and cyclic low-priority Profibus traffic coexist. The proposed analysis constitutes a powerful tool to guarantee prior to runtime the real-time behaviour of a distributed computer-controlled system based on a Profibus network, where the realtime traffic is supported either by high-priority or by cyclic poll Profibus messages.

Mono(Eta(5)-cyclopentadienyl)metal(II) complexes with thienyl acetylide chromophores: synthesis, electrochemical studies, and first hyperpolarizabilities

A series of mono(eta(5)-cyclopentadienyl)metal-(II) complexes with nitro-substituted thienyl acetylide ligands of general formula [M(eta(5)-C5H5)(L)(C C{C4H2S}(n)NO2)] (M = Fe, L = kappa(2)-DPPE, n = 1,2; M = Ru, L = kappa(2)-DPPE, 2 PPh3, n = 1, 2; M = Ni, L = PPh3, n = 1, 2) has been synthesized and fully characterized by NMR, FT-IR, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The electrochemical behavior of the complexes was explored by cyclic voltammetry. Quadratic hyperpolarizabilities (beta) of the complexes have been determined by hyper-Rayleigh scattering (HRS) measurements at 1500 nm. The effect of donor abilities of different organometallic fragments on the quadratic hyperpolarizabilities was studied and correlated with spectroscopic and electrochemical data. Density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) calculations were employed to get a better understanding of the second-order nonlinear optical properties in these complexes. In this series, the complexity of the push pull systems is revealed; even so, several trends in the second-order hyperpolarizability can still be recognized. In particular, the overall data seem to indicate that the existence of other electronic transitions in addition to the main MLCT clearly controls the effectiveness of the organometallic donor ability on the second-order NLO properties of these push pull systems.

Métodos de dimensionamento de cortinas de contenção autoportantes e mono-apoiadas: o problema das cargas verticais

Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil na especialidade de Estruturas e Geotecnia

CO-INFECTION OF DENGUE VIRUS BY SEROTYPES 1 AND 4 IN PATIENT FROM MEDIUM SIZED CITY FROM BRAZIL

SUMMARY The natural co-infection with dengue virus can occur in highly endemic areas where different serotypes have been observed for many years. We report one case of DENV-1/DENV-4 co-infection in human serum detected by molecular tests. Phylogenetic analysis of the sequences obtained indicated the presence of genotype V and II for DENV-1 and DENV-4, respectively.

Study on the valorization routes of ashes from thermoelectric power plants working under mono-and co-combustion regimes

Thesis submitted to obtain the Doctoral degree in Energy and Bioenergy

Estudo do dimensionamento da localização de vigas de ancoragem em cortinas mono-apoiadas

Dissertação para obtencão do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil - Perfil Geotecnia

Racionalização do mecanismo de adição de compostos carbonílicos a vinil-mono e di-sulfonas, catalisada por aminas

As sulfonas são conhecidas pelos químicos orgânicos pela sua versatilidade sintética e actividade biológica, nomeadamente os fármacos conhecidos por sulfa drugs, extremamente importantes em química medicinal. As vinil-sulfonas constituem uma sub-família das sulfonas e têm demonstrado ao longo do tempo a sua capacidade de inibir diversos processos enzimáticos, introduzindo propriedades biológicas únicas. Do ponto de vista sintético, o método mais directo para obter estes compostos é via redução dos produtos de adição de Michael a vinil-di-sulfonas, o que não é favorável em termos de economia de átomos. Por outro lado, o mecanismo da reacção de adição de Michael de compostos carbonílicos a vinil-sulfonas tem levantado algumas dúvidas, devido à existência de dois possíveis mecanismos reacionais. O objectivo principal desta dissertação é racionalizar o mecanismo de adição de compostos carbonílicos a vinil-mono e di-sulfonas, recorrendo a estudos teóricos de DFT e experimentais, incluindo RMN. Foram considerados os mecanismos via intermediário enamina e via catálise básica, e através de estudos de RMN foi possível retirar conclusões sobre as velocidades relativas das reacções, bem como meio de comprovar a formação de alguns produtos. Os resultados teóricos obtidos revelam que, para as mono-sulfonas, o mecanismo via enamina é mais favorável energeticamente. No entanto, a existência de reacções competitivas de energia de activação mais baixa não permitem obter o produto desejado. Para eliminar estas reacções, utilizam-se aminas terciárias e a reacção segue um mecanismo via catálise básica. O estudo dos coeficientes da orbital HOMO dos compostos carbonílicos revelou que a localização do enol é um factor determinante para estas reacções. Por outro lado, os resultados obtidos revelaram que as di-sulfonas sendo extremamente reactivas, podem adoptar qualquer um dos caminhos reacionais, em função do catalisador escolhido, e não são sensíveis ao substrato. Neste caso, as reacções competitivas que ocorrem são reversíveis,e o produto de adição conjugada é sempre favorecido. Estudou-se ainda, teoricamente, a reacção de adição a mono-sulfonas de forma intramolecular, que apresenta claramente um mecanismo via enamina, cuja energia de activação é mais baixa que a respectiva adição competitiva.

Study of AC losses in medium-sized high temperature superconducting coils

The study of AC losses in superconducting pancake coils is of utmost importance for the development of superconducting devices. Due to different technical difficulties this study is usually performed considering one of two approaches: considering superconducting coils of few turns and studying AC losses in a large frequency range vs. superconducting coils with a large number of turns but measuring AC losses only in low frequencies. In this work, a study of AC losses in 128 turn superconducting coils is performed, considering frequencies ranging from 50 Hz till 1152 Hz and currents ranging from zero till the critical current of the coils. Moreover, the study of AC losses considering two different simultaneous harmonic components is also performed and results are compared to the behaviour presented by the coils when operating in a single frequency regime. Different electrical methods are used to verify the total amount of AC losses in the coil and a simple calorimetric method is presented, in order to measure AC losses in a multi-harmonic context. Different analytical and numerical methods are implemented and/or used, to design the superconducting coils and to compute the total amount of AC losses in the superconducting system and a comparison is performed to verify the advantages and drawbacks of each method.

Sustained competitive advantage of different sized multinational corporations in rural base of the pyramid markets

This thesis explores how multinational corporations of different sizes create barriers to imitation and therefore sustain competitive advantage in rural and informal Base of the Pyramid economies. These markets require close cooperation with local partners in a dynamic environment that lacks imposable property rights and follows a different rationale than developed markets. In order to explore how competitive advantage is sustained by different sized multinational corporations at the Base of the Pyramid, the natural-resource-based view and the dynamic capabilities perspective are integrated. Based on this integration the natural-resource-based view is extended by identifying critical dynamic capabilities that are assumed to be sources of competitive advantage at the Base of the Pyramid. Further, a contrasting case study explores how the identified dynamic capabilities are protected and their competitive advantage is sustained by isolating mechanisms that create barriers to imitation for a small to medium sized and a large multinational corporation. The case study results give grounds to assume that most resource-based isolating mechanisms create barriers to imitation that are fairly high for large and established multinational corporations that operate at the rural Base of the Pyramid and have a high product and business model complexity. On the contrary, barriers to imitation were found to be lower for young and small to medium sized multinational corporations with low product and business model complexity that according to some authors represent the majority of rural Base of the Pyramid companies. Particularly for small to medium sized multinational corporations the case study finds a relationship- and transaction-based unwillingness of local partners to act opportunistically rather than a resource-based inability to imitate. By offering an explanation of sustained competitive advantage for small to medium sized multinational corporations at the rural Base of the Pyramid this thesis closes an important research gap and recommends to include institutional and transaction-based research perspectives.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of mono and bis-naphthalimide derivatives against SH-SY5Y, human brain cancer cells

Dissertação de mestrado em Medicinal Chemistry

Práticas de cociabilidade em Monção durante o Estado Novo

Dissertação de mestrado em História

Implementing a site waste management plan: a case study of a medium sized building contractor in Ireland

Construction and demolition waste management is becoming increasingly important on construction sites as landfill space in Ireland is rapidly depleting and waste management costs are rising. Due to these factors waste management plans are seen as a good response to minimising waste on site and this thesis aims to investigate how to implement such a plan on a practical case study as well as investigating the legislation regarding construction and demolition waste along with market availability for the reuse of the waste. Main contractor surveys were also carried out in order to gain a better understanding of current attitudes within the industry and these surveys are analysed in chapter five. A survey was also carried out among sub-contractors but this survey has not been used for this thesis as the study is on-going. The primary aim of this thesis is to examine the waste hierarchy opportunities that are available for construction and demolition waste in Ireland and to examine the effects of management strategies on construction and demolition waste reduction at the project level. A partnership was developed with Carey Developments Ltd in Co. Galway and an analysis of their waste management practices was undertaken. The primary case study will be the ‘Taylors Hill’ project in Co. Galway where work commenced in March, 2012. The secondary aim of the thesis is to develop specific waste minimisation strategies for the company and to develop a training tool kit for use on site.

Verbesserung der Störsicherheit bei der Mimikanalyse in mono- und binokularen Farbbildsequenzen durch Auswertung geometrischer und dynamischer Merkmale

Magdeburg, Univ., Fak. für Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Diss., 2010