Territorial development, planning reform and urban governance: the case of Ireland's second-tier cities

The increased emphasis within Europe on the role of second-tier cities has implications for the ways in which these urban centres are considered within national spatial planning strategies. In centralised, monocentric states like Ireland, there has been a general ambivalence towards urban policy for cities outside the capital city, and historically this has prevented the development of a strong, diversified urban hierarchy undermining prospects for balanced regional development. This paper examines the extent to which a new found emphasis on Ireland’s second-tier cities which emerged in the ‘Gateways’ policy of the National Spatial Strategy (NSS, 2002) was matched by subsequent political and administrative commitment to facilitate the development of these urban centres. Following a discussion of the position of second-tier cities in an international context and a brief overview of recent demographic and economic trends, the paper assesses the relative performance of Ireland’s second-tier cities in influencing development trends, highlighting a comprehensive failure to deliver compact urban growth. In this context, the paper then discusses the implications of current development plans for the second-tier cities and proposals for Irish local government reform for securing compact urban development.

Innovation and Territorial Development: An Analysis of the Region of São José dos Campos - Brazil

This study aimed to identify and analyze the interrelations between companies, research centers, universities, government and other relevant players in the micro region of São José dos Campos, focusing on the creation and diffusion of innovations as a strategy for regional development. To this end, we made an interview with 12 regional players Involved in this process. It is hoped the results expand the knowledge of regional development in technologyoriented areas, as well as the dynamics of territorial development in the micro region studied. It is an academic contribution in developing strategies for expanding competitive regions through incentives for innovation and technology transfer.

Rural Participation in the Territorial Development Processes

This paper discusses the urgency of creating a bridge between social participation and civic capacity building.  The permanent dialogue between expert and local knowledge should sustain significant, relevant learning processes from/to the rural areas of the Central American region.  Consistency and persistence of these processes will enhance human welfare based on the changes experienced in the rural areas.  Numerous Central American initiatives require effective social and institutional participation to be implemented.  Education, in its different forms and through its different resources, has the crucial responsibility of helping citizens to take advantage of those initiatives.

Identidad territorial y paisaje. Evolución morfológica de los núcleos en Castilla y León.

Este estudio intenta esclarecer las transformaciones físicas y socioeconómicas de los asentamientos rurales de la región española de Castilla y León, durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Se analiza la evolución temporal de la forma urbana a través de un Sistema de Información Geográfico (SIG), calculando unos índices métricos y comparándolos con la información demográfica histórica. Los resultados pretenden mostrar los efectos de la especialización funcional económica, causada por la integración en las jerarquías productivas globales, sobre la estructura urbana. La pérdida gradual de las características tradicionales de los pueblos castellanos, como la compacidad y la integración en el entorno, debido a la pérdida o degradación de la arquitectura popular y la construcción de nuevas edificaciones industriales, supone un riesgo para las futuras políticas de desarrollo local. Se considera necesario preservar la identidad paisajística y evitar la destrucción del patrimonio cultural para poder revitalizar estos territorios.

Análisis de las estrategias de cohesión territorial en la Unión Europea como instrumento para la gobernanza democrática a raíz de las ampliaciones del 2004 y 2007

En la Unión Europea la relación entre el desarrollo e identidad territorial permite fortalecer la gobernanza democrática en el proceso de ampliación en la medida en que las estrategias de cohesión territorial estén acompañadas por mecanismos de cooperación entre el gobierno local y las instituciones supranacionales que permitan la participación activa del ciudadano en dichos procesos.

Desarrollo territorial y eficiencia sistémica El caso de la cuenca lechera caprina de Santiago del Estero (Argentina)

Este trabajo nos da un pantallazo general sobre dos aspectos muy estudiados en la actualidad: el desarrollo territorial rural y la eficiencia (como elemento clave para la competitividad) y se propone dar visibilidad a la relación existente entre ambos, destacando el papel de la eficiencia a la hora de fortalecer estos procesos de desarrollo. Para abordar estas temáticas, en primera instancia el artículo realiza una breve descripción de la conformación de la cuenca lechera, proceso histórico donde las diversas actividades y micro procesos no surgen de mecánicas preestablecidas y conexas entre los actores locales, sino más bien admiten la idea de que en el territorio se produce la coordinación/descoordinación de las acciones de todos los agentes locales. Como conclusión de este punto se muestra que para el caso estudiado se han sentado las precondiciones tendientes a consolidar el proceso de desarrollo territorial. Entre ellas se pueden citar una identidad tambera caprina, un mercado dinámico que falta profundizar en su conocimiento pero que existe, alianzas que aunque fueron muy limitadas en su accionar, como también en el tiempo, fueron generando una actitud y una acumulación de capital social tendiente a la valoración de las especificidades del propio territorio. A continuación este documento se introduce en el segundo concepto analizado, la eficiencia, mediante estudios prácticos y ejemplos concretos para cada uno de los principales eslabones de la cadena productiva: el ordeñe, la industrialización y la comercialización. A modo de conclusión se plantea que para el diseño de estrategias tendientes a fortalecer el desarrollo territorial como primera medida los actores involucrados deben contar con toda la información y conocimiento posible sobre el proceso productivo. Esto facilitaría el acompañamiento a los distintos eslabones en el proceso de solución de sus ineficiencias, las que habitualmente son trasladadas al resto del complejo productivo. Finalmente, se deja abierto el interrogante de quién se hace cargo de las ineficiencias presentes en el sector y cómo se asume ese costo. 

Engaging in European spatial planning: a central and Eastern European perspective on the territorial cohesion debate

The following paper sets out to determine the differential extent of the engagement of Central and Eastern European (CEE) member states with the European spatial planning (ESP) debate over territorial cohesion. It focuses on the written statements submitted in response to the European Commission “Green Paper on Territorial Cohesion” consultation in 2009. The geographical distribution of the respondents is analysed, before CEE member states’ responses are examined in detail, to explore the diverse interpretations of the concept of “territorial cohesion” among CEE actors. While the data collection for this paper has been restricted empirically to the consultation process, it reflects its findings in consideration of member states’ engagement with the debate as it manifested before and after the Green Paper. The debate over the exact conceptual and operational “framing” of territorial cohesion, launched by the European Commission's Green Paper, constitutes one of the many arenas through which ESP currently evolves, together with the transnational initiatives developed in the framework of the European Territorial Cooperation objective, the European Observation Network for Territorial Development and Cohesion (ESPON) and the process that recently led to the publication of the Territorial Agenda of the European Union 2020. The paper concludes that the overall level of engagement of CEE actors in ESP is proportionally lower in comparison with that of their northwestern European counterparts. The increasing involvement of some CEE member states within the ESPON 2013 Programme, as well as the activities undertaken by the Hungarian and Polish EU Presidencies in 2011, suggests that this level of CEE engagement is growing albeit differentially.

Desenvolvimento territorial no Rio Grande do Norte: uma identificação de clusters rurais

The general objective of this study is the identification of rural spaces in Rio Grande do Norte through a territorial approach. It looks if there is spatial correlations between municipalities that influence and are influenced by the rural environment, allowing the identification of clusters. To accomplish this objective it`s used, in the methodology, the factor analysis of principal components to achieve the indicators of rurality and territorial development, that deal with four dimensions of analysis: environmental, political-institutional, economical and spatial. Moreover, to identify the spatial correlations structure between municipalities it used the Moran index to both rurality and territorial development, leading to clustering identification. The results show that the rurality is present in most of Rio Grande do Norte municipalities, except in cases like Mossoró, Pau dos Ferros, Caicó and Natal, where can be regional dynamic poles. It is also verified that the more rural municipalities tend to be less developed, according to the territorial development index, and have less correlations with neighboring municipalities

Desenvolvimento territorial e a política nacional de água em Moçambique: o caso do distrito de Chibuto

The development has been a phenomenon in constant discussion today, whose fundamental importance should be to promote the welfare of humanity. Thus, the development becomes an element that adds political, economic, social and environmental values . In Mozambique the development model adopted by the State prioritizes the economic dimension, in this case favoring the growth of capitalist structure production. Thus , the basic conditions for human survival still leaves much to be desired and the Mozambican population in general and the district of Chibuto , in particular , continue to face several difficulties to have access to such conditions, and the lack of potable water is a that most of the problems afflicting this population . The water was always a factor related to the socio-economic development of the population, where great civilizations and major economic marks were always influenced by water availability, and today this feature is present in all sectors of production. In Mozambique, much effort has been made by the government, national and international organizations to enhance and guarantee the supply of potable and drinking water, and despite all this effort, most of the population does not have access to this precious resource. In this sense, this work presents an analysis of the effects of the National Water Policy in the study area, analyzes the shortage of potable water in the district of Chibuto, discusses the design and development contained in the official discourse of the state and, opposes the idea of human development. For such issues that help to understand the phenomenon under study, such as territory, public policy and criticism of hegemonic conception of development are addressed. To make the desired approach, we performed a characterization of the District of Chibuto, addressing the issue of poverty, with a brief discussion of this concept, from different approaches, and analyze the impact of the PARPA (Action Plan for the Reduction of Absolute Poverty) in fighting poverty in Mozambique, and became a description of the scenario of poverty and vulnerability in Chibuto district with the construction of Territorial Human Development Index. Research also brings up a discussion about territory and technicization which describes the senary of the water supply system in the District and territorial dynamics of Chibuto, from the analysis and description of existing structures and other technical objects that structure the territory under study. Thus, it was found that the development should be summarized in the satisfaction of human needs, and should be the cornerstone of the new type of development that is intended for the purpose of triggering urgently actions to overcome or combat bleak misery suffered by the majority of inhabitants of the District of Chibuto

A territorialização do setor vitivinícola do estado de São Paulo (1994-2009): processo de institucionalização, grau de desenvolvimento territorial e papel das políticas públicas

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

International trade and inclusive development: Building synergies

Foreword by Alicia Bárcena.

Organização comunitária e desenvolvimento territorial: o contexto ribeirinho em uma ilha da Amazônia

Este trabalho é um estudo de caso sobre comunidades ribeirinhas do estuário amazônico em que se analisam as dinâmicas sócio-espaciais e a organização comunitária da população que reside na ilha do Combu. Trata-se de averiguar a organização espacial e territorialidade das comunidades, ou seja, a produção e reprodução da vida material e econômica buscando nessas experiências aportes que venham servir de referência para outras localidades rurais tendo em vista o debate sobre o desenvolvimento regional. Servem como amostra da pesquisa 54 unidades familiares distribuídas em quatro comunidades: Igarapé Combu, Beira do Rio, Piriquitaquara e Furo do Benedito. Por ser um estudo de natureza interdisciplinar adota a perspectiva sócio-econõmica, política e cultural tendo como foco as questões: a) Como as comunidades da ilha do Combu têm se adaptado às interferências exógenas e quais as estratégias de sobrevivência; c) Quais as diferenciações, inter-relação entre os grupos e suas formas de organização e articulação; d) O que gera maior envolvimento comunitário. Os resultados mostram que a desarticulação é um fator desfavorável na organização comunitária o que implica menor possibilidade de se inserirem na sociedade como cidadãos participantes do processo de desenvolvimento e direcionadores de seu destino. A manutenção do ambiente e do bem-estar das comunidades está relacionada a aspectos que levem em conta informação e conhecimento formal, aliado à manutenção de práticas segundo as especificidades locais, pois quanto maior o grau de conhecimento e permanência no local, maior a identificação, valorização e cooperação dos ribeirinhos. A ausência desses aspectos aponta para um baixo grau de desenvolvimento ou para práticas pontuais onde eles são fracamente percebidos. Não obstante as comunidades não serem capazes de sozinhas produzirem dinâmicas que promovam seu bem-estar destaca-se o manejo florestal desenvolvido por aqueles ribeirinhos que tem servido de suporte para um maior incremento na economia uma vez que essa prática potencializa a produção de açaí, principal fonte de renda local favorecendo maior poder de compra às famílias. Isso reforça o argumento de se estabelecerem parcerias entre as instituições e a comunidade local no sentido de promover a sustentabilidade ambiental e social.

A dimensão territorial do desenvolvimento a partir de especificidades de APLS do Paraná

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)