A produção do conhecimento sobre o ensino de química nas reuniões anuais da Sociedade Brasileira de Química: uma revisão

This paper discusses the Brazilian academic production on Chemical Education. The main source of information is the annual meeting of the Brazilian Chemical Society (RASBQ) covering the period 1999-2006. All the papers presented by the Division of Chemical Education of the RASBQ were reviewed to permit a discussion about the development of the area in Brazil. This bibliographical revision comprises the following aspects: year of presentation, Brazilian region and institution of production, scholastic level encompassed by the study, the kind of academic work (or research type) and thematic focus of the study.

Repensando o cuidado frente uma sociedade que envelhece

O envelhecimento ocasiona mudança no perfil epidemiológico da população fazendo com que prevaleçam as condições crônicas que apontam para o repensar da assistência em torno do denominado gerenciamento do cuidado gerontológico

Sociedade da informação: avanços e retrocessos no acesso e no uso da informação

The Information Society (IS) may be taken as a geopolitical organization which started after the Third Industrial Revolution, having direct impact on the use of information and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). The expression arose as techno-social paradigm change in the post-industrial society, aiming to use information as currency to the society-in-progress at that time. In Brazil it has become stronger with the Programa Sociedade da Informacao no Brasil-Livro Verde, lunched by the Ministerio da Ciencia e Tecnologia, in September 2000 without any discussion with the civil society to formulate the main document. Our main goal in this article is to discuss the Information Society in contemporary times, and also the organized and conscious use of information, looking for key-concepts to a better understanding of it, from some topics as digital inclusion-exclusion to the use of digital informational resources.

A formação de professores e suas relações com cultura e sociedade: a educação escolar indígena no centro das atenções

This paper reflects the current situation surrounding indigenous teacher education by means of the construction of a dialogue among three educators, two of them non-indigenous educators involved with indigenous school education and one indigenous educator committed to the education of his people. Teacher education, situated in a socio-cultural way, is the center of attention in this paper. ""Listening"" as a way of talking with the ""other"" is one of the theoretical focuses of this exercise between teacher educators and teachers, which uses dialogue as a means to increase awareness. In the dialogic process mentione, it was possible to realize how rich a dynamic between educators from different cultural contexts can be. The desire of the indigenous educator and his/her people to contribute their ideas to the construction of the indigenous school became evident. This shows the great challenge for non-indigenous educators seeking to contribute to the organization of the school education of distinct indigenous nations.

A produção social do conhecimento na sociedade da informação

This work is an approach to some problems and challenges to a contemporary social construction of knowledge from some paradoxes generated around the concepts of knowledge, information, culture and information society. The article proposes to think over problems about a common sense concept which is that the technologies would automatically release the man from repetitive work and would allow the access to information and knowledge. In this sense, it points out to the importance of cultural mediation and information activities in the field of Information Science.

Sociedade e gestão do risco: o aquífero Guarani em Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brasil

Contemporary society creates risks of all kinds, changing the meaning of this term. Although it may be associated with natural hazards, it gradually assumes a stronger relation with human actions, especially due to the use of technology. The use of land for agricultural and urban activities creates the possibility of contamination in the recharge area of the Guarani aquifer in the municipality of Ribeirao Preto, state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. This city is one of the most important in the state with high economic development. Besides this, it is located in the recharge area of the main reservoir of underground water of South Cone. This paper aims to discuss the management of groundwater use in Ribeirao Preto and reflects the risk that contamination and overexploitation might cause to the main city's water supply.

Os faróis da sociedade de informação: uma análise crítica sobre a situação da competência em informação no Brasil

This paper presents and reviews the recommendations done by experts during the specialists meeting held in the city of Alexandria, Egypt, in the end of 2005 and, according to this information, the Brazilian situation is analyzed. Internationalization and institutionalization of information literacy and lifelong learning as essential factors to the development of the nations are also explored. Beacons of the Information Society translate the vision and concepts involved. In Brazil, the actions around information literacy are not a consensus. The challenges to be faced include: to discover forms to foster and to appropriately disseminate national and local knowledge, to advance discussions and deepen the subject, to discover adequate alternatives for disseminating information practices that encompass distinct professional groups and populations, to overcome structural development gaps. As a matter that permeates each and every process of learning, research, development, problem-solving and decision-making, information literacy went beyond the boundaries of librarianship and transformed itself into a world transdiciplinary movement, even under the aegis of different denominations and emphasis.

Simulated annealing applied to the irregular rotational placement of shapes over containers with fixed dimensions

This work deals with the problem of minimizing the waste of space that occurs on a rotational placement of a set of irregular two dimensional polygons inside a two dimensional container. This problem is approached with an heuristic based on simulated annealing. Traditional 14 external penalization"" techniques are avoided through the application of the no-fit polygon, that determinates the collision free area for each polygon before its placement. The simulated annealing controls: the rotation applied, the placement and the sequence of placement of the polygons. For each non placed polygon, a limited depth binary search is performed to find a scale factor that when applied to the polygon, would allow it to be fitted in the container. It is proposed a crystallization heuristic, in order to increase the number of accepted solutions. The bottom left and larger first deterministic heuristics were also studied. The proposed process is suited for non convex polygons and containers, the containers can have holes inside. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Texto para discuss??o 4: Estado, aparelho do Estado e sociedade civil

Neste trabalho, o Estado ser?? claramente diferenciado dos conceitos de governo, de Estado-na????o ou de regime pol??tico. O Estado ?? uma parte da sociedade. ?? uma estrutura pol??tica e organizacional que se sobrep??e ?? sociedade ao mesmo tempo que dela faz parte

Texto para discuss??o 32: sociedade civil: sua democratiza????o para a reforma do Estado

Este artigo discutir??, subseq??entemente, e de forma breve, as condicionantes estruturais, o conceito de sociedade civil relevante, e a forma pela qual a sociedade civil, ela pr??pria em permanente mudan??a, busca reformar o Estado e o mercado

Caf?? com debate: como os dados abertos v??o transformar as pr??ticas do governo e gerar oportunidades para a sociedade

A Escola Nacional de Administra????o P??blica realizou o segundo Caf?? com Debate de 2012 no dia 4 de maio. O tema dessa edi????o foi "Como os dados abertos v??o transformar as pr??ticas do governo e gerar oportunidades para a sociedade". Transmitido em tempo real, o evento foi acompanhado por mais de 800 internautas, entre as 08h30 e as 10h30, e reuniu por volta de 300 pessoas - representando aproximadamente 80 institui????es do governo e da sociedade civil - no audit??rio da ENAP

E agora, Shakti? : como formular uma nova lei ambiental em uma sociedade politicamente dividida?

O estudo de caso analisa o dilema enfrentado pela presidente de uma rep??blica fict??cia na elabora????o do Novo C??digo Florestal de seu pa??s. O enfoque est?? centrado na tarefa ??rdua de conciliar desenvolvimento econ??mico e prote????o ambiental numa ??nica legisla????o. O debate se d?? em torno da trama pol??tica que envolve a tomada de decis??o em momentos de crise e na necessidade de se discutir coletivamente temas sens??veis para a sociedade. Como conciliar direito ao desenvolvimento com prote????o ambiental num pa??s marcado por lutas? Como decidir em meio ?? press??o pol??tica de grupos divergentes? O estudo de caso centra os debates em torno da gest??o do meio ambiente num contexto de expans??o econ??mica baseada no agroneg??cio. O material did??tico pode ser utilizado em disciplinas relacionadas a Direito Ambiental, Direito Internacional P??blico, Direitos Humanos e Administra????o P??blica.