983 resultados para Selective Collection Program SCP
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Coordenao de Aperfeioamento de Pessoal de Nvel Superior (CAPES)
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Ps-graduao em Geografia - FCT
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O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de criar uma metodologia para o Gerenciamento Integrado dos Resduos Slidos (GIRS) que associa a prtica pertinente ao tema, com programas que envolvam a comunidade, no sentido de manter o meio ambiente limpo e saudvel, tendo como cenrio o municpio de Belm, especificamente a Bacia Hidrogrfica da Estrada Nova (BHEN). Objetiva tambm identificar porqu, apesar da BHEN possuir coleta de resduos e servios de limpeza realizada pela Secretaria Municipal de Saneamento (SESAN), a mesma permanece, constantemente, suja, principalmente, de lixo e entulho lanados nas vias pblicas e canais de drenagem dessa bacia. A pesquisa de campo consistiu de entrevistas com os principais atores desse trabalho, a comunidade da BHEN. Inova no municpio um modelo de programas de participao da populao com o nome de Cidadania e Participao Ativa da Comunidade (CIPAC) propondo 20 programas: Mascote da educao ambiental; Boteco em boteco; Eu amo minha cidade; Al comunidade; TV SOS Meio ambiente; Rdio Desperta comunidade; Coral e teatro Reciclar; Educa mvel; Coleta seletiva nas escolas; O meio ambiente pede carona; Centro de memria; A escola do lixo; Conhecer o lixo; Comunidade nota 10; Futuro verde; Coleta seletiva porta a porta Implantao dos LEVs; Criao das unidades bsicas ecolgicas; Criao da central de reciclagem de entulho; Criao das unidades de triagem de materiais reciclveis; Criao das cooperativas de catadores e carroceiros. Faz uma previso de investimentos para implantao e manuteno desses programas assim como o retorno do investimento aplicado com a implantao. Como resultado, apresenta um novo modelo, baseado na prtica, como sustentao para o estabelecimento de uma poltica municipal, de acordo com a Lei da Poltica Nacional de Resduos Slidos (PNRS) que tramita no Congresso Nacional. Tambm foram identificados parmetros capazes de identificar a inadequao do processo atual de coleta de lixo e dos servios de limpeza nessa bacia. Esses resultados alcanados permitem concluir que grande parte da populao da BHEN no est preparada para aderir a um programa de Gesto de Resduos Slidos (GRS), que tenha como ponto de partida o GIRS. O grau de escolaridade e o nvel de conhecimento da comunidade no representam obstculos para isso, mas sim a falta de programas que envolvam a sua participao, a coleta de resduos e servios de limpeza urbana corretamente prestados, pois, atualmente, na pesquisa de campo realizada, foram visivelmente reprovados. Finalmente, ainda conclui que somente com a implantao de um GIRS, com apoio do CIPAC o meio ambiente seria consideravelmente beneficiado, mas no resolveria os graves problemas ambientais da BHEN, ser necessria a melhoria de todos os sistemas de infra-estrutura urbana nessa importante bacia, para um efeito realmente mais saudvel. importante destacar que, no momento atual, as propostas apresentadas por este trabalho so consideradas bastante oportunas, pois com o inicio da implantao do Programa de Recuperao Urbano-Ambiental da Bacia da Estrada Nova (PROMABEM) pela Administrao Municipal financiado pelo Banco Interamericano de Desenvolvimento (BID), os problemas sanitrios e ambientais dessa importante bacia tm grande probabilidade de ser resolvidos.
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Este trabalho discute o uso da anlise de frequncia de moscas das famlias Calliphoridae e Muscidae na avaliao do impacto da implantao de programas de coleta seletiva de lixo urbano. Para isto, utilizou-se do estudo de caso de Tup, municpio paulista, em duas fases distintas: fase 1 - compreendida entre os meses de junho e outubro de 2001, perodo caracterizado pela presena do lixo e; fase 2 - entre os meses de novembro de 2001 a maio de 2002, caracterizada pelo incio da implantao do processo de coleta seletiva e reciclagem e aterramento gradativo do lixo. Procedeu-se a captura dos insetos com dez armadilhas confeccionadas com garrafas plsticas, de dois litros, do tipo PET, alocadas em residncias e rvores ao redor do lixo. Como atrativo utilizou-se aproximadamente 400 ml de vinhaa de cana de acar, substituda semanalmente no ato da colheita. Nas duas fases da pesquisa, observou-se que a famlia mais frequente e constante foi a Calliphoridae. Houve correlao positiva, antes da coleta seletiva, entre o nmero de califordeos e a precipitao pluviomtrica (0,638) e, entre o nmero de muscdeos e a temperatura mdia (0,605). Aps a coleta, o mesmo no foi observado. O programa de coleta seletiva implantado nesse municpio paulista resultou em diminuio significativa na frequncia de dpteros e a anlise da flutuao de califordeos e muscdeos demonstrou-se como um eficiente indicador de monitoramento da qualidade ambiental.
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Convergence among treatment, prevention, and developmental intervention approaches has led to the recognition of the need for evaluation models and research designs that employ a full range of evaluation information to provide an empirical basis for enhancing the efficiency, efficacy, and effectiveness of prevention and positive development interventions. This study reports an investigation of a positive youth development program using an Outcome Mediation Cascade (OMC) evaluation model, an integrated model for evaluating the empirical intersection between intervention and developmental processes. The Changing Lives Program (CLP) is a community supported positive youth development intervention implemented in a practice setting as a selective/indicated program for multi-ethnic, multi-problem at risk youth in urban alternative high schools. This study used a Relational Data Analysis integration of quantitative and qualitative data analysis strategies, including the use of both fixed and free response measures and a structural equation modeling approach, to construct and evaluate the hypothesized OMC model. Findings indicated that the hypothesized model fit the data (2 (7) = 6.991, p = .43; RMSEA = .00; CFI = 1.00; WRMR = .459). Findings also provided preliminary evidence consistent with the hypothesis that in addition to having effects on targeted positive outcomes, PYD interventions are likely to have progressive cascading effects on untargeted problem outcomes that operate through effects on positive outcomes. Furthermore, the general pattern of findings suggested the need to use methods capable of capturing both quantitative and qualitative change in order to increase the likelihood of identifying more complete theory informed empirically supported models of developmental intervention change processes.
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The dissertation reports on two studies. The purpose of Study I was to develop and evaluate a measure of cognitive competence (the Critical Problem Solving Skills Scale Qualitative Extension) using Relational Data Analysis (RDA) with a multi-ethnic, adolescent sample. My study builds on previous work that has been conducted to provide evidence for the reliability and validity of the RDA framework in evaluating youth development programs (Kurtines et al., 2008). Inter-coder percent agreement among the TOC and TCC coders for each of the category levels was moderate to high, with a range of .76 to .94. The Fleiss' kappa across all category levels was from substantial agreement to almost perfect agreement, with a range of .72 to .91. The correlation between the TOC and the TCC demonstrated medium to high correlation, with a range of r(40)=.68, p<.001 to r(40)=.79, p<.001. Study II reports an investigation of a positive youth development program using an Outcome Mediation Cascade (OMC) evaluation model, an integrated model for evaluating the empirical intersection between intervention and developmental processes. The Changing Lives Program (CLP) is a community supported positive youth development intervention implemented in a practice setting as a selective/indicated program for multi-ethnic, multi-problem at risk youth in urban alternative high schools in the Miami Dade County Public Schools (M-DCPS). The 259 participants for this study were drawn from the CLP's archival data file. The study used a structural equation modeling approach to construct and evaluate the hypothesized model. Findings indicated that the hypothesized model fit the data (2 (7) = 5.651, p = .83; RMSEA = .00; CFI = 1.00; WRMR = .319). My study built on previous research using the OMC evaluation model (Eichas, 2010), and the findings are consistent with the hypothesis that in addition to having effects on targeted positive outcomes, PYD interventions are likely to have progressive cascading effects on untargeted problem outcomes that operate through effects on positive outcomes.
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Thesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2016-06
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Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educao Fsica
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In this paper, we present results on the use of multilayered a-SiC:H heterostructures as a device for wavelength-division demultiplexing of optical signals. These devices are useful in optical communications applications that use the wavelength division multiplexing technique to encode multiple signals into the same transmission medium. The device is composed of two stacked p-i-n photodiodes, both optimized for the selective collection of photo generated carriers. Band gap engineering was used to adjust the photogeneration and recombination rate profiles of the intrinsic absorber regions of each photodiode to short and long wavelength absorption in the visible spectrum. The photocurrent signal using different input optical channels was analyzed at reverse and forward bias and under steady state illumination. A demux algorithm based on the voltage controlled sensitivity of the device was proposed and tested. An electrical model of the WDM device is presented and supported by the solution of the respective circuit equations.
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O presente documento enquadra-se no mbito do trabalho final do mestrado (TFM) do curso de Engenharia Civil, na rea de especializao de Hidrulica, do Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, sob a forma de um projeto na fase de estudo prvio com o ttulo Gesto Sustentvel da gua no empreendimento turstico Parque de Campismo da Ilha do Pessegueiro situado em Porto Covo - Regio de Turismo do Alentejo. Este trabalho constitudo essencialmente por 5 partes. Sendo a primeira uma breve introduo s questes a abordar, a segunda corresponde discrio terica do uso eficiente da gua baseando-se no PNEUA (Programa nacional para o uso eficiente da gua). J a terceira parte relativa ao atual sistema de utilizao da gua no Parque de campismo da ilha do pessegueiro (PCIP), sendo a quarta o estudo do desenvolvimento do projecto para a gesto eficiente da gua no empreendimento e a quinta parte o estudo de viabilidade econmica e financeira a implementar no projecto. Para alm da implementao de medidas de poupana so tambm objetivos principais deste trabalho a reutilizao da gua atravs da recolha, o tratamento e armazenamento das guas residuais e aproveitamento das guas pluviais para posterior abastecimento do sistema de utilizao em descargas sanitrias, lavagem de pavimentos e regas de espaos verdes. So, portanto, trs os subsistemas de gesto eficiente da gua que se pretende implementar. D-se importncia ao estudo de viabilidade econmica do projeto, cujo perodo de retorno do capital investido em capitais prprios e alheios de seis anos. Este projeto pretende dar apoio tcnico ao uso eficiente da gua no PCIP, de forma a conseguir por um lado obter vantagens econmicas e por outro proteger o ambiente. As vantagens econmicas so interessantes para orientar os recursos financeiros para outros investimentos e as questes ambientais so a base de uma campanha, j em curso, para obteno de certificao energtica, em conjunto com outras prticas j em curso, nomeadamente a recolha seletiva de resduos slidos para recircular e aproveitamento de energia solar.
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In this paper we present results about the functioning of a multilayered a-SiC:H heterostructure as a device for wavelength-division demultiplexing of optical signals. The device is composed of two stacked p-i-n photodiodes, both optimized for the selective collection of photogenerated carriers. Band gap engineering was used to adjust the photogeneration and recombination rates profiles of the intrinsic absorber regions of each photodiode to short and long wavelength absorption and carrier collection in the visible spectrum. The photocurrent signal using different input optical channels was analyzed at reverse and forward bias and under steady state illumination. This photocurrent is used as an input for a demux algorithm based on the voltage controlled sensitivity of the device. The device functioning is explained with results obtained by numerical simulation of the device, which permit an insight to the internal electric configuration of the double heterojunction.These results address the explanation of the device functioning in the frequency domain to a wavelength tunable photocapacitance due to the accumulation of space charge localized at the internal junction. The existence of a direct relation between the experimentally observed capacitive effects of the double diode and the quality of the semiconductor materials used to form the internal junction is highlighted.
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Tmn tyn tarkoituksena oli selvitt miksi kohdeyrityksen ern avainkomponentin, kehpyrn, kovasorvauksen vaiheajoissa on niin paljon vaihtelua ja kuinka sit saataisiin vhennetty. Samalla pyrittiin lyhentmn keskimrisi vaiheaikoja. Tutkimus aloitettiin tuotannon nykytilan kartoituksella, jossa selvitettiin yrityksen toimintatapoja ja tuotannon tehokkuutta heikentvi ongelmia. Tmn jlkeen aloitettiin varsinainen kehitysprojekti, joka perustui Lean-ajatteluun. Lean-ajattelu on tuotannon kehittmiseen thtv filosofia, jossa pyritn tekemn enemmn vhemmll, poistamalla tuotannosta kaikki ylimrinen arvoa lismtn toiminta. Tuotantoon pyritn saamaan aikaiseksi tuotteiden jatkuva virtaus tuotantoa tahdistamalla. Erinomaisuutta tavoitellaan jatkuvalla parantamisella. Kohdeyrityksen tuotannon ongelmien tarkemmaksi selvittmiseksi toteutettiin erilaisia seurantoja, niin paikan pll tuotannossa, kuin automaattista tiedonkeruuohjelmistoa hyvksi kytten. Seurantojen tuloksena selvisi, ett psyyt tuotannon vaiheaikojen vaihteluun lytyvt teknisen jrjestelmn sijaan ihmisten asenteista ja osaamisesta. Kun kehitystyn tuloksena toteutetaan muutoksia, kohdataan usein muutosvastarintaa. Tllin tarvitaan tehokasta muutosjohtamista. Muutostyss on trke hallita tietoa sen jakamisen lisksi mys sen kermisess. Muutoksiin johtavan tiedon tulee olla aina relevanttia ja faktapohjaista. Muutosjohtamisen tavoitteena on saada aikaiseksi tietoa luova organisaatio, joka kest itsekritiikki ja jolla on poisoppimisen taito. Tysuoritusten parantamiseksi toteutettiin pilottihanke, jossa testattiin tss tyss kehitetty palautejrjestelm. Palaute perustui automaattisen tiedonkeruuohjelmiston kermn dataan. Samalla selvitettiin tyt hidastaneita ongelmia yhteistyss tyntekijiden kanssa. Pilottihankkeen tulokset ovat lupaavia, sill seurannassa olleen kehpyrmallin viikoittaisten vaiheaikojen keskiarvo laski 32,6 % ja kehpyrn puolikkaiden kovasorvauksen vaiheaikojen vaihtelut vhenivt 18,1 ja 26,8 %. Tmn tutkimuksen tulosten perusteella pivittisten tymrien tarkempaa seurantaa kannattaa jatkaa ja palautejrjestelm kehitt edelleen.
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This work presents a route for processing spent ink-jet cartridges in an experimental course. The disassembly of the cartridges requires several steps and the recognition of their different components is essential to define the best final destination (recycling, co-processing). The plastic strips were chemically processed so as to recover gold and copper. The students recognized the difficulty of processing multicomponent wastes and the importance of the chemical work under the best safety conditions; they also experienced many laboratory techniques and recognized the value of the selective collection and the reverse logistics to reach a viable commercial scale recycling.
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The dissertating study about the solidarity economy has the objective to analyze the four unions responsible for the selective municipal garbage collection in Natal. It aims at verifying the consolidation of these unions as solidarity economic undertakings, revealing which progresses they have made, as well as the social and economic insertion of the garbage collectors and their process of conquering citizenship. The referred four unions had been founded and are constituted, in their majority, by collectors coming from the Cidade Nova lixo (big garbage). As it was closed in August 2004, they decided to make a union in order to collecting garbage. As what concerns the methodic and theoretic proceedings, our research has been developed with a critical perspective and a qualitative approach without discarding and quantitative one. The central analytical categories of this paper are: association, work, social exclusion and citizenship. Our research has had three articulated axis which aim was to apprehend the subject, disclosing it. The exposition of the investigative results is subdivided in four chapters. The first one approaches the main aspects of the crisis of the capital and its reflexes in the world of work. Here we deal with the question the structural unemployment coming as a result of the present economic model, the mains changes verified in the Brazilian work market, as well as levels of unemployment affecting the work market in Natal s metropolitan region. The second chapter treats of the origin, concept and revival in Brazil concerning the tradition of thought and cooperative economic organization, which has recovered the central elements of the associative thought and is nowadays studied in Latin America under the name of solidarity economy. The third chapter deals with embodiment of the collectors unions, its history, appearing and development of each union. The fourth chapter presents the relative dimensions of the analysis categories supported in the reports of institutional actors as well as the perception collectors have about the recyclable stuffs, the way they face the daily life and so on, what brings about the contradictions present in their reality. The final comments sum up the main trends and particularities of the unions researched under the light of the solidarity economy and disclose the real perspectives of social and economic insertion of these collectors and the process they follow to conquest social recognition
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This work presents a study of the ambient management in urban centers, considering the ambient perception as element necessary to develop in the population the conscience of the necessity to preserve the environment. For this, the attitudes and behaviors of the community, represented for students of an Institution had been evaluated, so that strategies and actions are traced that come to minimize the ambient degradation and to provide an aggregate sustainable development to the economic development. The objective of this research consists of studying the problematic one of the ambient management in urban centers under the point of view of the awareness, of the ambient perception and of the participation of the population, this because the ambient questions are inserted in the aspects that involve the practical life and the daily one, for what becomes excellent to understand that the environment is a right of all, therefore, must be preserved. The methodology used in this work constitutes in the application of a questionnaire with scales of the type likert contends variables that compose the acts and mannering aspects, beyond a partner-demographic scale. The Chi-square method was used in the analysis statistics de Pearson to verify the dependence of the associations between the partner-demographic 0 variable and the acts and mannering variables. The results point that the academic environment is opportune to deal with the subject, in view of that the ambient preservation goes for all the contents, and that the pupils of today will be able, in the future, in its areas of performance to plan action to safeguard the sustainable development. One concludes that the strategies to manage the environment pass for the awareness of the citizen, therefore when it is educated its attitudes will be more responsible, a time that the ambient concern will be present in its day-by-day. Therefore, the Public Power when planning programs of ambient preservation that comes to promote changes of habits of the population, such as: management of the solid residues generated by the population, recycling, programs of selective collections, ambient education, etc. the local community for the success of its actions will have to be involved
