Dois alçados inéditos do Palácio Real de Campo de Ourique

A recente descoberta de dois magníficos desenhos para o alçado do Palácio Real a construir em Campo de Ourique levantam, pela erudição das suas opções arquitectónicas como pela sua superlativa qualidade estética, uma série de questões sobre a cultura arquitectónica e o desenho de arquitectura em Portugal, nos meados do século XVIII. Sendo um conjunto indissociável, um dos desenhos apresenta a data de 1760 com a assinatura, algo inusitada, do Capitão Dionizio de S. Dionizio, figura de pouco relevo na conjuntura dos arquitectos da Casa Real implicados nas grandes obras de renovação da cidade de Lisboa pós terramoto. Perante este personagem pouco conhecido pretendemos neste texto apresentar uma primeira abordagem abrindo, num futuro, um debate alargado sobre o quadro conceptual de influências de que o elevado nível artístico destes desenhos, sem paralelo na época, dá testemunho.

Lukiolaiset tekstiä tulkitsemassa : tutkimus vieraalla kielellä lukemisen strategioista

Abstract

Toimintatavat tärkeässä roolissa uusia palkkausjärjestelmiä käytettäessä

Abstract

Organisaatiomuutoksen vaikutukset paperitehtaan tuotannon esimiestyöhön, case: UPM-Kymmene Oyj, Kaukas

The main target of this research was to define effects of the organizational change on leaders' work in a paper mill's production. It also focuses on producing knowledge of how the change process succeeded in its context. The theoretical part of this study emphasizes the organizational change as a phenomenon, introduces different change models, and reviews leadership in the change and also employees' engagement to the change. From the middle-managers' point of view it was essential to study, how the change process had been implemented. The empirical part of this study is comprised of the interviews of 14 middle-managers in the production of UPM-Kymmene Oyj, Kaukas Paper Mill. The interview data was gathered up and analyzed by the qualitative research method. The research findings underline that the change increases the middle-managers' responsibility for their subordinates welfare at work and work motivation, likewise responsibility for their safety at work. The employees also need more guidance and supervision in order to keep up with their work. The manager is in a key position when engaging the employees to the change. The research results do not offer only one detailed answer to choose a certain change model. As a multiform and complex process, change always requires some situational evaluation.

A Equação-Mestra: atingindo o equilíbrio

In the last years, a great interest in nonequilibrium systems has been witnessed. Although the Master Equations are one of the most common methods used to describe these systems, the literature about these equations is not straightforward due to the mathematical framework used in their derivations. The goals of this work are to present the physical concepts behind the Master Equations development and to discuss their basic proprieties via a matrix approach. It is also shown how the Master Equations can be used to model typical nonequilibrium processes like multi-wells chemical reactions and radiation absorption processes.

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