O cinema brasileiro ainda queima o filme? Re-estudando atitudes relativas a filmes nacionais

This text has the objective to compare attitudes and opinions of undergraduation students about Brazilian movies, evaluated in 1991 and 2003. The research was motivated by the author's perceptions that the changes occurred in the public cultural stimulus policy, at the end of 80's and beginning of 90's drove the national productions to a significant quality improvement, allowing them to work in conditions to compete in the Brazilian market without needing to take any advantage of law or policy for minimum projection share to national movies. The results attested a significant enhancement in the evaluation by the respondents of Brazilian movie production.

Em cartaz : o cinema brasileiro produzindo sentidos sobre escola e trabalho docente

Esta tese analisa como o cinema brasileiro, produzido nesta cultura narrada como mais inclinada aos processos de hibridização, representa a escola e o trabalho docente no contexto de dezessete filmes brasileiros. A discussão e a análise empreendidas nesta pesquisa foram gestadas na perspectiva dos Estudos Culturais pós-estruturalistas, especialmente aqueles que se dedicam aos estudos da mídia, articulados com os estudos foucaultianos. Foi necessário um estudo do cinema brasileiro e de suas produções no que se refere a essa forma de representação, bem como uma aproximação com a linguagem cinematográfica. Nesse sentido, a análise exigiu um estudo mais detalhado da cultura e da educação brasileira naqueles aspectos que possibilitavam olhar para as condições locais de produção cultural, embora a tensão constante da relação entre local e global fosse considerada. Nesse contexto, alguns conceitos foram importantes para esta investigação, tais como representação, poder, identidade cultural, política cultural e processos de hibridização, entre outros, para analisar os deslocamentos, ressignificações e/ou manutenções das representações hegemônicas de escola e trabalho docente. As representações foram analisadas considerando um processo social que é recorrente na história da formação docente: a feminização do magistério. Foi através da análise dessa formação discursiva que mostrei como o cinema brasileiro representa o trabalho docente com toda a complexidade das relações sociais, acionando múltiplas e complexas relações de poder que o significam de diferentes formas deslocando, ressignificando e/ou mantendo os sentidos mais recorrentes na cultura. No que se refere à representação de escola, foi necessário tensionar as conexões entre o local e o global, o que permitiu perceber algumas manutenções de representações hegemônicas de escola constituídas também pela tradição moderna de educação. Além disso, a discussão e a análise da filmografia brasileira permitiram-me problematizar a narrativa celebrativa dos processos hibridizadores da cultura brasileira.

O papel do cinema na construção da identidade da Cinelândia

A partir das transformações ocorridas nos espaços arquiteturais, sociais e urbanos do Rio de Janeiro nas últimas décadas do século XIX e início do século XX, a dissertação analisa o processo de inserção do cinema como objeto de ressignificação da Praça Marechal Floriano, nomeada Cinelândia na década de 1930. Supondo que este sentido empregado ao local não está somente na construção ou transformação dos prédios dos cinemas, mas nas ressignificações operadas pelo meio social, a análise assinala a importância do projeto do empresário espanhol Francisco Serrador Carbonell, que construiu no local um complexo de cine-teatros que tinha o objetivo de recriar a atmosfera da Broadway de Nova Iorque nos anos 1920. A hipótese é que as reformas urbanísticas empreendidas décadas atrás e que tinham como objetivo inserir a cidade do Rio de Janeiro como símbolo da modernidade brasileira tenham contribuído para desencadear investimentos como os de Serrador. A cidade ganhou ares cosmopolitas, atraiu os investidores internacionais e recebeu enorme contingente de imigrantes estabelecendo as bases sociais e mercadológicas para a recepção do modelo industrial do cinema americano, que Serrador trouxe ao Brasil. O trabalho de pesquisa observou as mudanças de significado operadas na Praça Floriano. Após a reforma do prefeito Pereira Passos o local se tornou símbolo nacional da esfera pública republicana e posteriormente após a Primeira Guerra Mundial se tornou um espaço popular. As salas de cinema de Serrador proporcionaram uma experiência social e urbana.

O cinema em cena: um instrumento de inovação pedagógica

Este estudo investiga a produção cinematográfica no âmbito escolar com a introdução das novas ferramentas (mídias) para a dinamização do aprendizado educacional, com um enfoque na linha de pesquisa de inovação pedagógica e destaca essencialmente o cinema como ferramenta didático-pedagógica, numa perspectiva inovadora no Ensino Médio. Para tanto, traz como principal objetivo analisar a produção cinematográfica dos alunos de uma escola pública no nordeste brasileiro, buscando identificar se esta constitui ou não uma prática pedagógica inovadora. Assim, procura conhecer a experiência da produção cinematográfica da escola e verificar se esse recurso de mídia, da forma como vem sendo utilizado e apropriado pela escola, evidencia traços de inovação pedagógica, identificando limites e possibilidades na utilização desse recurso no favorecimento do protagonismo juvenil e nas atitudes cidadãs de autonomia. O referencial teórico apoiou-se nos escritos de Bergala (2006), Bogdan & Biklen, (1994), Fino (2003, 2007), Freire (1982, 1995), Giddens (1991), Gimeno Sacristán (2007), Kuhn (2009), Lapassade (2005), Perrenoud (2000, 2008, 2010), Sousa & Fino (2001, 2007), Papert (2008) Toffler (2001), dentre outros que trazem discussões acerca da organização escolar, seus modelos e procedimentos quanto à aquisição do conhecimento. A investigação se utiliza de uma abordagem qualitativa de cunho etnográfico, com a realização de uma pesquisa de campo, bem como dos recursos da entrevista e do grupo focal com alunos e professor, observação da dinâmica das práticas pedagógicas dentro e fora da sala de aula e conversas informais. Os resultados apontam que as práticas desenvolvidas pelos atores (professor e alunos) que constroem e desvelam as sutilezas do processo de ensino aprendizagem na escola Charles Chaplin evidenciam traços de inovação pedagógica, nos moldes do currículo da escola fabril, pois buscam implantar e difundir um novo paradigma através de práticas construídas, contribuindo para a transformação das formas de aquisição do conhecimento nos ambientes escolares.

Hemeroteca digital temática: socialização da informação em cinema

MEDEIROS, Rildeci; MELO, Erica S. F.; NASCIMENTO, M. S. Hemeroteca digital temática: socialização da informação em cinema.In:SEMINÁRIO NACIONAL DE BIBLIOTECAS UNIVERSITÁRIAS,15.,2008,São Paulo. Anais eletrônicos... São Paulo:CRUESP,2008. Disponível em: http://www.sbu.unicamp.br/snbu2008/anais/site/pdfs/3018.pdf

A magia do cinema na praça:apropriação do espaço e sociabilidade em Salvador-BA

It s in the city spaces, molded from the uses and daily appropriations, that life is woven, as a product of the social relationships from the accumulation of history along with the present day fabric. Within this relationship, the old and the new are elements which make up this tapestry, as a result of the contribution of successive generations. The public square is seen as an example of this relationship, since it consists of a fertile space for opportunities of urban life coexistence. It is within the trace of these considerations that the present study emerges regarding the appropriation and sociability of the Tomé de Sousa Square, located in the city of Salvador, BA, having as its main focus the special relation between the cinema and the public square, as it relates to the space of the exhibition of cinematographic art. The showing of films in public squares makes possible a distinctive means of appropriation which has occurred ever since the beginning of the cinema. Today in Brazil, projects of this nature abound, which aim at presenting the seventh art to a great portion of the population which doesn t have access to conventional movie theater projection rooms. This particular Projeto Cinema na Praça Cinema in the Square Project carried out in Salvador, has become the empirical reference point for such work. This journey reveals the fascination that this great art has woven through time, attracting and charming multitudes. The cinema touches people in a special way, stirring up affectionate feelings, which are reflected in multiple social practices. Regarding this work, what stands out above all are the projections in the squares, initiatives which make it possible for the films to be watched collectively. What was taken into account in order to carry out this work were the reports of those who came regularly to watch the cinema in the Square sessions, those involved with the cinema projects team, and the film makers. To do the work, besides a bibliographical revision, observations were made of participants in the Tomé de Sousa Square, taken from semi-structured interviews with people involved with the film projection projects and those who came regularly to the cinema in the Square sessions. Also investigations were made in newspapers, printed magazines and the internet, from document and iconographic sources. The photographic documentation proved to be an important contribution to the field work. The research therefore develops from the understanding that the social practices are what make possible the uses of and the appropriation of the spaces. Within this perspective the public square emerges as a privileged locus where possibilities flourish for multiple manifestations that social practices can generate

A dimensão ética do cinema de Walter Salles: hospitalidade, religação e perdão

Soulignant l´importance des transformations du discours politique du cinéma brésilien actuel, cet étude entreprend une analyse de la dimension éthique du cinéma de Walter Salles. Pour cela, nous avons parti de trois films long-métrages du directeur: Terra Estrangeira, Central do Brasil et Abril Despedaçado. Les films sélectionnés constituent les trois diférents chapitres de cette mémoire de maîtrise, qui s´articulent a des diférentes dimensions de l´éthique - l´hospitalité, la réliaison, et le pardon- et se présentent em format essayistique. Au texte, ces dimensions éthiques émergent à partir des récits, surtout des expériences existencielles des protagonistes et de ses singulières rencontres avec l´altérité. Comme tel, dialoguent avec des réflétions d´auteurs comme Edgar Morin, Zigmunt Bauman, Julia Kristeva, Paul Ricoeur et Hannah Arendt. Des diférents régistres de la connaissance -artistique, scientifique, religieuse- s´articulent donc dans le travail, et dialoguent en condition d´égalité. La recherche fait usage de matériels multiples qui incluent, au-delà des films mentionnés, et de ses respectifs scripts, des références à d´autres long-métrages et documentaires du directeur, ainsi que, des makingoffs, entretiens, et interprétations de commentaristes comme Lucia Nagib, Luiz Zanin Oricchio, Ivana Bentes, Pedro Butcher e Jurandir Freire Costa

Gênero ou sexualidade?: (re) produção das identidades homoeróticas masculinas no cinema de massa

Homosexuality has been gaining strength in Cinema from the late twentieth century, when there is a dissemination of freedoms around the peripheral or marginal sexualities. Based on this assumption, it was formulated in the dissertation work, an analysis of the relationship between Cinema and Sexuality in order to understand, describe, reflect and analyze possible changes around the performative behaviors of male homosexual from the introduction of them in film production, arising from the mass culture industry. These productions are located in three different decades. In this case, the Cinema has not only the reproductive character of realities, but also a producing agent and consolidating them. The methodology applied was discourse analysis of three film works, namely La Cage aux Folles (1978), In & Out (1997) and Boat Trip (2002). The image, research object of this work, is developed by a mass culture that will produce mass identities which is characterized by crystallization of clichés around the gay world

Escrever o movimento: o cinema itinerante como reinvenção de uma estética do viver

La tesis parte del presupuesto que el cine ofrece la imensa capacidad de entretejer de forma compleja realidad e imaginación. Con eso sugerimos que tal cual una "escuela de vida", según la definición de Edgar Morin (2003), el cine, por medio de sus producciones y exibiciones, pude ser capaz de operar un movimiento de reinvención de una estética del vivir en el espacio de lo improbable. De ahi surge la pregunta: ¿Cómo un fenómeno artístico, estético e imagético puede realizar tal movimiento? Tomando como referencia el guión de vida del personaje de la vida real José Isaias de Lucena Filho, más conocido por Zezeco, encontramos pistas de esa reinvención. Residente de una pequeña ciudad del interior de la província de Rio Grande do Norte, llamada Ouro Branco, en la década del 1960, se desplazó hacia el centro-sur de Brasil y retornó a su lugar de partida con la idea de trabajar proyectando peliculas. De manera singular y plural, este sujeto asumió el riesgo y la incertidumbre de enfrentar determinismos sociales, climáticos y culturales para proponer nuevas simbolizaciones por medio del cine itinerante. La presencia del séptimo arte en pequeñas ciudades de hábitos rurales marcadas por la miséria, el hambre, la negligéncia, el coronelismo político y los problemas climáticos, alteró escenários, actualizó mitos y proporcionó nuevas interacciones entre los sujetos. Zezeco entró en las cifras del éxodo rural y emigró hacia Rio de Janeiro, pero su éxodo fue cinematográfico, porque le sirvió como base para la inserción de efectos especiales fantásticos y poéticos en guiones de vidas inmersas en lo trivial y lo contingente. Tal cual un cinematógrafo vivo, capturó el escenário cultural efervescente de Rio de Janeiro y lo proyectó en la pequeña ciudad de Ouro Branco y en otras ciudades del interior de las províncias de Rio Grande do Norte y Paraiba. Con ello le atribuyó un nuevo uso a la vida de su lugar de partida y de retorno. Actuó en la ambiguedad, la ambivalencia y la complejidad entre el sapiens e el demens; real e imaginario; prosa y poesia de la vida; razón y pasión; racional y simbólico; lógico y mítico. El alcance de la investigación contempla entrevistas, memória, registros manuscritos y fotografías de colección particular de habitantes de la ciudad de Ouro Branco-RN. Como referenciales teóricos principales, tenemos las obras de Edgar Morin sobre el cine y de otros autores como Giorgio Agamben y Maria da Conceição de Almeida que expanden la comprensión sobre el entreejido de realidad e imaginación, vida e ideas

Cinema e educação :interfaces, conceitos e práticas docentes

This project goes beyond the interfacial field of cinema, History and education. We take as our object the epistemological potential of the cinema at the educational scenario, specifically the use of films integrated to the practices of History teachers and educative processes in which we have taken part as a builder. Our objective is to map, initially, the knowledge around this use to search a synthesis and its empirical application. From the methodological point of view, we have made use of different perspectives: (a) interviews with the educator subjects; (b) observation of their practices and formative circumstances; (c) filmic analysis and the relation of the cinema s epistemology with the other areas ones (initially History and further Journalism). Our analysis allowed us to portrait the film such as an epistemological-troubling category, what makes the cinema rather a builder technology and not simply a complementary and illustrative technological resource. Therefore, we have realized that the restriction to the cinema s educational function is linked to the restrictions to the theoretical categories to an only interfacial aspect: historical film as a film which portraits the past (at the historical field) and film on journalism as a film which approaches a single object of Journalism (at the journalistic field). These discussions happen, consequently, at the arena of the nature of cinema s genres (fiction and documentary), which are understood in a naïve way, simpler than its epistemological possibilities, boosted at this research when we analyze the confluence between fiction and reality. The reflections on educative practices and in formation related to the cinema had occurred in three empirical realities: research with professors in performance, practices docent s and accompaniment of students of history. Have to do with our personal career as a teacher and researcher and, when analyzed other practices, have become, unavoidably, the subject and object of this project

A interculturalidade no cinema: um estudo da legendagem e da dublagem brasileiras em um filme francês contemporâneo

In this research we present a study of cultural aspects in dubbed and subtitled films. As a case study, we chose to compare the original French version of "Le fabuleux destin d'Amelie Poulain" with both the subtitled and the dubbed versions in Portuguese, with focus on the interaction between the French and the Brazilian cultures. First we considered that (i) the translation process interferes on the perception of cultural relationships; and that (ii) dubbing and subtitling are two methods of translation that result in distinct perceptions from the spectator. Then, we adopted the translation interpretative theory (Seleskovicth; Lederer, 2001; Deslile, 1980) as the general theoretical framework, since it emphasizes the extralinguistic equivalence on the translation process. Furthermore, we based this research on three analytical procedures, which are: the four-step translating operation, the contrastive perception and a translation's typology based on Vinay and Dalbernet's linguistic procedures (Srpová, 1991, 1995, 2004). We extracted forty-six culture-related elements from the film and identified those belonging to the French ethno-universe. Then, the elements were classified with respect to a theoretical typology, based on concepts found in the Ethnography of Communication and a general typology, based on five general thematic groups, defined by the corpus. The results showed that both Brazilian versions tend to preserve those culture-related elements by using lexical loan and literal translation. The visual context, in its association with the linguistic procedures in both Brazilian versions, was also observed as an important element to the comprehension of the culture-related elements as they are considered in the French culture. As a general observation, the perception of culture-related elements in the film seems effectively be oriented by the translation methods

O futuro do presente: a mídia audiovisual e a sociedade contemporânea na ficção científica do cinema de animação

This research presents a study that seeks to analyze the images of the future in science fiction movies, specifically those made through animation techniques, exploring particularly the representation of audiovisual communication medias in its dialogue with the approached societies in the movies chosen to be analyzed. The proposed discussion seeks approximations in order to answer to the question that initiated this research: how are we thinking the future nowadays? It also seeks to, according to Morin (1997), comprehend aspects of the contemporary society by using the cinema, and at the same time, to understand the cinema, aided by a social analysis

A mídia dos outros somos nós: a experiência audiovisual do Ponto de Cultura Cinema para Todos

This research aims to identify the process of appropriation of audio visual (in digital video) for collective symbolic production (participatory video practice that expresses popular culture) in a socio-cultural context where the minorities are. Therefore, we based this study on the students‟ experience of the film and video workshops held by Cinema para Todos (Culture Point Cine for All), in Natal, RN. Culture Point is the basis of the project Programa Nacional de Cultura, Educação e Cidadania Cultura Viva (National Program of Culture, Education and Citizenship - Living Culture) of the Brazilian Ministry of Culture. In 2010, the Cine for All developed three film and video workshops in the state of Rio Grande do Norte (Northeastern of Brazil), in the municipalities of Açu, Lajes and São Gonçalo do Amarante, within a public policy project of socio-cultural inclusion. These three workshops are the focus of this empirical investigation. To support the analysis of this research we consider that the spaces of workshops are sites of the social practices origin, assuming they show the development of the changes of actions that generate new practices. In this socio-cultural context the students as interlocutors process the communicative culture mediation, where come from the logics of action (using digital video) to become a mediatic practice (video auto ethnographic). With the overall goal set and the field of investigative action delimited we considered the methodology of case study suitable for the observation of the object, because it is a phenomenon of modernity, occurring in a context of real life and with little or no control over events. Participant observation and interviews was also applied to this case study. The analytical theoretical support comes from the notion of mediation by Jesús Martín-Barbero and the concept of habitus by Pierre Bourdieu. The research found that a new way of communicating has been developing by this social group, and this reflects the technological change experienced by them. The auto ethnographic videos, short movies, reveal an allegorical trial of the mainstream media, because while they use the mainstream format, they rework the aesthetic, but without revising the history, in fact they proposing to retell the history of themselves full of colorful details and with richness of their forgotten popular culture.

Cinema itinerante no Rio Grande do Norte: aspectos da recepção

In itinerant film projects made in Brazil, the unique experience of watching movies on the big screen is held in open spaces, through the establishment of a contemporary ritual, under which the presence of spectators is primordial. Considering this dynamic of the performance of itinerant cinema, the main objective of this research is to analyze the process of reception of the spectators of the sessions of Cine Sesi Cultural, conducted by the Social Service Industry - Sesi, in Rio Grande do Norte state. The body of research was composed by the audience of the movie sessions of the edition developed in 2010. Analyses were made from the look on the specific audience of open sessions of this cinema project throughout a case study. Theoretical authors of Latin American as Jesus Martin-Barbero, Guillermo Orozco, Eliseo Veron and Nestor Garcia Canclini, which have important theoretical basis for the analysis of research on the cinematographic reception of the spectators, were taken as a basis. In this discussion are associated with contributions from Brazilian authors as Roseli Paulino, Fernando Mascarello, Mauro Wilton Souza, Nilda Jacks and Carolina Escostesguy. Besides the reception study, the research focuses on aspects that relate to and explain the circumstances in which itinerant cinema emerges as an alternative exhibition, for example, the context of the exhibition of films in the country, lack of public policies in the audiovisual sector, and mainly the closing of movie theaters in the inner cities of the country and the consequent migration of these rooms to the malls. Seeking to reduce the existing gap in the studies of the reception of spectators to the cinema in the country, this research presents a deeper analysis of the reception of the public of the itinerant cinema as a contribution to an important database for the diagnosis of projects such as the Cine Sesi Cultural