Turismo no entorno do Parque Nacional do Cabo Orange, Amapá

Este trabalho de pesquisa analisou o turismo no entorno do Parque Nacional do Cabo Orange, no estado do Amapá. Para isso, utilizou-se de um enfoque qualitativo para compreender a realidade das duas comunidades residentes nesse entorno, Vila Velha do Cassiporé e Vila Cunani e suas percepções acerca de turismo, bem como entender o papel das principais instituições governamentais e não-governamentais que tentam implementar políticas de desenvolvimento nesse Parque Nacional. Diante disso, verificou-se que as políticas públicas direcionadas para o entorno dessa unidade de conservação ainda são incipientes, assim como há uma visível fragmentação do tecido social dessas duas comunidades tradicionais residentes. Ademais, percebeu-se que existem potencialidades naturais, históricas e culturais que podem ser trabalhadas no fomento de produtos turísticos, entretanto, ainda não há um trabalho voltado para tal fim. Portanto, concluiu-se que os limites são maiores do que as possibilidades no desenvolvimento do turismo nesse entorno do Parque Nacional do Cabo Orange. Dessa maneira, cabe às instituições competentes e comunidades residentes desse entorno exercitarem a participação como garantia de sustentabilidade para que o turismo possa a vir a ser uma possibilidade de inclusão social, desenvolvimento e indutor de conservação dos recursos naturais e culturais dessa unidade de conservação de uso integral no norte do estado do Amapá.

Minería y actores sociales: estudio comparativo entre Parauapebas (Pará, Brasil) y El Pangui (Zamora Chinchipe, Ecuador)

Esta tese é o de informar a seu leitor a situação atual da mineração e às interações de comunicação pelos diferentes atores sociais relacionada com mineração da Amazônia tanto equatoriana como brasileira. Dá uma compreensão de sua funcionalidade dentro do "sistema" assim como de sua normalização e regulamentação do "mundo da vida", onde a racionalidade seria insuficiente para chegar a compreender os diferentes contextos das situações dadas e, mas bem é necessário usar os imperativos do "mundo da vida", a fim de ter uma melhor compreensão da dinâmica da mineração. A principal técnica metodológica abordada é caracterizada pela análise de discurso com base em entrevistas semi-estruturadas aplicadas á diversidade de atores sociais em três níveis institucionais, semi-institucionais e extra-institucional correspondente a cada uma de suas estruturas funcionais sejam as mesmas no político, social, econômico, ecológico e cultural, e sua relação coma "Teoria da Ação Comunicativa" de Jürgen Habermas; Na qual trabalhou-se as estruturas funcionais do Estado (Governo) e Políticas Públicas (constituição, Lei de mineração) capaz de fazer frente ás reduções cognitivo-instrumental da racionalidade; em segundo lugar, de um conceito de sociedade (ação coletiva e "mundo da vida") articulado em dois níveis, que associa os paradigmas "mundo da vida" e "sistema", e que a seu vez explica o tipo de patologias sociais que se esta tornando cada vez mais visíveis na sociedade de hoje. Entre os principais resultados se tem a mudança de mentalidade do povo equatoriano sobre o apoderamento dos recursos naturais, com base nas novas redefinições sociopolíticas do governo atual; como o direito da natureza, o direito do bom viver, direitos das comunidades, povos e nacionalidades, direito de participação, etc. Além disso, em termos de Brasil deixa claro que suas políticas de mineração passam por importantes alterações que visam, principalmente, as relações estabelecidas entre o Estado Federal e da esfera econômica considerando-se no possível alcançar um melhor controle e uso dos recursos naturais; Algumas dessas estratégias estão voltadas para a infraestrutura vial, portoaria, e hidrelétrica, permitindo o desenvolvimento industrial, crescimento econômico e social do país.

Respecting and fulfilling the right of post-primary pupils to consent to participate in trials and evaluative research: A discussion paper

This paper provides an introduction to issues surrounding the participation rights of young people in research and the implications of their growing involvement in research as well as providing a discourse on the ethical implications related to consent. The unique contribution of this paper is that it considers children’s rights in respect to the increasing opportunities for young people to take part in evaluation research. The aim of this paper, therefore, is to acknowledge the growing involvement for young people in research and the implications of ensuring that their rights of participation are respected. Secondly we will consider the children’s rights legislation and our obligations as researchers to implement this. Finally we will explore consent as an issue in its own right as well as the practicalities of accessing participants. This paper will postulate that any research about young people should involve and prioritise at all stages of the research process; including participation in decision-making. We conclude by identifying five key principles, which we believe can help to facilitate the fulfilment of post-primary pupils’ ability to consent to participate in trials and evaluative research.

O Direito da Participação das Crianças, em contexto escolar

Relatório de Estágio apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação de Paula Frassinetti para a obtenção de Mestre em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico

A Human Rights Perspective on Citizen Participation in the EU's Governance of New Technologies

This article considers the EU’s approach to citizen participation in the governance of new technologies from a human rights perspective. Noting that there is a dearth of insight on the interplay between citizen participation and human rights, the article sketches the essence of its own human rights perspective as being about empowerment. This perspective is brought to bear on EU discourse on citizen participation in the governance of new technologies. Analysis of the discourse—comprising law, citizen participation in EU governance and citizen/science relations, the ‘public understanding of science and technology’, risk and bioethics—reveals a disempowering ‘deficit model’ of citizens in need of education through their participation in governance. The analysis thus suggests that citizen participation in EU governance of new technologies is not truly informed by human rights, but is instead used as a legitimating technique.

Social participation and protagonism: Reflections fron the Conference of the Rights of Children’s and adolescent in Brazil

This paper examines the children and young people's participation and protagonism rights based on the Conferences on Children and Adolescents Rights' experience in Brazil, based on childhood sociology. Conferences' documents were consulted on the Brazilian government websites. These study findings revealed that young people's participation has increased in the last conferences. However, it is necessary to promote a systematic and genuine participation through democratic relations construction in all development contexts where childrenand adolescent live in order to modify their life and society participative practices.

Workshop on public participation in international negotiations on environmental matters: Panel on environmental justice and access rights for sustainable development in Latin America and the Caribbean

This publication was prepared with financial support from the United Nations Development Account and the project “Addressing critical socio-environmental challenges in Latin America and the Caribbean ”

Research participation of individuals with dementia : decisional capacity, informed consent, and considerations for nurse investigators

Decisional capacity is a precious component of personhood and is progressively diminished in dementia. Conducting research with individuals with dementia demands a commitment to ensure the quest for knowledge does not overwhelm the rights of those it is intended to protect. The purposes of this article are to describe current understandings of the concept of decisional capacity, describe recent regulatory developments related to the consideration of additional protections for decisionally impaired adults, and provide recommendations for nurse investigators working with this vulnerable group.

Social Participation of Community Dwelling Stroke Survivors [Published Abstract: From the Quality of Care and Outcomes Research in Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke Conference 2009]

Disability following a stroke can impose various restrictions on patients’ attempts at participating in life roles. The measurement of social participation, for instance, is important in estimating recovery and assessing quality of care at the community level. Thus, the identification of factors influencing social participation is essential in developing effective measures for promoting the reintegration of stroke survivors into the community. Data were collected from 188 stroke survivors (mean age 71.7 years) 12 months after discharge from a stroke rehabilitation hospital. Of these survivors, 128 (61 %) had suffered a first ever stroke, and 81 (43 %) had a right hemisphere lesion. Most (n = 156, 83 %) were living in their own home, though 32 (17 %) were living in residential care facilities. Path analysis was used to test a hypothesized model of participation restriction which included the direct and indirect effects between social, psychological and physical outcomes and demographic variables. Participation restriction was the dependent variable. Exogenous independent variables were age, functional ability, living arrangement and gender. Endogenous independent variables were depressive symptoms, state self-esteem and social support satisfaction. The path coefficients showed functional ability having the largest direct effect on participation restriction. The results also showed that more depressive symptoms, low state self-esteem, female gender, older age and living in a residential care facility had a direct effect on participation restriction. The explanatory variables accounted for 71% of the variance in explaining participation restriction. Prediction models have empirical and practical applications such as suggesting important factors to be considered in promoting stroke recovery. The findings suggest that interventions offered over the course of rehabilitation should be aimed at improving functional ability and promoting psychological aspects of recovery. These are likely to enhance stroke survivors resume or maximize their social participation so that they may fulfill productive and positive life roles.

Minority activism : trends informing political participation across Australian communities

In the late 1990’s, intense and vigorous debate surrounded the impact of minority communities on Australia’s mainstream society. The rise of far-right populism took the stage with the introduction to the political landscape of Pauline Hanson and her One Nation party, whilst John Howard’s Liberal-National Coalition Government took the fore on debate over immigration issues corresponding with an influx of irregular arrivals. In 2001, following the September 11 terrorist attacks in the United States of America and subsequent attacks on western targets globally, many of these issues continued to be debated through the security posturing that followed. In recent years, much effort has been afforded to countering the threat of terrorism from home grown assailants. The Government has introduced stringent legislative responses whilst researchers have studied social movements and trends within Australian communities, particularly with respect to minorities. In 2008, the Scanlon Foundation, in association with Monash University and various government entities, released its findings into its survey approach to mapping social cohesion in Australia. It identified a number of spheres of exploration which it believed were essential to measuring cohesiveness of Australian communities generally including, economic, political and socio-cultural factors (Markus and Dharmalingam, 2008). This doctoral project report will explore the political sphere as identified in the Mapping Social Cohesion project and apply it to identified minority ethnic communities. The Scanlon Foundation project identified political participation as one of a number of true indicators of social cohesion. This project acknowledges that democracy in Australia is represented predominantly by two political entities representing a vast majority of constituents under a compulsory voting regime. This essay will identify the levels of political activism achieved by minority ethnic communities and access to democratic participation within the Australian political structure. It will define a ten year period from 1999 to 2009, identifying trends and issues within minority communities that have proactively and reactively promoted engagement in achieving a political voice, framed within a mainstream-dominated political system. It will research social movements and other influential factors over that period to enrich existing knowledge in relation to political participation rates across Australian communities.