Etnobotânica de plantas antimaláricas em comunidades indígenas da região do Alto Rio Negro – Amazonas – Brasil

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Horticultura) - FCA

Análise espacial e quimiométrica da distribuição de espécies metálicas em solos alagáveis e não alagáveis da Bacia do Médio Rio Negro, Amazônia

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Geocronologia de formas deposicionais e evolução da planície interleques do Rio Negro, quartenário da Bacia do Pantanal

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

In situ selective determination of methylmercury in river water by diffusive gradient in thin films technique (DGT) using baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) immobilized in agarose gel as binding phase

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Observaciones sobre las especies de truchas criollas.

The genus Percichthys (Serranidae) includes three nominal species in Argentina, trucha, vinciguerrae and altispinis. The authors of this paper examine materials from: 1: the Río Negro river in its inferior course, in front of Viedma; 2: lake Pellegrini, near Neuquén, where the rivers Neuquén and Limay meet and form the Negro; 3: Plottier, near the place just named; 4: Colorado river, in Fortín Uno; 5: Curacó river, a tributary to the Colorado, now cut into separate sections since years ago on account of the lack of water; this river normally would connect the Colorado with the rivers up to the San Juan where the « trucha » lives; 6: Luro or La Salada lagoon, formed by the Colorado river near its mouth; 7: Argentino lake, in the southern Patagonia. These fishes are known as « trucha criolla » or « native trout » although the old Spanish name was « perca », more appropiate. Percichthys altispinis Regan 1905 is a good species ; it has been re-found in the Colorado river, at Fortín Uno. An illustration of it is given, characters of four specimens and a note on its scales. P. trucha C. V. reveeals itself on close examination as a complex species or linnean species (linneon) ; with several combinations of characters, but even more materials are needed to establish if there are geographical races (subspecies). A new examination of the Chilean materials is required (former authors considered them jointly with the Atlantic versant or Argentine materials). Some of the infraspeciíic forms are prognathous, and low finned ; others, the contrary; the head may be normal, or conical and bony; etc. As to P. vinciguerrae its standing as a valid species is doubtfull; perhaps, with P. laevis Jenyns it is a southern form. In the same reduced habitat (lagoon, or isolated course) diversified forms are present; some show parallelism with those of other places ; it is supposed that they show ecological influences according to the year or season of birth or developpment. A thorough study of the scales is given, with epidological characteristics and general conciusions as to the method of measuring and comparing their « reading». There are some marked differences even in the same habitat.

Distribucion del genero Anodontites (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Mycetopodidae) en Uruguay

Distribution of the genus Anodontites (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Mycetopodidae) in Uruguay. Seven species of the freshwater mussel genus Anodontites were recorded from Uruguay. The populations of these bivalves suffer the negative effects of invasive bivalves, damming, industrial and urban discharges, and agrotoxic runoff. The distribution of these species is generally characterized at the level of basin or politic divisions, and precise geographic records are scarce. In order to detail the distribution of those species, the most representative collections of Uruguay were examined, the material of Anodontites was identified (612 records) and geographic coordenates were assigned at each locality (213 localities), using Geographic Information System (GIS) to obtain a distribution map for each species. Most of the localities with Anodontites were located in the left margin of Uruguay River and southwest of Uruguay, mainly in Soriano, Artigas, Salto and Colonia departments. The Salto Grande basin presented the highest species richness. The species with a highest number of records was A. patagonicus, which was also recorded in all basins. A. trapesialis and A. tenebricosus had a wide distribution and a high number of records. A. lucidus and A. ferrarisii, had a wide distribution (more than 6 basins) but comparatively lower number of records. Finally A. trapezeus and A. trigonus showed a limited distribution. There is a critical lack of samples in Merín Lagoon, Atlantic and Upper Negro River basins. It is necessary to carry out new sampling considering many variables in order to evaluate the current distribution and the ecologic preferences for each species.

Formas de propagação de espécies de uso medicinal popular em cinco municípios do estado do Amazonas

This work was carried out in five counties of Amazon State, Brazil, along the Solimoes/Amazonas and Negro Rivers. The objective was to identify the several forms of natural and induced propagation with medicinal plants, natives and exotics. The peoples were interviewed, with visit and recollection of botanical materials to herborization and reproduction. The greatest parts of plants propagate by seeds (65,8 per cent) and cutting (23,5 per cent). It was showed several species that reproduce by other strategies, like bulbs, rhizomes or brotations. The Amazonian species, in general, propagate by seeds, with some exceptions.

Contributions of ethnobiology to the conservation of tropical rivers and streams

1. This study aimed to link basic ethnobiological research on local ecological knowledge (LEK) to the conservation of Brazilian streams, based on two case studies: original data on LEK of fishermen about freshwater fish in the Negro River, Amazon, and previously published data about LEK of farmers on the ecological relationship between forest and streams in the Macabuzinho catchment, Atlantic Forest.2. Information was obtained from fishermen through interviews using standard questionnaires containing open-ended questions. Informants for interview were selected either following some defined criteria or applying the 'snowball' method.3. Fishermen's LEK about the diets and habitats of 14 fish species in the Negro River provided new biological information on plant species that are eaten by fish, in addition to confirming some ecological patterns from the biological literature, such as dependence of fish on forests as food sources.4. In the Atlantic Forest, a comparison between farmers' LEK and a rapid stream assessment in the farmers' properties indicated that farmers tended to overestimate the ecological integrity of their streams. Farmers recognized at least 11 forest attributes that correspond to the scientific concept of ecosystem services. Such information may be useful to promote or enhance dialogue among farmers, scientists and managers.5. These results may contribute to the devising of ecosystem management measures in the Negro River, aimed to conserve both rivers and their associated floodplain forests, involving local fishermen. In the Atlantic Forest, we proposed some initiatives, such as to allow direct economic use of their forests to conciliate conflicting perceptions of farmers about ecological benefits versus economic losses from reforestation. Despite their cultural, environmental and geographical differences, the two study cases are complementary and cost-effective and promising approaches to including LEK in the design of ecological research. Copyright (C) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

O rio Paraguai no megaleque do Nabileque, sudoeste do Pantanal mato-grossense, MS

The Nabileque fluvial fan is a Quaternary depositional system located along the southwestern border of the Pantanal, covering an area of approximately 9,100 km 2. It is a peculiar alluvial system because it is not associated with inflow from adjacent plateaus. The Nabileque megafan is formed by the Paraguay River at the exit of the Pantanal wetland, coalescing with the Pilcomayo megafan of the Chaco basin. A geomorphological zonation analysis was performed making use of remote sensing data with field verification. Most of the area is a vast alluvial plain made of Pleistocene deposits, whose surface is marked by the presence of an intricate network of distributary paleochannels. Areas blanketed by Pleistocene deposits are dissected by erosional streams and subject to frequent flooding events. The Paraguay River flows in a meander belt constrained by NE fractures associated with the Transbrasiliano Lineament, but deflects towards the SSE after the Negro River confluence composing the system's peripheral drainage. An abandoned meander belt is preserved within a remarkable N-S incised-valley that is interpreted as the ancient Paraguay River course. Processes of avulsion and river capture are suggested to explain the observed changes of the river course. The Nabileque River is an underfit stream within the incised-valley, cutting paleomeanders and point bars of the previous Paraguay River course.

Prevalência de hemogregarina em arraias de água doce (Potamotrygonidae) da região norte, com descrição de uma nova espécie de gênero

Pós-graduação em Biologia Geral e Aplicada - IBB

Determinação da fração lábil de mercúrio em águas fluviais

Pós-graduação em Geociências e Meio Ambiente - IGCE

Fácies sedimentares da Formação Prosperança, Neoproterozóico do Sul do Escudo das Guianas, estado do Amazonas

Rochas neoproterozóicas da Formação Prosperança, cobertura sedimentar da porção sul do Escudo das Guianas, são pobremente expostas quando comparadas com o registro sedimentar fanerozóico das bacias da Amazônia Ocidental. A Formação Prosperança consiste em conglomerados, arenitos arcosianos e pelitos que preenchem grábens no embasamento no Escudo das Guianas orientados segundo NW-SE. Esta unidade é sotoposta por rochas carbonáticas da Formação Acarí que ocorre apenas em subsuperfície, compondo o Grupo Purus, embasamento sedimentar das bacias paleozóicas produtoras de óleo da Amazônia. A análise de fácies e estratigráfica realizada na região do baixo rio Negro, Estado do Amazonas, indicou que a Formação Prosperança consiste em quatro associações de fácies representativas de um sistema flúvio-deltáico: 1) prodelta/lacustre, 2) frente deltaica, 3) foreshore/shoreface e 4) planície braided distal. Camadas tabulares de pelitos de prodelta extensos por quilômetros sugerem uma bacia sedimentar ampla de provável origem lacustre ou mar restrito. Lobos de frente deltaica complexos foram alimentados por distributários braided, formados por dunas subaquosas que migravam para NW do Bloco Amazônico durante o Neoproterozóico. Arenitos gerados sob condições de fluxo oscilatório/combinado são compatíveis com depósitos de praia e de face litorânea. A Bacia Prosperança foi fracamente invertida durante o intervalo Cambriano-Ordoviciano. Posteriormente estes depósitos são recobertos erosivamente por conglomerados e arenitos com estratificações cruzadas e planares interpretadas como depósitos fluviais do tipo braided, com migração para SE, pertencentes ao Grupo Trombetas do Eo-paleozóico da Bacia do Amazonas.

Paleoambiente da Formação Prosperança, embasamento neoproterozóico da Bacia do Amazonas

Rochas de idade neoproterozóica da Formação Prosperança, cobertura sedimentar da porção sul do Escudo das Guianas, são pobremente expostas quando comparadas com o registro paleozóico das bacias do Amazonas e Solimões. A Formação Prosperança consiste em conglomerados, arenitos arcosianos e pelitos que preenchem grábens no embasamento. Esta unidade é sotoposta por rochas carbonáticas da Formação Acarí (Neoproterozóico), observada apenas em subsuperfície, que agrupadas, representam o embasamento sedimentar das bacias paleozóicas produtoras de óleo da Amazônia. A precisa caracterização e reconstrução paleoambiental da Formação Prosperança são essenciais para a distinção entre unidades do embasamento sedimentar e paleozóicas. A análise estratigráfica foi realizada na região do baixo rio Negro, Estado do Amazonas. A Formação Prosperança consiste em quatro associações de fácies que foram interpretadas como produto de um sistema flúvio-deltaico: prodelta/lacustre, frente deltaica, foreshore/shoreface e planície braided distal. Camadas tabulares de pelitos distribuídos por quilômetros sugerem uma bacia sedimentar de provável origem lacustre/mar restrito. Lobos deltaicos complexamente estruturados foram alimentados por distributários braided que migravam para SE. Arenitos gerados sob condições de fluxo oscilatório/combinado são compatíveis com depósitos de face litorânea. Arenitos com estratificação cruzada e planar estão relacionados com a migração de dunas subaquosas associadas a processos fluviais braided. Camadas lenticulares de conglomerados e arenitos com estratificação cruzada e planar, de possível idade paleozóica, sobrepõem a Formação Prosperança erosivamente. Essas camadas são produtos de um sistema fluvial braided proximal que migrava para NW, sentido inverso dos valores de paleocorrentes dos arenitos Prosperança.