Modelo de Informações Português no Teatro de Operações de Angola 1961-1974

A presente investigação centra-se na temática das Informações no conflito entre Portugal e os Movimentos Independentistas de Angola no período de 1961 a 1974. Existindo uma extensa bibliografia centrada na componente das Operações, este trabalho explora outra vertente desenvolvendo a organização e a atividade de todas as entidades ligadas às Informações, procurando sistematizar a solução portuguesa na área das Informações para a guerra subversiva que combatia. O Objetivo Geral do trabalho visa “Descrever o Modelo de Informações Português no Teatro de Operações de Angola entre 1961-1974”. Para possibilitar essa descrição abordou-se a temática segundo um Modelo de análise de Informações apresentado pelo General Lucena, em que enquadra as Informações segundo três aceções, o Conhecimento, a Atividade e a Organização, centrando-se o trabalho na análise da Atividade e Organização. Enquadrado pelo Modelo de análise já referido e pretendendo responder aos objetivos utilizou-se o método dedutivo e a nível de procedimentos, o método histórico. Conclui-se que o Modelo de Informações Português foi evoluindo ao longo do tempo e reflete a doutrina portuguesa desenvolvida no período do conflito. A existência de agentes de informações, entidades militares e civis, que se especializaram na dimensão de recolha e tratamento de Informações foi significativa. A especialização na pesquisa, na análise ou na fiscalização garantiu uma rentabilização de meios. A criação de uma estrutura civil-militar e a partilha de informações nessa estrutura, demonstra um comando centralizado para este período, garantindo uma abordagem holística e integrada na compreensão do problema da subversão.

Executive order no. 2016-32

This executive order by Governor Nikki R. Haley orders an evacuation of all persons located in the specified Evacuation Zone A in Georgetown and Horry counties with the exception of those critical or emergency response personnel due to Hurricane Matthew and directs that specified units of the South Carolina National Guard, at the discretion of the AdJutant General in consultation with the Director of the Emergency Preparedness Division may remain on duty to assist civil authorities in these counties.

Executive order no. 2016-33

This executive order by Governor Nikki R. Haley order an evacuation of all persons located in the specified Evacuation Zone B in Colleton and Jasper counties with the exception of those critical or emergency response personnel and directs that specified units of the South Carolina National Guard, at the discretion of the Adjutant General in consultation with the Director of the Emergency Preparedness Division, may remain on duty to assist civil authorities in these counties.

From Civil Strife to Civil Society: civil and military responsibilities in disrupted states

"The 1990s saw the United Nations, the militaries of key member states, and NGOs increasingly entangled in the complex affairs of disrupted states. Whether as deliverers of humanitarian assistance or as agents of political, social, and civic reconstruction, whether in Somalia, Bosnia, Kosovo, or East Timor, these actors have had to learn ways of interacting with each other in order to optimize the benefits for the populations they seek to assist. Yet the challenges have proved daunting. Civil and military actors have different organizational cultures and standard operating procedures and are confronted with the need to work together to perform tasks to which different actors may attach quite different priorities."--BOOK JACKET.

Military Service Pensions for public and civil servants in independent Ireland

In 1924 the Cumann na nGaedheal government introduced the first Military Service Pensions Act to provide monetary compensation for those who fought for Irish independence between 1916 and 1923. Pensioners who were in receipt of remuneration from the state as civil and public servants had a portion of their pension deducted commensurate with their state income. This controversial provision was criticised by all political parties as representing a mean-spirited attitude towards veterans of the independence campaign and treating civil and public servants differently from those in private employment. It was eventually modified in the 1940s and abolished in the 1950s. This article provides a case study that highlights the parsimonious attitude of Irish governments towards veterans of the independence campaign and shows how the treatment of public and civil servants reflected tensions between the government and the civil service in the early years of the state.

Military empowerment and civilian targeting in civil war

Civilians constitute a large share of casualties in civil wars across the world. They are targeted to create fear and punish allegiance with the enemy. This maximizes collaboration with the perpetrator and strengthens the support network necessary to consolidate control over contested regions. I develop a model of the magnitude and structure of civilian killings in civil wars involving two armed groups who Öght over territorial control. Armies secure compliance through a combination of carrots and sticks. In turn, civilians di§er from each other in their intrinsic preference towards one group. I explore the e§ect of the empowerment of one of the groups in the civilian death toll. There are two e§ects that go in opposite directions. While a direct e§ect makes the powerful group more lethal, there is an indirect e§ect by which the number of civilians who align with that group increases, leaving less enemy supporters to kill. I study the conditions under which there is one dominant e§ect and illustrate the predictions using sub-national longitudinal data for Colombiaís civil war.

Strong armies, slow adaptation: civil-military relations and diffusion of military power

Why are some states more willing to adopt military innovations than others? Why, for example, were the great powers of Europe able to successfully reform their military practices to better adapt to and participate in the so-called military revolution of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries while their most important extra-European competitor, the Ottoman Empire, failed to do so? This puzzle is best explained by two factors: civil-military relations and historical timing. In the Ottoman Empire, the emergence of an institutionally strong and internally cohesive army during the early stages of state formation—in the late fourteenth century—equipped the military with substantial bargaining powers. In contrast, the great powers of Europe drew heavily on private providers of military power during the military revolution and developed similar armies only by the second half of the seventeenth century, limiting the bargaining leverage of European militaries over their rulers. In essence, the Ottoman standing army was able to block reform efforts that it believed challenged its parochial interests. Absent a similar institutional challenge, European rulers initiated military reforms and motivated officers and military entrepreneurs to participate in the ongoing military revolution.

Post-1988 civil-military relations in Myanmar

This paper explores the development of civil–military relations in Myanmar since 1988. After the Tatmadaw (Myanmar Armed Forces) took over the state by means of a coup d’état in 1988, the top generals ruled the country without recourse to significant formal political institutions such as a constitution, elections and parliament. A unique authoritarian regime, where political power was predominantly under the military’s influence, lasted for more than 20 years in the country. It seemed to many observers that the military regime was highly durable and that its dictator, General Than Shwe, had no intention of altering the highly repressive character of the political system. However, a new leader, President Thein Sein, who came to power in March 2011, has decided to implement some political and economic reforms that could undermine the Tatmadaw’s dominant role in politics and the economy. This paper examines the background to this sudden political change in Myanmar, focusing on the relationship between its dictator, the military and the state. This paper’s main argument is that Than Shwe has carefully prepared the transition of 2011 as a generational change in the Tatmadaw and in state leadership. The argument is also made that the challenges created by Thein Sein can be understood as a result of his redefinition of national security and balancing of security-centralism with state-led developmentalism.

Official register of the United States : persons in the civil, military, and naval service, exclusive of the Postal Service /

Subtitle varies.

Extension of expiring authorities and other legislative proposals : hearing on H.R. 6276 ... and H.R. 6277 ... before the Military Compensation Subcommittee of the Committee on Armed Services, House of Representatives, Ninety-five Congress, second session, March 22, 1978.

Mode of access: Internet.

The red book of Michigan; a civil, military and biographical history /

Civil history -- History of Michigan during the rebellion --Biographical history of Michigan -- Miscellaneous records.

History of Fulton County, Illinois : together with sketches of its cities, villages and townships, educational, civil, military, and political history ...

The reproduction ... made possible through the sponsorship of the Fulton County Historical and Genealogical Society, Canton, Illinois.