Isso aqui é uma escola técnica: um estudo discursivo de falas de professores do CTUR sobre seu trabalho no ensino médio e no ensino técnico

O presente trabalho se propõe a identificar sentidos de ensino médio, ensino técnico e trabalho do professor que se atualizam no embate entre ensino para o trabalho e ensino médio, no Colégio Técnico da Universidade Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Um breve histórico sobre o ensino técnico no Brasil e sobre a história do CTUR foi traçado, a fim de entender possíveis raízes do conflito entre o ensino para o trabalho e o ensino médio. Para ouvir os professores falarem sobre o seu trabalho, optamos pela entrevista como um dispositivo metodológico, a fim de dar voz ao docente do CTUR, de modo que fosse possível ter acesso a textos sobre o embate não disponíveis em outras circunstâncias. (ROCHA, DAHER, SANTANNA, 2004). O aporte teórico desta pesquisa se fundamenta nos pressupostos da Análise do Discurso, no que se refere à concepção de prática discursiva e subjetividade (MAINGUENEAU, 1997, 2008, 2011); e no que concerne ao trabalho, na perspectiva ergológica (SCHWARTZ, 1997, 2010), em particular, os conceitos de experiência, trabalho, normas antecedentes e renormalizações. Para a análise dos fragmentos construídos a partir das falas dos professores, usamos os estudos de Koch (2011) sobre as modalidades do discurso; a heterogeneidade enunciativa, segundo Authier-Revuz (1990), e a negação polêmica, conforme Ducrot (1987). As análises nos levaram a refletir sobre alguns embates presentes nas falas dos professores, como, por exemplo, as especificidades do trabalho, o ensino para a academia ou para o mercado e a valorização do ensino médio. As conclusões apontam para a possibilidade da abertura de um debate relacionado às questões históricas, políticas e filosóficas sobre o embate ensino médio/ensino técnico a fim de contribuir para o entendimento das funções dos sujeitos no CTUR

A representação da saúde: uma análise crítica do discurso da revista Womens Health Brasil

Este estudo foi concebido com o intuito de preencher uma lacuna na área de Linguística, pois lida com o tratamento do tema da saúde e bem-estar em uma revista feminina brasileira, especificamente voltada para tal assunto. A presente dissertação objetiva discutir como o tema saúde e bem estar é apresentado na revista Womens Health Brasil, a qual apregoa em sua missão ser voltada para a saúde e bem estar da mulher moderna. A constatação inicial que se faz é que o tópico saúde e bem estar são produtos discursivamente comodificados, ou seja, é tratado como uma espécie de mercadoria. Tal constatação suscitou a necessidade de investigar de que formas esse processo ocorria. Adotou-se como embasamento teórico a perspectiva da Análise Crítica do Discurso (Fairclough, 1992), uma teoria e método de análise que compatibiliza análise de material linguístico e considerações sobre o uso social da linguagem e seus impactos no componente discursivo da identidade pessoal. Foram analisadas as edições de março e abril de 2015, bem como a edição online, com vistas ao preenchimento dos três níveis de análise propostos por Fairclough. Primeiramente, foram encontradas evidências micro e macro linguísticas (padrões lexicais, sintáticos e discursivos) que apontam para a existência de papéis sociais atribuídos à mulher e a relações de poder pautadas pela revista. Por terem sido transformados em um produto, saúde e bem estar são vendidos a um público especifico de mulheres, cuja identidade é projetada e construída discursivamente em termos de assimetria em relação à revista. O segundo nível estudado foi o da prática discursiva, em que se analisou a intertextualidade, que se apresenta como uma estratégia de ratificação dos valores transmitidos pela revista. Finalmente, identificou-se que existe uma formação identitária da leitora que tende a retratá-la como alguém desprovidas das informações necessárias para ser a mulher idealizada pela revista. O nível do discurso como prática social mostra que linguagem e sociedade colocam-se lado a lado no processo de formação de conceitos e valores que, frequentemente, tornam-se cristalizados, a exemplo do que ocorre no discurso da revista. As conclusões do trabalho apontam para a objetificação da saúde por meio de um discurso que induz ao consumo, à insatisfação pessoal e à uma falsa relação de parceria entre revista e leitora. Esta relação articula-se principalmente através da tentativa de vender uma série de produtos, dos quais a saúde é o principal pretexto.

Alternância no uso dos modos indicativo e subjuntivo em orações subordinadas substantivas: uma comparação entre o português do Brasil e o francês do Canadá

The purpose of this work is to analyze the use of the indicative mood, instead of the subjunctive prescribed by the normative grammar, in complement clauses introduced by the conjunction que in Brazilian Portuguese. Contexts of use of the subjunctive according to grammatical prescription, and contexts of fluctuation on the use of that verbal mood were analyzed, in an attempt to investigate what interferes on the choice of the mood by the user of the language. This study is based on North-American Functional Linguistics theoretical perspective, oriented to analyzing language in use, in the light of the principles of grammaticalization and markedness. The results obtained support that the contexts that favor the indicative over the subjunctive are those composed by a complement clause functioning as a direct object the unmarked clause of all complement clauses and by a verb on the main sentence that belongs to the semantic field of low certainty, corresponding to the epistemic sub-mode the unmarked category of the deontic sub-mode. The results indicate that pragmatics and semantics factors influence the language user on the choice of the verbal mood. This research also presents comparative data on the use of the indicative mood in place of the subjunctive in Brazilian Portuguese and Canadian French, aiming to providing suggestions on language teaching

Slogans políticos em campanhas eleitorais no Rio Grande do Norte: a mídia na disputa ideológica.

To the observe the periods of electoral campaigns, we can realize sharply the abundance of political propaganda that announces the candidates, their campaign record, their proposed and everything that can carry them to the victory in the urns. The propaganda is today an essential tool in the votes dispute, in consequence of this, there is, in Brazil, the increasing participation of the Politics Parties in seminars of electoral marketing. They are varied strategies of the media used in the divulging of the candidacies, among them the slogan. Instigated by the explicit relation media/political, this work intends to investigate the ideologies (values) announced by the slogans of political propaganda that circulated in electoral periods. Thus, we base on the theory of the Circle of Bakhtin, who considers the statement as unit of the verbal communication, and that conceives the language as phenomenon dialogical, and, too, in the conceptions of alien words, social voices and dialogical relations formulated by the referred theory. We use, for better to comprehend, the slogan as strategy mediatic, of the classical study done by Olivier Reboul concerning the slogan; and, like starting point of a conception about ideology, studied John Thompson to comprehends the ideological phenomenon. Our corpus it constitutes of 14 political slogans announced in the campaigns for mayor of the cities in Natal and Mossoró, both located in Rio Grande do Norte s state, Brazil, in 1996, 2000 and 2004. For the analysis of these slogans, we consider the social-historical context in which were announced, being contemplated the linguistic and discursive aspect, according to the following methodological order: the identification of alien words (interdiscours); the social voices and the kinds dialogical relations established; and, finally, the ideology announced by the statement. This way, we can arrive to the conclusion that in the electoral context occurs a true ideologies war , in other words, in the political game of an electoral campaign, the slogans announces different values, which vary in several factors function, for example, the historicity, the subject that enunciates, the discursive positionings.

João Cabral de Melo Neto: a estética do avesso

La pieza-poema Morte e Vida severina Auto de natal pernambucano, de João Cabral de Melo Neto, publicada en 1956, es el principal objeto de este estudio, interaccionando con las obras O Cão sem plumas y O rio por la similitud temática entre ellas: el estudio sobre esas obras busca una lectura desvinculada del posicionamiento constructivista y metalingüístico que por tradición configura la obra cabralina, no por negar a la crítica literaria que da respaldo científico, pero con la pretensión de lanzar una nueva mirada dirigida para el concepto de barroco, materia ésta que implica la creación poética a partir de la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Por lo tanto, este trabajo presenta una propuesta de análisis de la poesía de João Cabral a partir del contexto neobarroco. Considerando, sobre todo, los aspectos similares a la temática del barroco, el enfoque recae sobre la influencia de la literatura ibérica por que pasa el poeta João Cabral, así como la temática sobre el conflicto existencial explorado en el texto Morte e Vida severina, y aún, los extractos de lenguaje con significación múltiple que presentan signos metonímicos y metafóricos.

Um olhar sobre as veredas rosianas.

The present work objective to study the configurations that the hinterland it acquires in the workmanship Great hinterland: trails, of Guimarães Rosa demonstrating as this author humanize this element, conferring to it characters universal mystics and through investigations, uncertainties, the auto-corrections of Riobaldo that become hinterland a metaphor of the human interior. Three are the chapters, that they will guide this work: the chapter 1 presents as element key for characterization of the epic one in Great hinterland: trails, the mining hinterland replete of trails, palco of exuberant vegetation, huge and multidimensional scene, where it has an entrecruzamento of fiction and reality. It retakes quarrel of critics as Manuel Cavalcanti Proença, Roberto Schwarz, on the existing epic character in the Great hinterland: trails, constructed from deriving myths of the universal culture, that they had been become popular. The brave and gracious knight, that it has its representabilidade in the popular culture. Thus the medieval hero, the knight represented for the Riobaldo personage, it is cognominado by Proença as Don Riobaldo of the Urucuia, knight of the general fields. O chapter 2 is a study on the popular culture in Rosa and Cascudo. Cascudo the example of Rosa also is exímio studious of the brazilian life, the regionalization and the popular manifestations proceeding from other cultures. O chapter 3 it has as focus of analysis two mitopoéticas personages: Diadorim e Luzia-Homem, which in the cited narratives they generally they assume functions generally atribute the men. Since children, if they dresses male. Valley to point out that Diadorim is not characterized as man, since in Great hinterland:trails if trajaq always as gunman. Luzia, when complete 18 anos pass if to dress as woman, but the stigma of male and female, inherited of the time where it coexisted the father folloies it for all the life. They suffer pain to have been born to fight and to não conhecer to love. They die you deliver the God. This study detects exactly that Diadorim and Luzia-Homem, are personages associates the myths of the universal culture and popular (sphinx, Jellyfish, Venus, Mother d water), that they possess similarities n the archetypes, that transit between the sexos masculine and feminine, without any sexual connotation, possesss it proper code of honr, of this not abdicating ahead of the death. Parallel, in this chapter two cascudianas workmanships willbe studies, that contemplate thematic of the dressed woman of man and being the woman without disguice: the enchantment tale Maria Gomes and romance Flower of tragics romances. The first one will be revisited in order to present subject in Great hinterland:trails through the Diadorim personage. As it will discourse on cases of brave women, cited for Cascudo, immortalized for the tradition, who had made history, that already is not disfarçam of men to carry through acts of bravery and honor.

A modalização como estratégia argumentativa em textos de vestibulandos

In this work, the argumentative strategies construction in university entrance examinations texts is analyzed. The study intended to present, through the analyzed occurrences in the corpus, the discursive strategies use for the argumentation construction, observing the different lexicalization forms and the effects that these strategies produced for the intended meaning construction. Aiming to analyze the modalization via texts written by candidates for the UFRN entrance examination, the relations between this category and the resources used for the argumentative guidance of the text were highlighted. Conceived as a speaker argumentative strategy to express his/her relationship with the proposition content which enunciates, the modalization is, thus, one of the linguistic expression form used for the attainment of intended meaning effects in the argumentation construction. In order to substantiate the research, the theoretical assumptions adopted were the propositions which deal with this linguistic category, guiding it to a pragmatic-semantic perspective as well as a discursive-semantic one. Hence, Neves ( 1996, 2006), Koch ( 2000, 2002), Cervoni ( 1989), Bronkart (1999) and Castilho; Morais de Castilho (1996) studies, among others founded this work. Afterwards, a contextualized analysis of the modalized statements, taking into account all the set of elements implied on the argumentation construction, was carried out. The research, which had a strict qualitative character, revealed that the candidates make use of modalization to express commitment or dissociation as regards the statement which they produce; to obtain credibility and provide more authority to their arguments, thus avoiding them of being contested; to impose their arguments as real ones and acquire acceptance of the interlocutor; to lessen the proposition content and disguise the knowledge source; to comment the enunciation and attribute the discourse to another sender; to establish a dialogic relation with the interlocutor. In addition to offering support for new investigations, the research also aims to contribute for the mother tongue teaching, emphasizing the need of a focus which provides special attention to the written language functioning and its application diversity. In this work, the argumentative strategies construction in university entrance examinations texts is analyzed. The study intended to present, through the analyzed occurrences in the corpus, the discursive strategies use for the argumentation construction, observing the different lexicalization forms and the effects that these strategies produced for the intended meaning construction. Aiming to analyze the modalization via texts written by candidates for the UFRN entrance examination, the relations between this category and the resources used for the argumentative guidance of the text were highlighted. Conceived as a speaker argumentative strategy to express his/her relationship with the proposition content which enunciates, the modalization is, thus, one of the linguistic expression form used for the attainment of intended meaning effects in the argumentation construction. In order to substantiate the research, the theoretical assumptions adopted were the propositions which deal with this linguistic category, guiding it to a pragmatic-semantic perspective as well as a discursive-semantic one. Hence, Neves ( 1996, 2006), Koch ( 2000, 2002), Cervoni ( 1989), Bronkart (1999) and Castilho; Morais de Castilho (1996) studies, among others founded this work. Afterwards, a contextualized analysis of the modalized statements, taking into account all the set of elements implied on the argumentation construction, was carried out. The research, which had a strict qualitative character, revealed that the candidates make use of modalization to express commitment or dissociation as regards the statement which they produce; to obtain credibility and provide more authority to their arguments, thus avoiding them of being contested; to impose their arguments as real ones and acquire acceptance of the interlocutor; to lessen the proposition content and disguise the knowledge source; to comment the enunciation and attribute the discourse to another sender; to establish a dialogic relation with the interlocutor. In addition to offering support for new investigations, the research also aims to contribute for the mother tongue teaching, emphasizing the need of a focus which provides special attention to the written language functioning and its application diversity

O silenciamento no texto jornalístico e a construção social da realidade

This research analyses the silencehood use by the A República journal (Natal/RN), today not being distributed, during the Second World War. Its objective is to unveil the production condition of the news texts, and it was observed that the use of silencehood as a speech strategy with its implications that falls upon the way of behaving and thinking of the society, all that time, influencing the reader in the construction of his image of the reality. During the coverage of the conflict by the local journal it was possible to also observe different speech marks that represented the change in attitude of the Brazilian Government, responsible for the control of what was spread as news. The country lived the dictatorship of the New State and as the war went on the government changed its speech, according to political, social and economical interest s thoughts being played, silencing themes in the name of the national security. We admit as research material journalistic texts that refer to the main facts that occurred during the six years of the world conflict and that is why we used as theoric-metodological support the Speech Analysis

Ideologia e poder no agendamento do discurso polifônico da imprensa em relação à seca no nordeste

This dissertation work is an effort to understand how the ideology and the power interferes in the signification of the speeches immersed in the context of the printed media concerning the drought in the Northeast of Brazil, weather occurrence that punishes 23 million of Brazilians, with all sort of problems. It also has specific concern about the everyday usage of the language and with the routines of the information production, without losing of sight the role of History in the formation of the identity of individuals and people. The research work is also developed in an interdisciplinary environment, applying to the formed corpus five articles from Folha de São Paulo , collected from January to July of 2005, the French Analysis method of the Speech and the theory of the polyphony of Bakhtin, in the Applied Linguistics area, accomplished with Communication beddings as the agenda-setting. The results ended to a good understanding about the ideology and power´s influence and chaining in the speeches formations as well as to comprehend peoples concept in an environment of almost-mediated interaction, bringing a media look about polyphony in the bakhtinian mold, besides showing how all these questions interferes with the half-barren the Northeast media´s vision on the subject

A argumentação na petição inicial

This research investigates current sense effects at the use of linguistic resources of the argument in a corpus constituted by juridical pieces (Initial Petitions), that gave opportunity to actions originated from the Civil Special Court of the District of Currais Novos-RN. For this purpose it was established a relation between the Law and the Linguistics, mediated by the focus of the Argumentative Semantics, emphasizing, in a special way, the use of argumentative operators, which inserted in the own language, in its grammar, assume the orientation of the speech and the modalizers use, important mechanisms in the construction of the sense of the text and in the signalling in the way as that that one say is said,. This way, we began the investigation of that gender choosing as study object the section of the facts , that comprehends a part of Initial Petition where is explanted the narration of events that gave margin to the proposal for the Action. In face of the study object and the aim to be reached it was appealed, methodologically, to the notion of Rhetoric since from the classic antiquity to the emergence of the New present Rhetoric in Perelman and Olbrechts-Tyteca (2005) that, at the present time, is inserted in the studies of the Pragmatic connected to the central theses of the Ducrot s thinking (1977, 1980, 1987). Such referential allowed us to a better understanding about the production of the juridical speech on the part of the operators of the Law, as well as, to analyze in way wide the current sense effects from the use of argument linguistic marks the juridical speech. The data showed that such marks are indispensable elements to the construction of the textual web, particularly when in the range of the juridical argumentation, since they direct the speech for certain conclusions. However, we have observed that in the texts produced by the lawyers the use of those linguistic resources not always takes place in an appropriate way. The texts analyzed have also showed that it is possible to unmask, through the linguistic resources, the argumentative strategy employed by the authors for convincing of the magistrate, making evident that language is more than a system of signs, which it makes possible to see beyond the limit of the words and statements. Finally, we have verified that the categories analyzed, when used appropriately, are elements that engender argumentative maneuvers of effectiveness in the juridical text, being fundamental pieces which give argumentative strength the text, making the speech to move forward, not only the juridical, but the speech produced in any domain of the knowledge

O gênero crônica na sala de aula do ensino médio

In this work we present the results of a research that aims to study the chronicle gender produced in a class of native language. The texts were written by students of a high-school class, under the orientation of the teacher who conducted a didactic sequence in order to explore this gender. In our analysis we observed aspect such as the structure of the general structure of the texts, types of speech and linguistic sequences, some mechanisms of textualization and the characteristics of the gender. In order to attain that, we adopted the theoretical presuppositions of Textual Linguistics and of the Socio-discursive Interactionism, grounding the study of texts and gender in Bronckart (2003; 2006) and Koch (2002; 2004). As a background of the Chronicle Gender we used the studies of Coutinho (1987); Moisés (2003); Sá (2005); Bender; Laurito (1993); Melo (1994); Cândido et al. (1992) among others. The corpus, made up of 15 texts, showed that the narrative is the most used linguistic sequence in the producing of the texts, the discursive world prevailing in the narrative and some instances of the world of exposing. As for the gender characteristics, the daily life was used in order to amuse the reader and make him to reflect upon the daily life. Humor, irony, social criticism and colloquial language were also observed in the texts produced by the students. Although some texts presented the characteristics of the gender, explored in the classroom, some were typically school narratives. That make us believe that a work with textual production under the approach of a text gender is viable, but it is not consolidated yet in many schools as the main object of the central teaching of the Portuguese language. This make us defend a better systematization of the teaching contents having as the main point the reading practice and text production in order to contribute for the growing of the students´ discursive potentialities and, therefore, their effective participation in the language social practices

Inscrição discursiva da subjetividade homoafetiva na G Magazine

This thesis, which is entitled Registration discourse of subjectivity homo affective in G Magazine, is proposed to describe / interpret modes of subjectivity that is set in the discourse of homo affective confessions, recorded in letters addressed to G Magazine. The study is based on the theories of Discourse Analysis French, with a focus in the discussions Foucaultian remarkably discursive practices that produce meanings about the processes of subjectivity and sexuality. Methodologically, the research is of appreciative/qualitative character and falls in the field of Applied Linguistics (LA), at a press that the historical and cultural reality of the subject, establishing dialogues with many other fields of knowledge, which deal of the subject matter of speech and sexuality. Data analysis indicates that the magazine G Magazine works as a discursive space, where individuals on condition that homosexual, take it as the place that it gives security to talk to you, it's worrying, because the nature of the journal it suggests a belonging to the same discursive formation - that of homo affective . Thus, some of which are felt constructed for the investigation of the letters selected for this study showed that the forms of subjectivity of such homo affective are emerging in the game of the bans, the other is that as a subject of sexuality and to materialize in operation the confession. These homo affective, in a gesture of incessant registration of alternatives to be subject to its own truth of their sexuality, to seek his party in the case, the psychologist, a referral, a "light" that can guide them in an attempt to get rid of the forms of to subject. Installs itself in this way, as a point of resistance: the attempt to dissociate itself be of some states of submission, opening itself to other ways of being subject

Conectores adversativos na fala do natalense: uma análise funcionalista com implicações para o ensino

This work analyzes the behavior of the adversative connectors in the speech of the user of Natal, with views to suggest implications for the grammar teaching in the high school Portuguese languages classes. It is an investigation that sits on the functionalist paradigm, specifically in the protected ideas for Givón. For so much, data of situations of speech from the corpus Discurso e gramática lingual falada e escrita da cidade do Natal (FURTADO DA CUNHA, 1998). The sample embraces a total of forty interviews, of which the occurrences are cut out whose registrations mark the existence of adversatives constructions in narratives of personal experience and in the opinion reports, modality of oral language, of the mentioned database. The work revisits authors of the grammar, Cunha (1986); Bechara (2006); Perini (2006), among others; authors that contemplate referring approaches to the use of opposition connectors as: Barreto (1999); Tavares (2003); Longhin (2003); Silva (2005); Rocha (2006); Neves (2000, 2006). The results of the panoramic analysis reveal as adversity connectors in use for the habitant of Natal, for recurrence order, the mas, e, aí, agora, só que, no entanto and já. Analyzed the results, the same ones are compared with the treatment presented by the traditional grammar, with application of functional iconicity principle, markdness principle and the prototype of the category is chosen. In the differentiated analysis of the item " agora ", structural profile of the constructions is analyzed that involve the item, semantic profile, times, manners and aspects of the verbs that they wrap up in the constructions in reference, trajectory of grammaticalization and comparison with the prototype of the category. Finally, they are suggested implications of whole the study for the teaching of Portuguese language, in the high school classes

O gênero blog: ação social e multimodalidade.

Studies about discursive genres peak at a necessity to understand how these genres work in a society that is more and more submissive to the technology of informatics such as ours. In acknowledging that the virtual context of the Internet provides the manifestation and development of new genres of the discourse, we perceived that the online journal, or blog, as commonly known, is responsible for a variety of linguistic phenomena that would normally take severaI years to consolidate. Since its appearance in 1997 blogs rush as a virtual version of the personal diary and in a short time due to communicative demands suffers several changes, making new categories of blog genres emerge. Facing such phenomena, this work intends at first to characterize blogs as a genre that exercises a social action, evidencing its formal, structural and pragmatic characteristics from the notion of recurrence and rhetoric in a discursive-semiotic perspective. The methodological postulates adopted by this research are considered of qualitative basis in the sense that they are not restricted to looking at the discursive events as a product, but mainly they take into consideration a group of situational, cultural and ideologic factors that are present in the constitution of genre.