Influence of Rayleigh-Taylor Instability on Liquid Propellant Reorientation in a Low-Gravity Environment

A computational simulation is conducted to investigate the influence of Rayleigh-Taylor instability on liquid propellant reorientation flow dynamics for the tank of CZ-3A launch vehicle series fuel tanks in a low-gravity environment. The volume-of-fluid (VOF) method is used to simulate the free surface flow of gas-liquid. The process of the liquid propellant reorientation started from initially flat and curved interfaces are numerically studied. These two different initial conditions of the gas-liquid interface result in two modes of liquid flow. It is found that the Rayleigh-Taylor instability can be reduced evidently at the initial gas-liquid interface with a high curve during the process of liquid reorientation in a low-gravity environment.

Polymeric electronic gas sensor for determining alcohol content in automotive fuels

In this paper we describe the electrosynthesis of poly[(2-bromo-5-hexyloxy- 1,4-phenylenevinylene)-co-(1,4-phenylenevinylene)] (BHPPV-co-PPV), a novel conducting copolymer, and its application as active layer of a chemiresistive gas sensor suitable for quantification of ethanol present in ethanol-gasoline mixtures normally present in the fuel tanks of flex-fuel vehicles. This information is crucial for the smooth operation of the engine since it permits optimal air:fuel ratio regulation. The sensor consists of an interdigitated electrode coated with a thin polymer film doped with dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid. On exposure to fuel vapours at room temperature, the device presents a linear correlation between its electrical conductance and the ethanol concentration in the fuel. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Voltammetric Determination of Phosphate in Brazilian Biodiesel Using Two Different Electrodes

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Voltammetric determination of phosphate in brazilian biodiesel using two different electrodes

The presence of contaminants, such as phosphate, in biodiesel, has several drawbacks for instance: current engines perform poorly, fuel tanks deteriorate, catalytic conversion is damaged, and particles emission is increased. Therefore, biodiesel quality control is extremely important for biodiesel acceptance and commercialization worldwide. In this context, a bare glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and another chemically modified electrode with iron hexacyanoferrate (Prussian Blue – PB) were developed for determination of phosphate in biodiesel. The LODs of 6.44 and 1.19 mg kg−1, and LOQs of 21.43 and 3.97 mg kg−1 were obtained for the bare GCE and the PB-modified GCE, respectively. The methodology was employed for analysis of Brazilian biodiesel samples, and it led to satisfactory results, demonstrating its potential application for biodiesel quality control. Additionally, recovery and interference tests were conducted, which revealed that the developed methods are suitable for analysis of phosphate in biodiesel samples.

Desenvolvimento de método de determinação de glicerol livre em biodiesel utilizando a técnica de varredura sucessiva de potencial

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

An analysis of fires in passenger cars, light trucks, and vans.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Office of Research and Development, Washington, D.C.

Evaluation methodology for federal motor vehicle safety standards. Volume I: executive summary. Final report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

Evaluation methodology for federal motor vehicle safety standards. Volume II: technical findings. Final report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

Review of four federal motor vehicle safety standards: FMVSS 214, 215, 301, 208. Task #1 report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

Rear end structural crashworthiness of unitized construction vehicles - summary report. Final report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

Multidisciplinary accident investigation - school bus locomotive-caboose collision, Lafayette, Oregon, September 8, 1976. MDAI team report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

Analysis of Temperature and Pressure Changes in Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Cryogenic Tanks

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is being developed as a transportation fuel for heavy vehicles such as trucks and transit buses, to lessen the dependency on oil and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The LNG stations are properly designed to prevent the venting of natural gas (NG) from LNG tanks, which can cause evaporative greenhouse gas emissions and result in fluctuations of fuel flow and changes of fuel composition. Boil-off is caused by the heat added into the LNG fuel during the storage and fueling. Heat can leak into the LNG fuel through the shell of tank during the storage and through hoses and dispensers during the fueling. Gas from tanks onboard vehicles, when returned to LNG tanks, can add additional heat into the LNG fuel. A thermodynamic and heat transfer model has been developed to analyze different mechanisms of heat leak into the LNG fuel. The evolving of properties and compositions of LNG fuel inside LNG tanks is simulated. The effect of a number of buses fueled each day on the possible total fuel loss rate has been analyzed. It is found that by increasing the number of buses, fueled each day, the total fuel loss rate can be reduced significantly. It is proposed that an electric generator be used to consume the boil-off gas or a liquefier be used to re-liquefy the boiloff gas to reduce the tank pressure and eliminate fuel losses. These approaches can prevent boil-off of natural gas emissions, and reduce the costs of LNG as transportation fuel.

Field and depot maintenance manual : engine, gasoline, "V" type, air cooled, 12-cylinder, fuel injected, supercharged, -2805-695-6237, (Continental model AVSI-1790-6) and fuel injected, (unsupercharged), -2805-293-9662, (Continental model AVI-1790-8) : end item application, tank, combat, full tracked, 90-mm, M48A2, (TM 9-2350-208) ....

Includes index.

Organizational, direct support, and general support maintenance repair parts and special tools list : hammer, pile-driver, self-powered; diesel engine driven, w/fuel oil tank and lubricating oil tank, NSN 3895-00-854-4150, link-belt speeder model 440.

"This publication supersedes TM 5-3895-333-25P dated 18 February 1969 and all changes"--P. i.