998 resultados para Enfermagem Oncológica. Pesquisa Qualitativa. Hemoterapia
Resumo:
Este trabalho discute algumas das dificuldades mais freqüentemente enfrentadas por pesquisadores em trabalhos de campo, no que diz respeito ao uso de metodologias de base qualitativa. Procura-se apresentar, no decorrer do texto, problemas que envolvem, por exemplo, a delimitação do universo de pesquisa, a definição de critérios para a seleção dos sujeitos a serem entrevistados, elaboração de roteiros de entrevistas e sua realização, organização e análise de dados qualitativos, entre outros, visando contribuir com as discussões relativas à adoção desse tipo de metodologia no campo educacional.
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O artigo analisa as perspectivas abertas pela abordagem sócio-histórica para a investigação qualitativa no âmbito das ciências humanas, apoiando-se nas idéias de Vygotsky, Luria e Bakhtin. Aponta que uma forma outra de fazer ciência, envolvendo a arte da descrição complementada pela explicação, pode ser encontrada na pesquisa qualitativa desenvolvida a partir de uma orientação sócio-histórica. Enfatiza nessa abordagem a compreensão dos fenômenos a partir de seu acontecer histórico no qual o particular é considerado uma instância da totalidade social. A pesquisa é vista como uma relação entre sujeitos, portanto dialógica, na qual o pesquisador é uma parte integrante do processo investigativo. Essas idéias têm implicações nas características processuais e éticas do fazer pesquisa em Ciências Humanas que se refletem na relação pesquisador-pesquisado, nos próprios instrumentos utilizados e na análise de dados. Apresenta um relato descritivo do processo metodológico desenvolvido em uma pesquisa qualitativa de cunho sócio-histórico.
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Este artigo versa sobre a visão dos médicos sobre o uso do método qualitativo em suas pesquisas, as dificuldades e barreiras que encontram para isso e as possibilidades de ampliar o ensino e a utilização dessa abordagem nas investigações. Utilizamos o método qualitativo e entrevistas abertas como técnica de obtenção de dados. Entrevistamos 42 profissionais, sendo 18 com experiência no método qualitativo e 24 na abordagem quantitativa. Os entrevistados percebem como principais barreiras para a utilização do método a falta de formação em ciências sociais e humanas no curso de Medicina, o tempo longo que os estudos empíricos requerem e a dificuldade de publicação de artigos dessa natureza. A maioria dos entrevistados considera necessário incluir conteúdos de ciências humanas no currículo médico e ensinar o método de forma prática, por meio da participação em pesquisas e da apresentação das contribuições desses estudos para o campo da saúde.
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Exemplos concretos de aplicação da pesquisa documental, estudo de caso e etnografia em Administração de Empresas.
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The objective of this study is to present the trajectory of a research project (ALLEVATO, 2005) whose phenomenon of interest is the teaching of mathematics using problem solving with computers. The text is an attempt to portray this trajectory, from the point of view of the methodological route followed by the researcher, which was based on two main axes: the guidance of the educator Thomas A. Romberg (1992), and the guidelines provided by the foundations of qualitative research. The study was developed during a doctoral course offered by the Graduate Program in Mathematics Education at the State University of São Paulo (UNESP), Rio Claro campus.
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Pós-graduação em Enfermagem (mestrado profissional) - FMB
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This article proposes a reflection on the research´s process of mentalhealth highlighting the qualitative research as a fundamental resource for theproduction of knowledge about health / mental illness. From the theoreticalreference of historical and dialectical materialism it is supposed that the socialsciences´ object of study - the man as a historical being - is constantlychanging. Likewise it demands methodologies that can build analysis based inthe concrete reality of the subjects in their relations to produce life. From thisperspective, to reflect on mental illness and the ways of facing it can contributeto the formation of new concepts about care´s models nowadays: the asylummodel and the psychosocial.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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For constituting itself a science, Psychology has coursed along way. From the time he was considered a Philosophy’s discipline until to be recognized as a legitimate science, Psychology had to devoteto the definition of its object of study, the development and refinement of theoretical-methodological frameworks and, in particular, to consolidation process of their research strategies and knowledge construction. Therefore, in order to regard the demands of the classical scientific paradigm, which is very influenced by Positivism, Psychology made use, initially, of quantitative methodology and laboratory research. This article presents some of the process of identity construction of Psychology as a science, focusing on its transition path between the quantitativist paradigm of scientific knowledge production to the qualitativist paradigm, until that is more commonly practiced nowadays: the collaborative use of these methodological strategies. For presenting the qualitative researching Psychology, we discussed, beyond its proposal and differentiation elements in relation to quantitative research, the different methods used for this mode and, in particular, the interview - which is considered the main way of data collection in surveys conducted by psychologists and, therefore, it is an important element the process of knowledge building that science, in addition to being the most qualified space for dialogue between there searcher and the research subject.
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Creative industry has promoted and strengthened the growth of various economic sectors in Brazil and abroad, thus stimulating the local economy in places with attractive and innovative sceneries for the consumer market. This essay focuses on studying the relevance of cultural events for the creative economy, and these may contribute to the social, cultural and economic development in Pipa, located in Rio Grande do Norte (Brazil). Cultural events promote a themed and creative environment which has worked as attraction mechanism for the increase of cultural, gastronomic and social leisure consumptions. Cultural and thematic events has been held in Pipa, such as Festival Literário da Pipa, Fest Bossa & Jazz da Pipa, Festival Literário Alternativo da Pipa and Festival Gastronômico da Pipa, which can attract the local, state, national and international audience. The research is characterized as a qualitative research about the problem approach. The field research is characterized by the ethnographic approach, using the techniques of participant observation, semi-structured interviews and photographic record. With the research results, we can point that Pipa promotes cultural events that move the economic dynamics, social and cultural, inserting new cultural habits in this urban space, and in some cases, rescuing the history of the place. In each event, the economic and political forces connect themselves to promote the infrastructure of these events, supporting the provision of services and products from the creative and cultural sectors. The theming of the studied events plunges the audience into stories that may have (or not) a connection to the local history. Therefore, it is perceived that this work brings the light to a place that presents itself as the protagonist of the state of Rio Grande do Norte in terms of renewal and economic, social and cultural change in its infrastructure and its potential for tourist attraction from the creative and cultural sectors.