999 resultados para Deficiência de vitamina E
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Esse estudo teve como objetivo determinar os teores de vitamina A no Leite Humano Materno (LHM), de 50 mães doadoras do Banco de Leite Humano (BLH), da Maternidade Ana Braga, em Manaus-AM. As amostras foram coletadas semanalmente e mantidas congeladas até a pasteurização. As análises de retinol e β-caroteno no leite humano foram realizadas antes e após o tratamento (pasteurização), mediante o método cromatográfico. Foram retiradas alíquotas de 5 mL aproximadamente de leite de cada amostra. Os pesos dos bebês ao nascer das mães doadoras de leite incluídos no estudo foram > 2500g. A concentração de vitamina A no leite tanto antes quanto após o processamento, não foram suficientes para suprir o requerimento (46,75 ± 6,28 μg/dL e 31,55 ± 8,29 μg/dL, respectivamente), de crianças que se alimentam exclusivamente do leite do BLH, notadamente as pré-termo, cujos requerimentos de vitamina A são maiores e a capacidade de ingerir leite é menor do que os nascidos a termo. A perda de vitamina A pelo processamento, em nosso estudo foi de 32,51%. Para garantir a formação de reservas hepáticas e a proteção contra deficiência de vitamina A, seriam necessárias concentrações dessa vitamina no leite superiores a 80 μg/dL.
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Estudi transversal de pacients VIH en els que es va determinar colecalciferol (25-OH- Vit.D3) i PTH, excloint a pacients amb insuficiència renal, hepàtica i nivells plasmàtics anormals de calci i/o fósfor Es van incloure 566 pacients, amb una exposició a tenofovir del 56,4%. La prevalència de vitamina D insuficient va der del 71,2% i la deficiència del 39,6% . La PTH es va determinar en 228 casos, presentant nivells elevats 86 d’ells (37,7%). Els factors de risc ajustats de deficiència de vitamina D van ser, ésser de raza no blanca i la morbilitat psiquiàtrica, essent la lipoatròfia, un factor protector. Els factors de risc independents de nivells elevats de PTH van ser: Vitamina D&12 ng/ml: OR: 2,14 (IC95%: 1,19-3,82, p: 0,01) i l’ exposició a tenofovir: OR: 3,55 (IC95%: 1,62-7,7, p: 0,002).
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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da suplementação da dieta com vitamina C no desempenho produtivo, nas alterações morfológicas e no perfil de ácidos graxos da carcaça de juvenis de trairão (Hoplias lacerdae). Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com sete tratamentos (0, 17,5, 52,5, 87,5, 122,5, 175 e 350 mg kg-1 de vitamina C na ração) e quatro repetições. Ao final de 62 dias, foram avaliados: ganhos de peso e comprimento, taxas de sobrevivência e canibalismo, uniformidade do comprimento final, sinais clínicos de excesso ou deficiência de vitamina C, presença de deformidades ósseas e perfil de ácidos graxos da carcaça. Peixes alimentados com a dieta isenta de vitamina C apresentaram maior uniformidade em comprimento final. Não foram detectadas deformidades no corpo dos peixes. As análises radiológicas confirmaram a ausência de deformidades ósseas. Observou-se efeito linear positivo dos níveis de vitamina C na dieta para os ácidos mirístico e araquidônico. Portanto, a vitamina C influencia o metabolismo de ácidos graxos da carcaça dos peixes. Durante o crescimento inicial de juvenis de trairão, a vitamina C não causa deformidades ósseas e não influencia o desempenho produtivo, porém afeta de forma negativa a uniformidade quanto ao comprimento final de juvenis de trairão.
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OBJETIVO: Estudar a relação entre deficiência de vitamina D e cicatrização de pele em pacientes com úlceras de perna, relacionar esta deficiência com características da úlcera e avaliar se a reposição de vitamina D nos indivíduos deficientes acelera a cicatrização da úlcera. MÉTODOS: Foram escolhidos aleatoriamente 26 pacientes com úlceras venosas de perna e 26 sem úlcera pareados para sexo, idade, HAS e tabagismo. Os grupos foram comparados com relação à dosagem sérica de vitamina D. O grupo úlcera foi dividido em dois subgrupos: um que tomou placebo e outro que recebeu vitamina D 50.000UI por semana durante dois meses. Foi realizada a dosagem da 25-OH-vitamina D e avaliados o tamanho da úlcera e a gravidade da dor, antes e após o tratamento. RESULTADOS: A maioria dos pacientes apresentava níveis insuficientes de vitamina D. Não foi encontrada correlação entre o tamanho da úlcera sem tratamento e os níveis de vitamina D. Nos pacientes que receberam vitamina D, após o tratamento, o tamanho mediano da área da úlcera, diminui de 25cm², para 18cm² e no grupo placebo, de 27cm² para 24,5cm² (p=0,7051 e p=0,7877, respectivamente). Considerando-se a variabilidade da área da úlcera do grupo vitamina D versus placebo, a mediana foi igual a -0,75cm² no primeiro grupo e 4cm² no segundo grupo (p=0,0676). CONCLUSÃO: Pacientes com úlcera de perna têm mais deficiência de vitamina D que os sem. A deficiência de vitamina D não influiu nas características das lesões. A cicatrização nos pacientes com hipovitaminose D mostrou tendência para ser maior naqueles que receberam reposição vitamínica.
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Objetivo: verificar os níveis de folatos, vitamina B12 e ferritina em pacientes cujos fetos apresentaram defeitos de tubo neural (DTN). O folato sangüíneo e a vitamina B12 atuam como cofatores para as enzimas envolvidas na biossíntese do DNA. A interrupção deste processo pode impedir o fechamento do tubo neural. A suplementação vitamínica contendo folato pode reduzir as taxas de ocorrência de defeitos de tubo neural, embora exista a preocupação de que esta prevenção possa mascarar a deficiência de vitamina B12. Métodos: dosagens de vitamina B12 e ferritina pelo método de enzimaimunoensaio com micropartículas e a dosagens de ácido fólico pelo método de captura iônica (IMx ABBOTT). Resultados: a porcentagem de gestantes com deficiência de vitamina B12 (níveis séricos < 150 pg/ml) foi de 11,8%. Não houve nenhum caso de deficiência de folato (níveis séricos < 3,0 ng/ml). A prevalência de gestantes com deficiência nos estoques de ferro foi de 47,1% (níveis séricos < 12 ng/ml). Conclusões: com os resultados encontrados neste estudo (prevalência de 11,8% de deficientes em vitamina B12 e 0% de deficiência de folato), sugerimos que a suplementação se realize após a determinação da vitamina B12 sérica.
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INTRODUÇÃO A concomitância de periodontite crônica (PC) em pacientes com doença renal crônica (DRC) tem sido associada a desfechos adversos. A deficiência de vitamina D (25(OH)D) parece desempenhar papel importante na PC e níveis inadequados de vitamina D têm sido descritos em pacientes com DRC. OBJETIVO: Examinar a relação entre níveis séricos de vitamina D e PC em pacientes com DRC pré-dialítica. MÉTODO: Estudo de caso-controle, definidos, respectivamente, como pacientes com DRC e PC e DRC sem PC. Os dados demográficos, de exame físico e laboratoriais foram obtidos no dia da consulta. A DRC foi definida e estagiada segundo a NKF QDOKI TM. Os níveis séricos de 25(OH) D foram dosados por quimioluminescência quando da avaliação da PC, a qual foi caracterizada segundo os critérios de Academia Americana de Periodontologia (1999). Os resultados de 25(OH)D foram estratificados em deficiência (< 14 ηg/mL), insuficiência (15-29 ηg/mL) e suficiência (> 30 ηg/mL). RESULTADOS: Um total de 29 pacientes foram estudados, 15 no grupo caso e 14 no grupo controle. Os pacientes casos apresentaram mediana de 25(OH) D inferior a dos pacientes controles (22,6 vs. 28,6 ηg/mL; p < 0,01). A frequência de pacientes casos com insuficiência/deficiência de vitamina D foi maior do que entre os pacientes controles (93,3% vs. 57,1%, p < 0,004). Por outro lado, o percentual de pacientes com suficiência de vitamina D foi maior entre os controles se comparados aos integrantes do grupo casos (42,9% vs. 6,7%, p < 0,004). CONCLUSÃO: Em pacientes com DRC, a deficiência de vitamina D se associa com PC.
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Introdução: Há poucos dados na literatura sobre a suplementação de vitamina D e cálcio e o desenvolvimento de cálculos renais. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito de doses elevadas de vitamina D3 (V), com suplemento de cálcio (Ca) no desenvolvimento de litíase em modelo experimental. Métodos: Pastilhas foram inseridas na bexiga de ratos, que receberam V com ou sem Ca. Ratos foram divididos em seis grupos: 1. Sham; 2. Controle com pastilha, 3. Controle com V, 4. Pastilha + V, 5. Pastilha + Ca e 6. Pastilha + Ca + V. Resultados: Observou-se 50% e 17% de redução na formação de cálculos, respectivamente nos grupos 5 e 6 em comparação ao grupo 2 (p < 0,005). Não foram observadas hipercalcemia ou hipercalciúria em todos os grupos. Encontramos no grupo 6 (p = 0,03) uma redução significativa na calciúria. Conclusão: A administração de V associada com Ca diminuiu significantemente a formação de cálculos e reduziu significantemente a calciúria, sugerindo uma interferência benéfica na fisiopatologia litogênica.
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The vitamins A and E are recognizably important in the initial stages of life and the newborn depends on nutritional adequacy of breast milk to meet their needs. These vitamins share routes of transport to the tissues and antagonistic effects have been observed in animals after supplementation with vitamin A. This study aimed to verify the effect of maternal supplementation with vitamin A megadose (200,000 UI) in the immediate post-partum on the concentration of alpha-tocopherol in colostrum. Healthy parturient women attended at a public maternity natalensis were recruited for the study and divided into two groups: control (n = 37) and supplemented (n = 36). Blood samples of colostrum and milk were collected until 12 hours after delivery. The women of the supplemented group was administered a retynil palmitate capsule and 24 hours after the first collection was obtained the 2nd sample of colostrum in two groups for analysis of retinol and alpha-tocopherol in milk. The mean retinol concentration of 50,7 ± 14,4 μg/dL (Mean ± standard deviation) and alpha-tocopherol of 1217.4 ± 959 mg/dL in the serum indicate the nutritional status biochemical appropriate. Supplementation with retynil palmitate resulted in increase not only retinol levels in the colostrum of the supplemented group (p = 0.002), but also the concentration of alpha-tocopherol (p = 0.04), changing from 1456.6 ± 1095.8 mg/dL to 1804.3 ± 1432.0 mg/dL (milk 0 and 24 respectively) compared to values in the control group, 984.6 ± 750.0 mg/dL and 1175.0 ± 730.8 mg/dL. The women had different responses to supplementation, influenced by baseline levels of retinol in colostrum. Those with previous by low levels of retinol in colostrum (<60 mg/dL) had increased the concentration of alpha-tocopherol in milk, whereas those with adequate levels (> 60 mg/dL), showed a reduction after supplementation. Supplementation with retinol palmitate is an important intervention in situations of high risk for vitamin A deficiency, when considering the need to maternal supplementation, since the excess vitamin can offer unfavorable interactions between nutrients essential for the mother-child group
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Nutritional status is an important determinant to the response against Leishmania infection, although few studies have characterized the molecular basis for the association found between malnutrition and the disease. Vitamin A supplementation has long been used in developing countries to prevent mortality by diarrheal and respiratory diseases, but there are no studies on the role of vitamin A in Leishmania infection, although we and others have found vitamin A deficiency in visceral Leishmaniasis (VL). Regulatory T cells are induced in vitro by vitamin A metabolites and are considered important cells implicated T CD4+ cell suppression in human VL. This work aimed to examine the correlation of nutritional status and the effect of vitamin A in the response against Leishmania infantum infection. A total of 179 children were studied: 31 had active VL, 33 VL history, 44 were DTH+ and 71 were DTH- and had negative antibody to Leishmania (DTH-/Ac-). Peripheral blood monuclear cells were isolated in a subgroup of 10 active VL and 16 DTH-/Ac- children and cultivated for 20h under 5 different conditions: 1) Medium, 2) Soluble promastigote L. infantum antigens (SLA), 3) All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), 4) SLA + ATRA and 5) Concanavalin A. T CD4+CD25highFoxp3+, T CD4+CD25-Foxp3- and CD14+ monocytes were stained and studied by flow cytometry for IL-10, TGF-β and IL-17 production. Nutritional status was compromised in VL children, which presented lower BMI/Age and retinol concentrations when compared to healthy controls. We found a negative correlation between nutritional status (measured by BMI/Age and serum retinol) and anti-Leishmania antibodies and acute phase proteins. There was no correlation between nutritional status and parasite load. ATRA presented a dual effect in Treg cells and monocytes: In healthy children (DTH-/Ac-), it induced a regulatory response, increasing IL-10 and TGF-β production; in VL children it modulated the immune response, preventing increased IL-10 production after SLA stimulation. Furthermore, we found a positive correlation between BMI/Age and IL-17 production and negative correlation between serum retinol and IL-10 and TGF-β production in T CD4+CD25highFoxp3+ cells after SLA stimulus. Our results show a potential dual role of vitamin A in the immune system: improvement of regulatory profile during homeostasis and down modulation of IL-10 in Treg cells and monocytes during symptomatic VL. Therefore, the use of vitamin A concomitant to VL therapy might improve recovery from disease status in Leishmania infantum infection
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The Vitamin E consists of eight chemically homologous forms, designated alpha, beta, gamma and delta tocopherols and tocotrienols. Biologically, the alpha-tocopherol (α-TOH) is the most important. Commercially, are found two types of α-TOH a natural (RRR-alpha-tocopherol) and another synthetic (all-rac-alpha-tocopherol). Both forms are absorbed in the intestine, the liver is a preference in favor of forms 2R, due to transfer protein α-TOH. It has higher affinity to these stereoisomers. Newborns are considered high risk for vitamin E deficiency, mainly premature, these have breast milk as a food source for maintenance of serum α-TOH. Clinical signs such as thrombocytosis, hemolytic anemia, retrolental fibroplasia, intraventricular hemorrhage, bronchopulmonary dysplasia and spinocerebellar degeneration can be found in case of a low intake of α-TOH. Thus, maternal supplementation on postpartum with α-TOH can be an efficient way to increase levels of vitamin E in breast milk and thus the consequently increase the supply of micronutrient for the newborn. However, most studies with vitamin E supplementation have been conducted in animals and little is known about the effect of maternal supplementation in humans, as well as on its efficiency to increase levels of α-TOH in human milk, depending on the shape natural or synthetic. The study included 109 women, divided into three groups: control without supplementation (GC) (n=36), supplemented with natural capsule (GNAT) (n=40) and the synthetic capsule (GSINT) (n=33). Blood samples were collected for determination of maternal nutritional status, and colostrums at initial contact and after 24 hours post-supplementation. Analyses were performed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Values of α-TOH in serum below 499.6mg/dL were considered deficient. We used the Kruskal-Wallis test and Tukey test to confirm the increase of alpha-tocopherol in milk and efficiency of administered capsules. Daily consumption of α-TOH was based on daily intake of 500 mL of colostrum by the newborn and compared with the nutritional requirement for children from 0 to 6 months of age, 4 mg / day. The mothers had mean concentration of serum α-TOH in 1016 ± 52, 1236 ± 51 and 1083 ± 61 mg / dL, in CG, GNAT and GSINT respectively. There were no women with deficiiency. The GC did not change the concentrations of α-TOH in colostrum. While women supplemented with natural and synthetic forms increased concentrations of α-TOH colostrum in 57.6% and 39%, respectively. By comparing supplemented groups, it was observed a significant difference (p=0.04), the natural capsule more efficient than the synthetic, approximately 49.6%. Individually, 21.1% of the women provided below 4mg/day of α-TOH, after supplementation for this index declined4.1%. Thus, maternal supplementation postpartum raised the levels of alpha-tocopherol in colostrum, and increased efficiency was observed with the natural form
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The mothers supplementation of vitamin A in the postpartum comes being a measure of intervention sufficiently used in the combat to the vitamin deficiency. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the mother megadose of vitamin A under the levels of retinol in colostrum of postpartum mothers receiving care at the Januário Cicco Maternity School (MEJC), Natal, RN, as well as analyzing the influence of the maternal nutritional status in the reply to this supplementation. The study it was transversal type, with participation of 91 women in labor divided in group had participated of the study have controlled (44 women) and supplemented group (47 women). In the period of the morning blood and milk had been collected (milk 0h). After that a capsule of retinil palmitate of (200 000 UI or 60 mg) was supplied to the supplemented group. Another aliquot of colostro was after gotten 24h of the first collection (milk 24h). Retinol in milk and serum was quantified through the High Pressure Liquid Chromatography. The vitamin ingestion was evaluated by the questionnaire of frequency of alimentary consumption. The levels of serum retinol were 40.6 ± 10.6 and 35.9 ± 10.9 µg/dL in the groups controlled and supplemented, respectively. The women had presented a satisfactory average ingestion of vitamin (1492,4 µgRAE/dia), however with high prevalence of inadequate consumption (23%). Average values of retinol in milk 0h had been found and 24h of 93.5 ± 50.3 µg/dL and 99.1 ± 49.3 µg/dL has the group controlled group, respectively (p>0.05). After the supplementation had a significant increase in the levels of retinol of the supplemented group, being found values of 102.0 ± 56.0 µg/dL and 196.1 ± 74.0 µg/dL for milk 0h and 24h, respectively (p<0.0001). The women in labor presented different answers to the supplementation influenced for the basal levels of retinol in colostrum. It was possible to verify that women with deficient levels of retinol in milk had transferred more retinol to milk 24h than ones with adjusted levels, showing a percentage of reply equivalent to 326.1% and 86.5% of increase, respectively (p< 0.0001). Although the apparent normality found in the serum, the studied women are considered of risk to the development of the vitamin deficiency, and megadose was efficient in first 24h after the supplementation and wakes up with the mechanisms considered for transference of vitamin A to the milk
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The tendency towards reduction of serum retinol levels, an existing placental barrier and the increase of retinol demand, are factors that place puerperal and lactating women at risk for Vitamin A deficiency. This micronutrient is an essential component of vital processes such as differentiation, cellular proliferation, and apoptosis. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of palmitate retinol supplementation (100.000UI) upon the milk retinollevels in puerperal women at the Januário Cicco University Maternity Hospital. This intervention has been adopted by the Ministry of Health since 2002. The longitudinal experiment was conducted with 106 puerperal women (68 comprised the supplemented group and 38 the control group). The High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method was used to dose the retinol of the milk and serum samples, and the creamtocrit method to determine the milk fat levels. The retinol means for the colostrums were 99.0 ± 64.4 ug/dL and 160.1 ± 94,4 ug/dl 6 hours afier supplementation; 68.9 ± 33.5 ug/dL for the transitional milk, and 30.6 ± 15.2 ug/dL for the mature milk of the supplemented group. Ali the difterences between means were statistically significant. The difterence between retinol means in the control group were also significant, with these being greater in the colostrum, 88.6 ± 62.1 ug/dL with 61.9 ± 30.1 ug/dl in the transition milk and 32.9 ±32.9 ± 17.6 ug/dL in the mature milk. No significant difference was observed in the retinol means of the three types ot milk in the supplemented group when compared to their respective means in the control group. The prevalence in serum (35.1 % and 81.1 % for the cutting point 20 ug/dL, respectively) and in milk (51.4%) revealed vitamin A deficiency as a public health problem. COlostrum, transition, and mature milk tats varied similarly in the supplemented group (1,92 ± 0,96; 3,25 ± 1,27 and 3,31 ± 1,36 grams) and in the control group (1,87 ± 1,14; 3,25 ± 1,31 and 3,36 ± 1,67 grams), with an observed difference between the colostrum/transition milk and the colostrum/mature milk fats. No difference was observed between the groups. The study showed that the 200.000UI supplementation was not sufficient to increase the milk retinol to the desired levels nor to meet the demands of the mothers with deprived hepatic reserves. It is suggested that another similar dose be offered within 30 days or less, and within 2 months post-partum, while continual/y monitoring for possible pregnancy
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Fisiopatologia em Clínica Médica - FMB
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)