999 resultados para Dare, Virginia, b. 1587


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This paper uses a correlated multinomial logit model and a Poisson regression model to measure the factors affecting demand for different types of transportation by elderly and disabled people in rural Virginia. The major results are: (a) A paratransit system providing door-to-door service is highly valued by transportation-handicapped people; (b) Taxis are probably a potential but inferior alternative even when subsidized; (c) Buses are a poor alternative, especially in rural areas where distances to bus stops may be long; (d) Making buses handicap-accessible would have a statistically significant but small effect on mode choice; (e) Demand is price inelastic; and (f) The total number of trips taken is insensitive to mode availability and characteristics. These results suggest that transportation-handicapped people take a limited number of trips. Those they do take are in some sense necessary (given the low elasticity with respect to mode price or availability). People will substitute away from relying upon others when appropriate transportation is available, at least to some degree. But such transportation needs to be flexible enough to meet the needs of the people involved.

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BACKGROUND: West Virginia has the worst oral health in the United States, but the reasons for this are unclear. This pilot study explored the etiology of this disparity using culture-independent analyses to identify bacterial species associated with oral disease. METHODS: Bacteria in subgingival plaque samples from twelve participants in two independent West Virginia dental-related studies were characterized using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and Human Oral Microbe Identification Microarray (HOMIM) analysis. Unifrac analysis was used to characterize phylogenetic differences between bacterial communities obtained from plaque of participants with low or high oral disease, which was further evaluated using clustering and Principal Coordinate Analysis. RESULTS: Statistically different bacterial signatures (P<0.001) were identified in subgingival plaque of individuals with low or high oral disease in West Virginia based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Low disease contained a high frequency of Veillonella and Streptococcus, with a moderate number of Capnocytophaga. High disease exhibited substantially increased bacterial diversity and included a large proportion of Clostridiales cluster bacteria (Selenomonas, Eubacterium, Dialister). Phylogenetic trees constructed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that Clostridiales were repeated colonizers in plaque associated with high oral disease, providing evidence that the oral environment is somehow influencing the bacterial signature linked to disease. CONCLUSIONS: Culture-independent analyses identified an atypical bacterial signature associated with high oral disease in West Virginians and provided evidence that the oral environment influenced this signature. Both findings provide insight into the etiology of the oral disparity in West Virginia.

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An efficient ring rearrangement metathesis (RRM) approach to the synthesis of benzo[b]quinolizine and benzoindolizine systems from N-propargyl-phenanthridine derivatives is reported. A Hovel use of flash vacuum pyrolysis (FVP) for the Boc-deprotection of acid-sensitive substrates is also disclosed.

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Contient : 1 « Prothocolle journal... dressé par [PHILIPPE DE] LA HUGUERIE,... de toutes les actions, deliberations et conseils du dernier voyage de guerre fait en France pour le secours des eglises reformées dudit royaulme » par le baron Fabien de Donaw ; 2 Lettres écrites au baron de Donaw ou en sa faveur ; 1 à 8 Huit lettres de « HENRY » IV ; 1 à 6 au baron de Donaw ; 1 « De Castelgeloux, ce 17 febvrier 1586 ». Copie ; 2 « 25 janvier 1587 ». Copie ; 3 « 12 may 1587 » ; 4 « 3 juin 1587 » ; 5 « A Baugency, ce 21 may 1589 ». Copie ; 6 « Escrit au camp devant Noyon, ce 8 jour d'aoust 1591 ». Copie ; 7 « à Mr l'electeur palatin [Frédéric IV]... Escrit au camp de Marueil, le 12 jour de juillet 1591 ». Copie ; 8 « à Mr le marquis d'Anspach,... Escrit au camp de Marueil, 12 juillet 1591 ». Copie ; 9 Lettre de « HENRY DE BOURBON,... prince DE CONDE,... A S. Jean d'Angely, le 20 may 1587 ». Copie ; 10 « Copie de la « lettre de [FRANÇOIS DE COLIGNY, seigneur DE] CHASTILLON [gouverneur de Montpellier]... à Mgr le duc Casimir,... A Monpelier, ce 17 fevrier... 1588 » ; 3 Pièces concernant le baron de Donaw et sa famille ; 1 à 5 Recueil de pièces relatives au rôle joué par le baron de Donaw en France, durant l'année 1587 ; 1 Protestation du baron DE DONAW contre un libelle diffamatoire. En allemand et en latin ; 2 Explication de la conduite du duc Jean Casimir pendant la guerre de Cologne, en 1583, et pendant la guerre de France, en 1587. Cette pièce paraît avoir été placée ici principalement pour la justification du baron de Donaw, qui fut un des chefs de l'armée étrangère dans l'expédition de 1587. En latin. Copie ; 3 Autre justification de la conduite du baron de Donaw pendant l'expédition de 1587. Copie ; 4 Factum portant pour titre : « Reistres d'Auneau ». Ce factum est dirigé contre Philippe de La Huguerie et le baron de Donaw, accusés de la défaite d'Auneau. Copie ; 5 Lettre de JEAN DE CHAUMONT, seigneur DE « QUITRY,... à Mr de Higny, à Francfort... De Geneve, ce 26 decembre 1587 ». Cette lettre porte pour titre : « La deffaicte d'Auneau et aultres particularités » ; 6 « Fidele et sommaire Recit... pour representer aux yeux de tout le monde le commancement et progres de l'accusation dont on a voulucharger le Sr Henry... de Duna et le docteur Laurent Biderman, chancelier » des princes d'Anhalt, « à cause d'un coup d'harquebuze, qu'on dit avoir esté tiré apres Mr l'electeur de Saxe [Christian II], au [8] d'avril [1603], à Graven Heiniguen, bourg scitué gueres loing de la principaulté d'Anhalt ». Du 8 avril 1603 au mois d'avril 1604. Copie ; 7 et 8 « De familia burgraviorum et baronum a Dona... ex MATHAEI DRESSERI isagoge millenarii 6 ». En latin. Copie ; 8 « De Donaeis baronibus ». En latin. Copie ; 4 « Extrait de la capitulation de la lieutenance generale de Mgr le prince Christian d'Anhalt,... comte d'Ascanie, seigneur de Zerbst et Bernbourg », chef de l'armée de secours envoyée à Henri IV par les princes allemands. 24 avril 1591. Copie ; 5 Pièces concernant Élisabeth, reine d'Angleterre ; 1 « Extraict de la lectre de la roine d'Angleterre [ÉLISABETH] à son ambassadeur en France », en faveur du duc de Bouillon, accusé de complicité avec le duc de Biron ; 2 « In foelicem memoriam Elisabethae, Angliae reginae ». Éloge de la reine Élizabeth, attribué par une note du manuscrit à François Bacon. En latin. Copie ; 6 Pièces relatives aux négociations pour la paix entre l'Espagne et les Pays-Bas. 1607 et 1608 ; 1 « Substance de la declaration qui a esté faicte par le Sr audiancier VERREICKEN, en l'assemblée de messeigneurs les Estatz generaulx des provinces unyes des Pays Bas, apres que le sieur de Neyen, commissaire general, avoit faict sa harangue, le matin sur l'unze heures, en la mesme assemblée de mesd. seigneurs Estats, le XXXme jour d'octobre 1607 ». Traduction ; 2 Déclaration « presentée en l'assemblée de messeigneurs les Estats generaulx des provinces unyes du Pays Bas par B. I. NEIJEN, commissaire general, le [25e] octobre 1607 ». Traduction ; 3 Ratification par PHILIPPE III, roi d'Espagne, des ouvertures de paix ou trêve à long terme, faites par les archiducs Albert d'Autriche et Claire-Isabelle-Eugénie aux États généraux des Pays-Bas. Madrid, 18 septembre 1607. Traduction ; 4 Relation d'une conférence « touchant ce qui concerne la voye de paix », entre le prince Maurice de Nassau et un ambassadeur français. Copie ; 5 « Memoire des plus importantes raisons pour lesquelles les seigneurs Estatz ne doibvent aucunement quitter le trafficq et navigation des Indes ». Copie ; 6 Déclaration faite aux États généraux des Pays-Bas par les « deputtez des roys » de France et d'Angleterre, sur la « trefve à longues années », proposée par lesdits députés et rejetée par « plusieurs du costé des Estats ». Copie ; 7 et 8 Deux lettres de « MAURICE, prince D'ORANGE, comte DE NASSAU », aux États généraux des Pays-Bas, pour les détourner d'accepter les ouvertures de paix faites par les archiducs. La Haye, 21 septembre et 15 novembre 1608. Copies

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cell of origin and triggering events for leukaemia are mostly unknown. Here we show that the bone marrow contains a progenitor that expresses renin throughout development and possesses a B-lymphocyte pedigree. This cell requires RBP-J to differentiate. Deletion of RBP-J in these renin-expressing progenitors enriches the precursor B-cell gene programme and constrains lymphocyte differentiation, facilitated by H3K4me3 activating marks in genes that control the pre-B stage. Mutant cells undergo neoplastic transformation, and mice develop a highly penetrant B-cell leukaemia with multi-organ infiltration and early death. These reninexpressing cells appear uniquely vulnerable as other conditional models of RBP-J deletion do not result in leukaemia. The discovery of these unique renin progenitors in the bone marrow and the model of leukaemia described herein may enhance our understanding of normal and neoplastic haematopoiesis.

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Este es un estudio sobre la estrategia de guerra estadounidense en Medio Oriente basada en el uso sistemático de drones durante el periodo comprendido entre 2009 y 2013. Se busca explicar de qué manera puede considerarse el uso de este tipo de armamento como una práctica basada en la proyección de poder sin mayor vulnerabilidad. Los casos de Pakistán y Yemen son abordados, ya que evidencian las características de las operaciones selectivas por las que ha abogado el Presidente Obama. El estudio se inscribe dentro del realismo ofensivo, haciendo también referencia a sus limitaciones explicativas. Empero, se afirma que las dinámicas y consecuencias de la utilización de drones son intrínsecas a la necesidad estadounidense de combatir actores no estatales mediante prácticas que garanticen su seguridad y pretensiones hegemónicas a pesar de las implicaciones políticas , legales y sociales en las que puede incurrir.

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Resumen basado en el de la publicaci??n

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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The aim of the present study is understanding the properties of a new group of redox proteins having in common a DOMON-type domain with characteristics of cytochromes b. The superfamily of proteins containing a DOMON of this type includes a few protein families. With the aim of better characterizing this new protein family, the present work addresses both a CyDOM protein (a cytochrome b561) and a protein only comprised of DOMON(AIR12), both of plant origin. Apoplastic ascorbate can be regenerated from monodehydroascorbate by a trans-plasma membrane redox system which uses cytosolic ascorbate as a reductant and comprises a high potential cytochrome b. We identified the major plasma membrane (PM) ascorbate-reducible b-type cytochrome of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and soybean (Glycine max) hypocotyls as orthologs of Arabidopsis auxin-responsive gene air12. The protein, which is glycosylated and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored to the external side of the PM in vivo, was expressed in Pichia pastoris in a recombinant form, lacking the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-modification signal, and purified from the culture medium. Recombinant AIR12 is a soluble protein predicted to fold into a β-sandwich domain and belonging to the DOMON superfamily. It is shown to be a b-type cytochrome with a symmetrical α-band at 561 nm, to be fully reduced by ascorbate and fully oxidized by monodehydroascorbate. Redox potentiometry suggests that AIR12 binds two high-potential hemes (Em,7 +135 and +236 mV). Phylogenetic analyses reveal that the auxin-responsive genes AIR12 constitute a new family of plasma membrane b-type cytochromes specific to flowering plants. Although AIR12 is one of the few redox proteins of the PM characterized to date, the role of AIR12 in trans-PM electron transfer would imply interaction with other partners which are still to be identified. Another part of the present project was aimed at understanding of a soybean protein comprised of a DOMON fused with a well-defined b561 cytochrome domain (CyDOM). Various bioinformatic approaches show this protein to be composed of an N-terminal DOMON followed by b561 domain. The latter contains five transmembrane helices featuring highly conserved histidines, which might bind haem groups. The CyDOM has been cloned and expressed in the yeast Pichia pastoris, and spectroscopic analyses have been accomplished on solubilized yeast membranes. CyDOM clearly reveal the properties of b-type cytochrome. The results highlight the fact that CyDOM is clearly able to lead an electron flux through the plasmamembrane. Voltage clamp experiments demonstrate that Xenopus laevis oocytes transformed with CyDOM of soybean exhibit negative electrical currents in presence of an external electron acceptor. Analogous investigations were carried out with SDR2, a CyDOM of Drosophila melanogaster which shows an electron transport capacity even higher than plant CyDOM. As quoted above, these data reinforce those obtained in plant CyDOM on the one hand, and on the other hand allow to attribute to SDR2-like proteins the properties assigned to CyDOM. Was expressed in Regenerated tobacco roots, transiently transformed with infected a with chimeral construct GFP: CyDOM (by A. rhizogenes infection) reveals a plasmamembrane localization of CyDOM both in epidermal cells of the elongation zone of roots and in root hairs. In conclusion. Although the data presented here await to be expanded and in part clarified, it is safe to say they open a new perspective about the role of this group of proteins. The biological relevance of the functional and physiological implications of DOMON redox domains seems noteworthy, and it can but increase with future advances in research. Beyond the very finding, however interesting in itself, of DOMON domains as extracellular cytochromes, the present study testifies to the fact that cytochrome proteins containing DOMON domains of the type of “CyDOM” can transfer electrons through membranes and may represent the most important redox component of the plasmamembrane as yet discovered.

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[Georg Philipp Telemann]