Novel efficient technologies in Europe for axle bearing condition monitoring ��� the MAXBE project

Axle bearing damage with possible catastrophic failures can cause severe disruptions or even dangerous derailments, potentially causing loss of human life and leading to significant costs for railway infrastructure managers and rolling stock operators. Consequently the axle bearing damage process has safety and economic implications on the exploitation of railways systems. Therefore it has been the object of intense attention by railway authorities as proved by the selection of this topic by the European Commission in calls for research proposals. The MAXBE Project (http://www.maxbeproject.eu/), an EU-funded project, appears in this context and its main goal is to develop and to demonstrate innovative and efficient technologies which can be used for the onboard and wayside condition monitoring of axle bearings. The MAXBE (interoperable monitoring, diagnosis and maintenance strategies for axle bearings) project focuses on detecting axle bearing failure modes at an early stage by combining new and existing monitoring techniques and on characterizing the axle bearing degradation process. The consortium for the MAXBE project comprises 18 partners from 8 member states, representing operators, railway administrations, axle bearing manufactures, key players in the railway community and experts in the field of monitoring, maintenance and rolling stock. The University of Porto is coordinating this research project that kicked-off in November 2012 and it is completed on October 2015. Both on-board and wayside systems are explored in the project since there is a need for defining the requirement for the onboard equipment and the range of working temperatures of the axle bearing for the wayside systems. The developed monitoring systems consider strain gauges, high frequency accelerometers, temperature sensors and acoustic emission. To get a robust technology to support the decision making of the responsible stakeholders synchronized measurements from onboard and wayside monitoring systems are integrated into a platform. Also extensive laboratory tests were performed to correlate the in situ measurements to the status of the axle bearing life. With the MAXBE project concept it will be possible: to contribute to detect at an early stage axle bearing failures; to create conditions for the operational and technical integration of axle bearing monitoring and maintenance in different European railway networks; to contribute to the standardization of the requirements for the axle bearing monitoring, diagnosis and maintenance. Demonstration of the developed condition monitoring systems was performed in Portugal in the Northern Railway Line with freight and passenger traffic with a maximum speed of 220 km/h, in Belgium in a tram line and in the UK. Still within the project, a tool for optimal maintenance scheduling and a smart diagnostic tool were developed. This paper presents a synthesis of the most relevant results attained in the project. The successful of the project and the developed solutions have positive impact on the reliability, availability, maintainability and safety of rolling stock and infrastructure with main focus on the axle bearing health.

Simula����o, em software adequado, da sintomatologia vibracional de avarias mec��nicas de m��quinas rotativas

Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obten����o do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Mec��nica na ��rea de Manuten����o e Produ����o

Est��gio na empresa SPECMAN para a pr��tica de t��cnicas de controlo da condi����o

Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obten����o do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Mec��nica

An��lise por ultra-sons no controlo de condi����o

Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obten����o do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Mec��nica

An��lise de dados de vibra����o ��� Contributo para a defini����o do Estado de Condi����o

Disserta����o apresentada como requisito parcial para obten����o do grau de Mestre em Estat��stica e Gest��o de Informa����o

Metodologia para otimiza����o da manuten����o

Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obten����o do grau de Mestre em Engenharia da Manuten����o

Modela����o de equa����es estruturais para avaliar e monitorizar o estado de condi����o de um sistema mec��nico.

Disserta����o apresentada como requisito parcial para obten����o do grau de Mestre em Estat��stica e Gest��o de Informa����o.

Zustandsorientierte Instandhaltung und Teleservice f��r Sch��ttgut-Materialflusssysteme

Condition based maintenance, teleservice, materials handling equipment

An Adaptive Field Detection Method For Bridge Scour Monitoring Using Motion-Sensing Radio Transponders (RFIDs), TR-617, 2014

A comprehensive field detection method is proposed that is aimed at developing advanced capability for reliable monitoring, inspection and life estimation of bridge infrastructure. The goal is to utilize Motion-Sensing Radio Transponders (RFIDS) on fully adaptive bridge monitoring to minimize the problems inherent in human inspections of bridges. We developed a novel integrated condition-based maintenance (CBM) framework integrating transformative research in RFID sensors and sensing architecture, for in-situ scour monitoring, state-of-the-art computationally efficient multiscale modeling for scour assessment.

Ehk��isev��n mekaanisen kunnossapidon nykytilanne, kehitt��minen ja raportointi paperi- ja kartonkitehtaalla

Ty��n tarkoituksena on tutkia Empower Oy:n tuottamaa Storan Enson Anjalankosken paperi- ja kartonkitehtaiden ehk��isev���� kunnossapitoa. Ty�� rajataan koskemaan mekaanista kunnossapitoa. Kunnossapitopalveluliiketoiminta asettaa vaatimuksia toiminnan raportoimiselle. Kuukausittain toimitettavaan asiakasraporttiin haluttiin lis��t�� kohta ehk��isev��st�� kunnossapidosta. Ongelmaksi muodostui kuitenkin se, mit�� ja miten siit�� tulisi raportoida. Ty��n teoriaosassa k��yd����n l��pi pintapuolisesti palveluliiketoimintaa. Kunnossapidosta on esitetty perusteoriaa, vikaantumismallit, kunnossapidon tunnusluvut ja kunnossapidon vaikutus tuotannon kokonaistehokkuuteen. T��m��n j��lkeen k��yd����n l��pi kunnossapitolajit ja keskityt����n nimenomaan ehk��isev����n kunnossapitoon. Ehk��isev�� kunnossapito on jaettu karkeasti jaksotettuun ja kuntoon perustuvaan kunnossapitoon. Ehk��isev��ss�� kunnossapidossa painotetaan oman toiminnan analysointia ja pyrkimyst�� jatkuvaan parantamiseen. Kunnossapidon toimintamalleja on tarkasteltu, jotta ymm��rrett��isiin syyt, miksi kunnossapitoa tehd����n ja mihin sill�� pyrit����n. Ty��ss�� k��yd����n l��pi Inkeroisissa teht��vien ennakkohuoltot��iden teoriaa ja tarkastellaan teht��vien k��yt��nn��n suorittamista. Lopuksi pohditaan ehk��isev��n kunnossapidon raportointiin k��ytett��v���� tunnuslukua ja esitet����n parannusehdotus nykyiseen raportointiin.

��lyk��s kunnossapito

Valmistuksen ajatusmallin siirtyess�� kohti kest��v��n kehityksen yhteiskuntaa, on kunnossapidon roolin t��ytynyt siirty�� kohti elinkaaril��ht��ist�� ajattelua. Uusien ajattelutapojen lis��ksi ��lykk��iden teknologioiden kehittymisen sek�� liiketoiminnan integraation tarpeen lis����ntymisen my��t�� on kehittynyt uusi kunnossapidon konsepti, ��lyk��s kunnossapito. Ty��n tavoitteena on esitell�� ��lyk��st�� kunnossapitoa ja sen kehityst�� eri n��k��kulmista, selvitt���� sen teollista k��ytt���� ja tutkimusta sek�� arvioida sen ominaisuuksia ja tulevaisuutta. Ty�� on tehty Lappeenrannan teknillisen yliopiston tuotantotalouden koulutusohjelmalle. 2000-luvun alussa ensimm��isen kerran kirjallisuudessa esiintyneell�� konseptilla on useita m����rittelyj��, jotka vaihtelevat tarkasteltavan n��k��kulman mukaan. ��lykk����n kunnossapidon voidaan kuitenkin n��hd�� perustuvan ��lykk��ill�� teknologioilla toteutettuun laitteiden ja komponenttien valvontaan sek�� kunnossapidon integraatioon tuotannon kanssa. Ty��n merkitt��vimpin�� tuloksina voidaan pit���� ��lykk����n kunnossapidon ominaisuuksia, k��ytt���� sek�� kyvykkyyksi�� ja haasteita. ��lyk��s kunnossapito on kest��v��n kehityksen edist��j��, strateginen p����t��ksenteon apuv��line sek�� kilpailukyvyn parantaja. Suurista hy��dyist�� huolimatta ei sen k��ytt�� ole viel�� teollisuudessa suurta.

Redes neurais artificiais aplicadas �� manuten����o baseada na condi����o

Coordena����o de Aperfei��oamento de Pessoal de N��vel Superior (CAPES)

Efficiency improvement of non-uniformly-aged PV arrays

The utilization of solar energy by photovoltaic (PV) systems have received much research and development (R&D) attention across the globe. In the past decades, a large number of PV array have been installed. Since the installed PV arrays often operate in harsh environments, non-uniform aging can occur and impact adversely on the performance of PV systems, especially in the middle and late periods of their service life. Due to the high cost of replacing aged PV modules by new modules, it is appealing to improve energy efficiency of aged PV systems. For this purpose, this paper presents a PV module reconfiguration strategy to achieve the maximum power generation from non-uniformly aged PV arrays without significant investment. The proposed reconfiguration strategy is based on the cell-unit structure of PV modules, the operating voltage limit of gird-connected converter, and the resulted bucket-effect of the maximum short circuit current. The objectives are to analyze all the potential reorganization options of the PV modules, find the maximum power point and express it in a proposition. This proposition is further developed into a novel implementable algorithm to calculate the maximum power generation and the corresponding reconfiguration of the PV modules. The immediate benefits from this reconfiguration are the increased total power output and maximum power point voltage information for global maximum power point tracking (MPPT). A PV array simulation model is used to illustrate the proposed method under three different cases. Furthermore, an experimental rig is built to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The proposed method will open an effective approach for condition-based maintenance of emerging aging PV arrays.

Manutenzione su condizione e analisi dei ricambi per macchine automatiche nell���ottica industria 4.0. Il caso SACMI S.C.

In questo elaborato di tesi si affronta uno studio inerente alla Manutenzione su Condizione (CBM), applicata ad una macchina automatica adibita alla produzione di capsule in plastica, in collaborazione con il gruppo SACMI S.C. di Imola. Nel Capitolo 1 viene fornita una introduzione sul tema della manutenzione e sulla sua evoluzione dalla prima rivoluzione industriale ad oggi. Nel Capitolo 2 vengono descritti i principi teorici della manutenzione predittiva e se ne analizza lo stato dell���arte. Nel Capitolo 3 viene fornita una introduzione sull���azienda SACMI S.C. e in seguito vengono descritte nel dettaglio le macchine sulle quali si sono concentrate le successive analisi. Nel Capitolo 4 viene approfondito l���estrusore, uno dei componenti principali delle macchine analizzate. Nel Capitolo 5 viene presentato un esempio di valutazione dell���efficienza di alcune macchine collegate in serie attraverso il calcolo di un indicatore chiamato Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE). Il Capitolo 6 rappresenta il cuore della tesi e contiene tutte le analisi di CBM effettuate durante il periodo di tirocinio. Vengono analizzati i principali gruppi funzionali della macchina a partire da quelli pi�� critici per tempi o costi di manutenzione. Le analisi sono state condotte ricercando all���interno di tutto il parco macchine quelle che presentavano delle condizioni di funzionamento sospette. Nel Capitolo 7 vengono presentate alcune analisi relative ai tempi di fermo macchina dovuti alle manutenzioni preventive e ai costi dei ricambi previsti dal manuale di manutenzione. Queste analisi vengono poi declinate su un caso reale nel quale si calcola il costo dei ricambi negli ultimi cinque anni distinguendo tra costi dovuti ad azioni preventive o correttive. Nel Capitolo 8 vengono presentate le conclusioni, mentre nel Capitolo 9 sono presentati gli sviluppi futuri di questo lavoro.