Parent ratings of child cognition and language compared with Bayley-III in preterm 3-year-olds

Background
Parent ratings on questionnaires may provide valid and cost-effective tools for screening cognitive development of children at risk of developmental delay.

Aims
In this study, we examined the convergent validity of combining parent-based reports of non-verbal cognitive abilities (PARCA3) and verbal abilities (CDI-III) in relation to the Bayley-III cognitive scale in 3-year-olds born late pre-term.

Methods
Mothers of 185 late-preterm children were asked to complete the PARCA3 and the CDI-III shortly before children reached age three; children were then assessed using the Bayley-III close to their third birthday.

Results
The two maternal questionnaires were significantly and moderately correlated with the Bayley-III cognitive scores. Together the maternal ratings accounted for 15% of the variance in the Bayley-III cognitive scores, after controlling for other covariates in regression analysis. In particular, the PARCA3 contributed significantly to explain variance in the Bayley-III cognitive scores when controlling for the CDI-III. However, the CDI-III was also independently associated with the Bayley-III cognitive scores.

Conclusions
Parent ratings of child cognition and language together may provide cost-effective screening of development in “at risk” preschoolers.

The (mis) use of telegraphic input in child language intervention. 'El (mal) uso del input telegráfico en la intervención sobre el lenguaje en niños'.

Resumen en español

The language used in early mother-child interaction by very-low-birth-weight children, with a focus on the emergence of grammar. 'El lenguaje utilizado por niños con muy bajo peso al nacer en la interacción temprana entre madre e hijo, con atención especial a la aparición de la gramática'.

Resumen basado en el de la publicación. Resumen en español

Child language.

Se describen las principales áreas de análisis lingüístico que participan en el estudio del lenguaje de los niños: desarrollo del vocabulario, palabras y estructuras de oraciones, habilidades de conversación y pronunciación. Contiene, además de la teoría, ejercicios y resúmenes al final de cada unidad y un corpus de palabras infantiles al final del libro.

Educating second language children : the wole child, the whole curriculum, the whole community.

Reúne el trabajo de varios expertos en educación elemental para dar un enfoque integrador a la educación de los niños en una segunda lengua. El estudio se ocupa no sólo del desarrollo del lenguaje sino también del desarrollo integral del niño, es decir, se examina el papel de la escuela, la familia y la comunidad. La edad de estos niños está comprendida entre cuatro y doce años,y durante sus años preescolares han aprendido un idioma o idiomas distintos del inglés, viven en comunidades o países de habla inglesa y están siendo educados en este idioma. Lo importante es que para ellos, el aprendizaje de esta nueva lengua es una necesidad para su integración social en la vida de la escuela y de la comunidad, pero también, para el éxito académico, la supervivencia económica y subienestar en edad adulta.

The handbook of child language.

Primero, se hace una aproximación a distintas teorías y métodos lingüísticos de los últimos treinta años, en los que los investigadores estudian las implicaciones de nuevos modelos, técnicas y de varias disciplinas, psicología, neurociencia cognitiva, inteligencia artificial, filosofía y teoría de la socialización. Después,se ofrece un completo panorama sobre el desarrollo del lenguaje infantil, que abarca todos los aspectos: fonética, fonología, gramática y desarrollo del léxico.

Child's play : an introduction to children's literature for teachers of English as a foreign language. 'Juego de niños : una introducción a la literatura infantil para profesores de inglés como lengua extranjera'.

Se establece la definición de niño y de literatura infantil. Se analizan las características y contenidos de la literatura infantil además de estudiar a los potenciales usuarios de dicha literatura. Se hace mención a la literatura para adolescentes y a la literatura gay y lesbiana para niños. Se describen y analizan los diferentes géneros existentes dentro de la literatura infantil: poesía oral y escrita, canciones, cuentos populares, ficción, teatro y comics. Se hace un repaso histórico de la literatura infantil inglesa desde la Edad Media hasta el siglo XXI. Finalmente, se presenta una serie de actividades para la utilización de la literatura infantil en las aulas: preparación de las clases, actividades orales, actividades de teatro, uso de canciones, actividades lecto-escritoras y actividades de animación a la lectura.

The Cambridge handbook of child language.

Este manual tiene como objetivo proporcionar una visión general de los actuales enfoques teóricos y de investigación en una amplia gama de temas relacionados con el lenguaje infantil. El campo es multidimensional, como lo demuestran los numerosos cursos sobre el lenguaje infantil o la adquisición del lenguaje que se enseñan en los departamentos de lingüística, psicología, ciencia cognitiva, logopedia, educación y antropología. Está organizado por temas agrupados en cinco bloques temáticos que abarcan tanto las teorías como los métodos en la investigación del lenguaje infantil y siguiendo el desarrollo del lenguaje desde la pre-lingüística de la infancia hasta la adolescencia.

Simplicity and complexity in child language and its explanation. 'Simplicidad y complejidad en el lenguaje infantil : modelos y explicaciones'.

Monográfico con el título: 'The debate on language acquisitions: constructivism versus innatism'. Resumen basado en el de la publicación

Language behavior of the young hearing impaired child

This paper discusses a study of language development of hearing impaired children.

Case study: acquisition of Japanese in aural language by the four year old child whose hearing loss was detected when he was visiting in U. S. with his family

Access to thesis is restricted. Contact Archives and Rare Books. This paper reports the results of language training for a newly diagnosed hearing impaired Japanese child using methods from the CID parent-infant program.

Incremental processing in head-final child language: online comprehension of relative clauses in Turkish-speaking children and adults

The present study investigates the parsing of pre-nominal relative clauses (RCs) in children for the first time with a realtime methodology that reveals moment-to-moment processing patterns as the sentence unfolds. A self-paced listening experiment with Turkish-speaking children (aged 5–8) and adults showed that both groups display a sign of processing cost both in subject and object RCs at different points through the flow of the utterance when integrating the cues that are uninformative (i.e., ambiguous in function) and that are structurally and probabilistically unexpected. Both groups show a processing facilitation as soon as the morphosyntactic dependencies are completed and parse the unbounded dependencies rapidly using the morphosyntactic cues rather than waiting for the clause-final filler. These findings show that five-year-old children show similar patterns to adults in processing the morphosyntactic cues incrementally and in forming expectations about the rest of the utterance on the basis of the probabilistic model of their language.

La scuola di oggi: accoglienza e integrazione degli alunni stranieri presso la scuola primaria Diego Fabbri, il Child Language Brokering come pratica interculturale.

Questa tesi presenta i risultati di una ricerca qualitativa condotta presso la scuola primaria Diego Fabbri di Forlì. Si è voluto indagare sul fenomeno della mediazione linguistica ad opera di bambini in relazione con la scelta del sistema scolastico italiano di impartire un’educazione di tipo interculturale. Ci si è quindi concentrati sul percorso di accoglienza riservato agli alunni stranieri neo-arrivati. In particolare si sono analizzate le strategie messe in atto dall’istituto e dagli insegnanti per favorire l’integrazione all’interno di classi multiculturali, nonché il ruolo riservato ai compagni, sia italiani che stranieri. La prima parte del testo costituisce un quadro teorico indirizzato a meglio comprendere gli obiettivi e i risultati dello studio. Il primo capitolo verte sulle tematiche dell’immigrazione e dell’integrazione. Vengono qui esposti i principali modelli di acculturazione sviluppati dai vari paesi del mondo e in diverse epoche storiche, con particolare riferimento al contesto europeo e alle scelte operate dall’Italia nei confronti degli stranieri presenti sul suo territorio. Il secondo capitolo presenta poi il tema dell’educazione interculturale. A partire da una riflessione concettuale e terminologica sulla dicotomia fra multicultura e intercultura, si analizza la linea di pensiero seguita dalla scuola italiana nella gestione della crescente diversità etnica e culturale all’interno delle classi. Il terzo capitolo affronta il fenomeno del child language brokering o mediazione linguistica ad opera di bambini. Ne sono valutati aspetti positivi e negativi, soffermandosi specialmente sulle particolarità del contesto scolastico e dell’interazione fra pari. Gli ultimi due capitoli riguardano invece la parte operativa del lavoro di ricerca. Nel quarto capitolo è presentata la metodologia applicata, con un approfondimento sulla combinazione delle tecniche dell’osservazione e dell’intervista e la conduzione di una ricerca con i bambini. Infine, nel quinto capitolo, sono analizzati i dati raccolti sul campo.

Il child language brokering a Ravenna e provincia: la parola agli studenti e ai professori

The main aim of this study is to provide a description of the phenomenon defined as Child Language Brokering (CLB), a common practice among language minority communities but which has received less attention in the academic literature. As the children of immigrants often learn the host language much more quickly than their parents, they contribute to family life by acting as language and cultural mediators between a family members and different language speakers. Many immigrant families prefer a language broker from within their own family to an external mediator or interpreter, even though there is a well-found resistance to the use of these young interpreters by professionals. In this study I report some findings from surveys of teachers in schools in Ravenna where there has been some use of students as CLBs and of students who have acted or are still acting as mediators for their families in different contexts, not only while at school. This dissertation is divided into five chapters. Chapter one aims at providing an overview of recent migration to Italy and of the differences between first-generation immigrants and second-generation immigrants. The chapter also discusses the available professional interpreting facilities provided by the municipality of Ravenna. Chapter two presents an overview of the literature on child language brokering. Chapter three provides a description of the methodology used in order to analyze the data collected. Chapter four contains a detailed analysis of the questionnaires administered to the students and the interviews submitted to the teachers in four schools in Ravenna. Chapter five focuses on the studies carried out by the researchers of the Thomas Coram Research Unit and University College London and draws a general comparison between their findings from on-line surveys of teachers in schools and my own findings on teachers’ points of view. The results of this study demonstrate that CLB is a common practice among immigrant children living in Ravenna and, although almost all students reported positive appreciation, further work is still needed to assess the impact of this phenomenon.