Silva Fennica Vol. 10, 1976.

Julkaistu Silva Fennica Vol. 10(4) -numeron liitteenä.

Trade Blocs and the Cold War : The CMEA and the EC challenge, 1969-1976

The coherence of the Soviet bloc was seriously tested at the turn of the 1970s, as the Soviet Union and its allies engaged in intensive negotiations over their relations with the European Communities (EC). In an effort to secure their own national economic interests many East European countries began independent manoeuvres against the wishes of their bloc leader. However, much of the intra-bloc controversy was kept out of the public eye, as the battle largely took place behind the scenes, within the organisation for economic cooperation, the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA). The CMEA policy-making process vis-à-vis the EC is described in this study with reference to primary archival materials. This study investigates the negotiating positions and powers of the CMEA member states in their efforts to deal with the economic challenge created by the progress of the EC, as it advanced towards the customs union. This entails an analysis of the functioning principles and performance of the CMEA machinery. The study traces the CMEA negotiations that began in 1970 over its policy toward the EC. The policy was finally adopted in 1974, and was followed by the first official meeting between the two organisations in early 1975. The story ends in 1976, when the CMEA s efforts to enter into working relations with the EC were seemingly frustrated by the latter. The first major finding of the study is that, contrary to much of the prior research, the Soviet Union was not in a hegemonic position vis-à-vis its allies. It had to use a lot of its resources to tame the independent manoeuvring of its smaller allies. Thus, the USSR was not the kind of bloc leader that the totalitarian literature has described. Because the Soviet Union had to spend so much attention on its own bloc-politics, it was not able to concentrate on formulating a policy vis-à-vis the EC. Thus, the Soviet leadership was dependent on its allies in those instances when the socialist countries needed to act as a bloc. This consequently opened up the possibility for the USSR s allies to manoeuvre. This study also argues that when the CMEA did manage to find a united position, it was a force that the EC had to reckon with in its policy-making. This was particularly the case in the implementation of the EC Common Commercial Policy. The other main finding of the study is that, although it has been largely neglected in the previous literature on the history of West European integration, the CMEA did in fact have an effect on EC decision-making. This study shows how for political and ideological reasons the CMEA members did not acknowledge the EC s supranational authority. Therefore the EC had no choice but to refrain from implementing its Common Commercial Policy in full.

Sapientia, 1976, Vol. XXXI, nº 122 (número completo)

Contenido: Verdad, historia y hermenéutica / Octavio N. Derisi – El lumen naturale en Santo Tomás y el essere ideale en Rosmini / William R. Darós – El constitutivo esencial de la persona / Octavio N. Derisi – Filosofía y desarrollo integral / Alberto Caturelli – La respuesta del hombre frente a lo existente : intuición y palabra / Osvaldo Francella – Notas y comentarios -- Bibliografía

Teoría y práctica de la poesía cinética en Composición de lugar (1976) de Amanda Berenguer

Resumen: Este trabajo propone un análisis de Composición de lugar (1976), el volumen que mejor representa la faceta experimental de la poesía de Amanda Berenguer (Montevideo, 1921-2010). Nos interesa examinar el texto a la luz de la noción de “poesía cinética” que desarrolló la autora y, a partir de esta coincidencia de teoría y praxis, rastrear sus vínculos con las búsquedas estéticas de otros autores y grupos de neovanguardia.

Teología, 1976, Tomo XIII nº 027-028 (número completo)

San Cipriano y el Donatismo, en la polémica antidonatista de san Agustín. Estudio histórico-patrístico / Rubén D. García -- La Iglesia y la existencia cristiana en la teología de San Buenaventura. II° parte / José Rovai -- Renovación de la Iglesia Ortodoxa Rusa a principios de este siglo / Domingo Krpan -- Pueblo, religión del pueblo e Iglesia / Lucio Gera -- El plan de la Epístola a los Gálatas / Luis H. Rivas -- Sagrada Congregación para la Educación Católica: La formación teológica de los futuros sacerdotes -- Notas bibliográficas

Mons. Enrique Angelelli, obispo de La Rioja (1968-1976) : recepción diocesana de su muerte: testimonios y valoraciones

Resumen: Este aporte intenta lograr una mirada sincrónica de la tragedia que se llevó de este mundo a Mons. Enrique Angelelli. La trama humana en su conjunto se desarrolla entre tristezas y alegrías y, también, lógicamente, la historia de la Iglesia posee los mismos condimentos. Pero, la clave está en la luz con la cual miramos estos acontecimientos que, en este caso, no sólo será científica o meramente sociológica sino, fundamentalmente, teológica. Así, al recoger los testimonios del pueblo de Dios, presentamos un hecho histórico reflejado a través del prisma de la fe.

[Discurso do Deputado Aldo Fagundes : Sessão da Câmara dos Deputados de 13 de setembro de 1976]

Dá conhecimento à Camara dos Deputados do inteiro teor do documento divulgado pelo Instituto dos Arquitetos do Brasil, onde se analisam as distorções sofridas pelo plano original de Brasília. Discorre sobre a importância da presença do homem no Planalto Central brasileiro, reverenciando a memória do ex-Presidente Juscelino Kubitschek na oportunidade em que evoca episódios ligados à fundação da cidade. Manifesta apreensão ante a ameaça de desumanização que paira sobre a comunidade brasiliense, conforme denuncia o referido documento. Enfatiza a necessidade da imediata institucionalização da ação comunitária em Brasília, que auxilie o Poder Público na solução dos problemas sociais que a cidade vem enfrentando. Traz à baila a questão da participação política do povo brasiliense, expondo as tendências que se vão esboçando, de um lado, pela criação de um Conselho Comunitário e, de outro, pela criação de um órgão de representação política propriamente dito, seja Câmara de Vereadores, seja Assembléia Legislativa. Reproduz em síntese as disposições gerais de projeto que apresentou propondo a criação do Conselho Comunitário de Brasília - COBRAS. Divulga o inteiro teor do parecer das Comissões Técnicas da Casa que já se manifestaram sobre o mencionado projeto. Anuncia a posição assumida pelo Presidente da Associação Comercial, Vicente de Paula Araújo, em favor da participação de Brasília nas decisões políticas e administrativas de interesse da cidade.

[Discurso do Deputado José Maurício : Sessão Conjunta do Congresso Nacional de 24 de março de 1976]

Congratula-se com o Diário de Brasília pela iniciativa de lançar ao debate a criação de uma representação política para o Distrito Federal.

[Discurso do Deputado Peixoto Filho : Sessão Conjunta do Congresso Nacional de 30 de novembro de 1976]

Comenta a realização do I Seminário de Planejamento Governamental para Brasília, que concluiu pela necessidade de uma participação mais direta da população local nas decisões administrativas. Comenta as propostas discutidas no encontro, ressaltando as relativas à representação política para Brasília, a ampliação da área física do Distrito Federal e a criação de região metropolitana. Lê editorial publicado na imprensa brasiliense sob o título "Visão Realista de Brasília", que analisa as palestras proferidas no encontro. Afirma que a falta de representação política tem marginalizado o eleitorado do Distrito Federal.

California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations, hydrographic data report, Monterey Bay, January to December 1976

(Document contains 117 pages.)

Results of a fish health survey of North Biscayne Bay, June 1976-June 1977

Fish were collected weekly in Biscayne Bay using a monofilament gill net set from a small skiff during 20-30 minute intervals. Although weekly sampling took place for 2.5 years, only the data from samples collected from June 1976 to June 1977 were used in this document. Abnormal external conditions of fins and body were observed on each fish and recorded. Fish were returned immediately to their habitats. Fish collected in the time period for this study numbered 3,765 and included 32 species. Of these, 16 species, totaling 3,556 fish, were caught in sufficient numbers (20 or more) to warrant data analysis. Only 3 of the 16 species could be considered relatively unafflicted: Aetobatus narinari (spotted eagle ray), Diodon hystrix (porcupinefish), and Selene vomer (lookdown). More than 80% of the examined specimens of these three species were unaffected. Less than 20% of the specimens of Diapterus plumieri (striped mojarra), Micropogonias undulatus (Atlantic croaker), and Pogonias cromis (black drum) displayed normal conditions. The three most afflicted species were Diapterus plumieri, striped mojarra; Micropogonias undulatus, Atlantic croaker; and Pogonias cromis, black drum. Only 7, 3, and 7% respectively showed no external evidence of disease. Data described in this document were originally tabulated in the mid-1970s, remained unpublished, and are no longer available. This document was based on archived unpublished text, a data summary table, and figures. Most of the text and cited references were the ones used in the original manuscript and no attempt was made to update them. (PDF contains 44 pages)

Coleção das Leis da República Federativa do Brasil de 1976

Parte 1 - Atos do Poder Legislativo

Ecologic and hydrographic studies of Elkhorn Slough, Moss Landing Harbor and near coastal waters, July 1974 to June 1976

In July 1974, we began a two-year baseline study of the Moss Landing Elkhorn Slough marine environment for Pacific Gas and Electric Company as mandated by the Coastal Commission. The original proposal included strong recommendations for more complete oceanographic studies and a third year of data collection. These further studies were not funded. This report is divided into three sections: oceanography, benthic invertebrate ecology and fish and zooplankton ecology. (PDF contains 480 pages)

Net phytoplankton and zooplankton in the New York Bight, January 1976 to February 1978, with comments on the effects of wind, Gulf Stream eddies, and slope water intrusions

Results are given of monthly net phytoplankton and zooplankton sampling from a 10 m depth in shelf, slope, and Gulf Stream eddy water along a transect running southeastward from Ambrose Light, New York, in 1976, 1977, and early 1978. Plankton abundance and temperature at 10 m and sea surface salinity at each station are listed. The effects of atmospheric forcing and Gulf Stream eddies on plankton distribution and abundance arc discussed. The frequency of Gulf Stream eddy passage through the New York Bight corresponded with the frequency of tropical-subtropical net phytoplankton in the samples. Gulf Stream eddies injected tropical-subtropical zooplankton onto the shelf and removed shelfwater and its entrained zooplankton. Wind-induced offshore Ekman transport corresponded generally with the unusual timing of two net phytoplankton maxima. Midsummer net phytoplankton maxima were recorded following the passage of Hurricane Belle (August 1976) and a cold front (July 1977). Tropical-subtropical zooplankton which had been injected onto the outer shelf by Gulf Stream eddies were moved to the inner shelf by a wind-induced current moving up the Hudson Shelf Valley. (PDF file contains 47 pages.)