Respostas nos componentes da aptidão fisica e saude de individuos do sexo masculino com 18-22 anos de idade submetidos a programas de treinamento com sobrecarga

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

Lisina digestível para frangos de corte machos entre 12 e 22 dias de idade

Avaliou-se nível de lisina digestível para 1050 frangos de corte dos 12 aos 22 dias de idade. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos, sete repetições e 30 aves por unidade experimental. Os tratamentos foram: 1,05; 1,10; 1,15; 1,20 e 1,25% de lisina digestível. Avaliaram-se ganho de peso, consumo de ração, conversão alimentar, composição e deposição de nutrientes corporais. Foram constatados efeitos quadráticos de lisina digestível no consumo de ração e resposta linear ascendente no peso da carcaça. Na composição química da carcaça, houve resposta quadrática do nível de lisina na concentração de proteína. As taxas de deposição proteica, deposição de água, da carcaça e do corpo total tiveram aumento linear em resposta ao acréscimo de lisina na dieta. O aumento da concentração de lisina, todavia, coincidiu com a redução da matéria mineral nas vísceras e sangue e no corpo total. Considerado o desempenho, o nível 1,1% de lisina digestível atendeu às necessidades do frango de corte entre o 12º e o 22º dia de idade. Consideradas a composição química e as taxas de deposição dos nutrientes corporais, a demanda pelo aminoácido digestível torna-se igual ou maior que 1,25%

Lisina digestível e zinco orgânico para frangos de corte machos na fase de 22 a 42 dias de idade

Os efeitos dietéticos de lisina digestível e zinco quelato para frangos de corte machos entre 22 e 42 dias de idade foram avaliados em dois ensaios experimentais. Adotou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado em arranjo fatorial 5 × 2, com cinco níveis de lisina (0,841; 0,876; 0,997; 1,022 e 1,030%) e dois de zinco (43 e 243 ppm). No primeiro ensaio, utilizaram-se 900 aves com peso médio inicial de 957,4 g distribuídas em parcelas experimentais de 30 aves e três repetições e, no segundo ensaio, 180 frangos com peso médio inicial de 866,22 g, divididos em parcelas de três aves e seis repetições. As características avaliadas foram desempenho, rendimento de cortes e composição corporal (1º ensaio), balanço de nitrogênio e digestibilidade aparente das dietas (2º ensaio). Houve interação entre os níveis de lisina e zinco para o ganho de peso, a conversão alimentar, a matéria seca ingerida e o balanço energético. Os rendimentos de peito, coxa e sobrecoxa tiveram aumentos lineares em resposta ao acréscimo no nível de lisina digestível na dieta. O melhor desempenho foi obtido com o nível de 0,997% de lisina digestível (ou 1,134% lisina total) e de 43 ppm de zinco. Para maior rendimento dos cortes, o nível de lisina digestível recomendável deve ser no mínimo 1,002% (ou 1,139% de lisina total), independentemente dos níveis de zinco quelato. A maior inclusão de zinco em dietas para frangos de corte dos 22 aos 42 dias de idade não melhora a utilização da lisina na dieta e aumenta a deposição de gordura corporal.

Interleukin-22 forms dimers that are recognized by two interleukin-22R1 receptor chains

Interleukin-22 (IL-22) is a class 2 cytokine whose primary structure is similar to that of interleukin 10 (IL-10) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). IL-22 induction during acute phase immune response indicates its involvement in mechanisms of inflammation. Structurally different from IL-10 and a number of other members of IL-10 family, which form intertwined inseparable V-shaped dimers of two identical polypeptide chains, a single polypeptide chain of IL-22 folds on itself in a relatively globular structure. Here we present evidence, based on native gel electrophoresis, glutaraldehyde cross-linking, dynamic light scattering, and small angle x-ray scattering experiments, that human IL-22 forms dimers and tetramers in solution under protein concentrations assessable by these experiments. Unexpectedly, low-resolution molecular shape of IL-22 dimers is strikingly similar to that of IL-10 and other intertwined cytokine dimeric forms. Furthermore, we determine an ab initio molecular shape of the IL-22/IL-22R1 complex which reveals the V-shaped IL-22 dimer interacting with two cognate IL-22R1 molecules. Based on this collective evidence, we argue that dimerization might be a common mechanism of all class 2 cytokines for the molecular recognition with their respective membrane receptor. We also speculate that the IL-22 tetramer formation could represent a way to store the cytokine in nonactive form at high concentrations that could be readily converted into functionally active monomers and dimers upon interaction with the cognate cellular receptors.

Onset of pi(0) Suppression Studied in Cu plus Cu Collisions at root s(NN)=22.4, 62.4, and 200 GeV

Neutral pion transverse momentum (p(T)) spectra at midrapidity (|y| less than or similar to 0.35) were measured in Cu + Cu collisions at root s(NN) = 22.4, 62.4, and 200 GeV. Relative to pi(0) yields in p + p collisions scaled by the number of inelastic nucleon-nucleon collisions (N(coll)) the pi(0) yields for p(T) greater than or similar to 2 GeV/c in central Cu + Cu collisions are suppressed at 62.4 and 200 GeV whereas an enhancement is observed at 22.4 GeV. A comparison with a jet-quenching model suggests that final state parton energy loss dominates in central Cu + Cu collisions at 62.4 and 200 GeV, while the enhancement at 22.4 GeV is consistent with nuclear modifications in the initial state alone.

Charged hadron multiplicity fluctuations in Au+Au and Cu+Cu collisions from root S(NN) = 22.5 to 200 GeV

A comprehensive survey of event-by-event fluctuations of charged hadron multiplicity in relativistic heavy ions is presented. The survey covers Au+Au collisions at s(NN)=62.4 and 200 GeV, and Cu+Cu collisions at s(NN)=22.5,62.4, and 200 GeV. Fluctuations are measured as a function of collision centrality, transverse momentum range, and charge sign. After correcting for nondynamical fluctuations due to fluctuations in the collision geometry within a centrality bin, the remaining dynamical fluctuations expressed as the variance normalized by the mean tend to decrease with increasing centrality. The dynamical fluctuations are consistent with or below the expectation from a superposition of participant nucleon-nucleon collisions based upon p+p data, indicating that this dataset does not exhibit evidence of critical behavior in terms of the compressibility of the system. A comparison of the data with a model where hadrons are independently emitted from a number of hadron clusters suggests that the mean number of hadrons per cluster is small in heavy ion collisions.

Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of human IL-22 bound to its soluble decoy receptor IL-22BP

Interleukin-22 (IL-22) is a pleiotropic cytokine that is involved in inflammatory responses. Human IL-22 was incubated with its soluble decoy receptor IL-22BP (IL-22 binding protein) and the IL-22 -IL-22BP complex was crystallized in hanging drops using the vapour-diffusion method. Suitable crystals were obtained from polyethylene glycol solutions and diffraction data were collected to 2.75 angstrom resolution. The crystal belonged to the tetragonal space group P41, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 67.9, c = 172.5 angstrom, and contained two IL-22-IL- 22BP complexes per asymmetric unit.

Defining Nutrient and Biochemical Oxygen Demand Baselines for Tropical Rivers and Streams in So Paulo State (Brazil): A Comparison Between Reference and Impacted Sites

Determining reference concentrations in rivers and streams is an important tool for environmental management. Reference conditions for eutrophication-related water variables are unavailable for Brazilian freshwaters. We aimed to establish reference baselines for So Paulo State tropical rivers and streams for total phosphorus (TP) and nitrogen (TN), nitrogen-ammonia (NH(4) (+)) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) through the best professional judgment and the trisection methods. Data from 319 sites monitored by the So Paulo State Environmental Company (2005 to 2009) and from the 22 Water Resources Management Units in So Paulo State were assessed (N = 27,131). We verified that data from different management units dominated by similar land cover could be analyzed together (Analysis of Variance, P = 0.504). Cumulative frequency diagrams showed that industrialized management units were characterized by the worst water quality (e.g. average TP of 0.51 mg/L), followed by agricultural watersheds. TN and NH(4) (+) were associated with urban percentages and population density (Spearman Rank Correlation Test, P < 0.05). Best professional judgment and trisection (median of lower third of all sites) methods for determining reference concentrations showed agreement: 0.03 & 0.04 mg/L (TP), 0.31 & 0.34 mg/L (TN), 0.06 & 0.10 mg-N/L (NH(4) (+)) and 2 & 2 mg/L (BOD), respectively. Our reference concentrations were similar to TP and TN reference values proposed for temperate water bodies. These baselines can help with water management in So Paulo State, as well as providing some of the first such information for tropical ecosystems.

Highlights from the II international symposium of thrombosis and anticoagulation (ISTA), October 22-23, 2009, So Paulo, Brazil

sanofi-aventis

Short-term urea feeding decreases in vitro hatching of bovine blastocysts

Cows fed high-protein diets may have impaired reproductive performance. Although the pathogenesis has not been completely elucidated, it appears that not only the uterus, but also the follicle and oocyte, are affected by excessive plasma urea nitrogen (PUN) concentrations. Thus, the objective was to determine the effects of short-term urea feeding on the competence of bovine oocytes. Forty crossbred heifers (Bos indicus vs Bos taurus) were allocated to two groups, namely CONTROL (maintenance diet) and UREA (maintenance diet supplemented with 75 g of urea/day), following a cross-over design. Heifers received their respective diets for 6 d (without adaptation). On the sixth day, blood samples were harvested both before and 3 h after feeding, and cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were collected by ovum pick-up. Although PUN concentrations were higher in UREA than CONTROL heifers (31.31 mg/dL +/- 1.13 vs 22.12 mg/dL +/- 0.86; mean +/- SEM), neither the number of COCs recovered (8.8 +/- 1.0 vs 9.2 +/- 0.8, UREA vs CONTROL, respectively) nor their quality (based on morphology) differed significantly between groups. Next, oocytes were fertilized and cultured in vitro to assess developmental rates. There was an absence of significant differences between groups for rates of cleavage (Day 3) or blastocyst formation (Days 6, 7 and 9), but the hatched blastocyst rate on Day 11 after fertilization was lower (P < 0.05) in the UREA than the CONTROL groups (64.3 vs 83.5%). Therefore, we inferred that the effects of urea were only manifest later in development. In conclusion, high PUN concentrations decreased oocyte competence in heifers, reinforcing the hypothesis that poor reproductive performance in cows with high PUN was due, at least in part, to a deleterious effect on oocytes. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Cheilitis glandularis: A clinicopathological study in 22 patients

Background: Cheilitis glandularis (CG) is a condition in which thick Saliva is secreted by minor labial salivary glands and adheres to a swollen lip causing discomfort to the patient. Most Publications refer to single case reports or small case series. Objective. We sought to report and to analyze clinical, pathological, and therapeutic data oil 22 patients with CG seen at the department of dermatology at our university. Method: Retrospective data about 22 patients with CG are reviewed and presented. Results: Seventeen patients were male and 5 were female. All were fair skinned, including 6 albino individuals. Several of them presented significant signs of photodamage on the lips. treatment was performed in 10 severely affected patients and consisted of I vermilionectomy followed by minor salivary gland removal. Histopathological Study revealed Various degrees of chronic sialadenitis and vermilion epithelial changes. Superficially invasive and in Situ squamous cell carcinoma of the vermilion was detected in 3 cases. Limitations: Biopsy and surgery were not performed in all patients. Conclusions: CG is strongly related to Sun sensitivity and may be more severe in albino patients. The swollen, sun-exposed lip may become more susceptible to the occurrence of squamous Cell carcinoma. (J Am Acad Dermatol 2010;62:233-8.)