O corpo e o templo : problemas sobre o uso do corpo na produção de um modelo comunitário ascético no cristianismo primitivo

O corpo no cristianismo primitivo não é apenas um dado biológico. É um princípio operativo sobre a qual se davam as práticas sociais e, ao mesmo tempo, os compromissos teológicos. O controle do corpo (e, daí, da sexualidade, da reprodução, das práticas ascéticas) era o ponto nevrálgico onde se deveria garantir não apenas a existência interna do grupo (sua continuação no tempo, suas hierarquias e suas diferenciações) mas também seus limites em relação ao meio circundante (o próprio e o impróprio, o puro e o impuro). Uma análise da ideologia do corpo no cristianismo primitivo pressupõe, antes de tudo, a manutenção do grupo, e tento mostrar de que modo ela não somente se beneficiava como se fundamentava na interpretação destas esferas: a das suas práticas sociais (a construção comunitária da moralidade) e a dos seus mecanismos teológicos (a criação de vínculos simbólicos, quer dizer, uma experiência e uma intelecção do que seria, para a grupo, a divindade).

白腹锦鸡和红腹锦鸡的遗传分化

测定了白腹锦鸡C. amherstiae两个个体部分细胞色素b基因序列,得到完全相同的861bp的序列。与红腹锦鸡C. pictus的同源序列相比,在21个位点上出现变异,应用木村资生的双参数法算出两者的遗传距离为2.5%。根据鸡形目细胞色素b基因核苷酸替换的速率约为每百万年0.5%-0.7%,推断出两种锦鸡的分化时间至少为1.7百万年。从而在分子水平上支持白腹锦鸡(C. amherstiae)和红腹锦鸡(C. pictus)是两个独立种。

Growth performance evaluation of genetically improved silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus Bleeker) in different agro-ecological zones in Bangladesh

On farm trials of silver barb with other carps were carried out in 40 ponds during May to October 2005 in four agro-ecological zones viz., Trishal, Muktagacha, Parbotipur and Paikgacha in Bangladesh. In Trishal and Muktagacha zones, ponds were stocked with silver barb, silver carp and common carp at the stocking density of 11,500 fish/ha, whereas in Parbotipur and Paikgacha zones, ponds were stocked with silver barb, rohu, catla and mrigal at the stocking density of 10,000/ha. Among the ponds, 50% (20 ponds) were stocked with BFRI improved stock of silver barb (Treatment-1) and rest of the 20 ponds stocked with local silver barb stock (Treatment-2). The harvest weight of BFRI improved silver barb were 149±16.01, 168±18.06, 198±14 and 230±9.25g in Trishal, Muktagacha, Paikgacha and Parbotipur, whereas the data obtained at 113±15.52, 136±20.66, 170±17.0 and 205±12.10g for local stock of silver barb, respectively. In all trials, the harvest weight of BFRI improved stock showed significantly higher growth performance (P<0.05) over the local stocks.

Graphone model interpolation and Arabic pronunciation generation

This paper extends n-gram graphone model pronunciation generation to use a mixture of such models. This technique is useful when pronunciation data is for a specific variant (or set of variants) of a language, such as for a dialect, and only a small amount of pronunciation dictionary training data for that specific variant is available. The performance of the interpolated n-gram graphone model is evaluated on Arabic phonetic pronunciation generation for words that can't be handled by the Buckwalter Morphological Analyser. The pronunciations produced are also used to train an Arabic broadcast audio speech recognition system. In both cases the interpolated graphone model leads to improved performance. Copyright © 2011 ISCA.

Relationships between microcystins and environmental parameters in 30 subtropical shallow lakes along the Yangtze River, China

1. A survey of 30 subtropical shallow lakes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River area in China was conducted during July-September in 2003-2004 to study how environmental and biological variables were associated with the concentration of the cyanobacterial toxin microcystin (MC). 2. Mean MC concentration in seasonally river-connected lakes (SL) was nearly 33 times that in permanently river-connected lakes (RL), and more than six times that in city lakes (NC) and non-urban lakes (NE) which were not connected to the Yangtze River. The highest MC (8.574 mu g L-1) was detected in Dianshan Lake. 3. MC-RR and MC-LR were the primary toxin variants in our data. MC-RR, MC-YR and MC-LR were significantly correlated with Ch1 a, biomass of cyanobacteria, Microcystis and Anabaena, indicating that microcystins were mainly produced by Microcystis and Anabaena sp. in these lakes. 4. Nonlinear interval maxima regression indicated that the relationships of Secchi depth, total nitrogen (TN) : total phosphorus UP) and NH4+ with MC were characterised by negative exponential curves. The relationships between MC and TN, TP, NO3- + NO2- were fitted well with a unimodal curve. 5. Multivariate analyses by principal component and classifying analysis indicated that MC was mainly affected by Microcystis among the biological factors, and was closely related with temperature among physicochernical factors.

Photoluminescence of ZnO : Tb nanoparticles

Terbium-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles have been prepared by hydrolyzing zinc acetate and terbium acetate. Nanoparticle-matrix-facilitated photoluminescence which is related to Tb3+ ions has been observed for ZnO:Tb nanoparticles. The dependence of emission intensity on doping concentration of Tb3+ ions has been investigated. An energy transfer from excited states of ZnO hosts to dopants is disclosed by the fact that the emission intensity of Tb3+ centers increases with increasing Tb content at the expense of emission from defect states in ZnO matrix.

大规模复杂自然场景的时变模拟研究

大规模复杂自然场景真实感生成一直是计算机图形学的难点和热点之一，而用计算机模拟物体风化/老化/枯萎等现象是真实感图形学的新兴热点研究内容。上述两项技术可成功应用于包括计算机动画、虚拟现实、电影特效和数字游戏等方面。本文对这两个领域中的问题进行了研究与探讨，并取得了研究成果。 自然物体具有丰富复杂的细节，并且数据量很大，其在计算机中的真实感表示一直是图形学中一个富有挑战性的问题。随着研究与应用的深入，人们已不再仅仅满足于自然物体的静态真实感效果，而更加关注于自然场景中的动态时变过程，以及所形成的自然现象的整体效果。对于自然物体会发生的风化/老化/枯萎等现象进行时变模拟可以增强已有结果的真实感。本文即针对大规模自然场景中复杂物体的时变模拟进行了研究，提出了真实感表示、时变模型以及加速绘制等方面的一系列解决方法。这些方法与技术为真实感模拟自然物体的时变现象创造了条件，具有很强的实用价值。本文的主要工作和贡献如下：  首次提出了时变纹元的表示结构，可成功地用于模拟复杂自然物体的风化/枯萎等现象。该结构改进了传统三维纹元，加入时变特性方面的描述信息。时变纹元中记录的纹元变化序列，可有效用于表示自然场景中最重要组成部分──大规模草地的枯萎时变过程。本文使用时间-空间划分树对时变纹元数据进行重新组织及有效压缩。采用这种层次树结构处理的时变纹元，并应用GPU上的光线行进算法进行快速体绘制，最终可得到具有真实感的时变模拟结果。  基于时变纹元的表示结构，提出一种新的模型结构转换机制，使之能够采用物理模型/过程模型对复杂自然物体的动态几何形变进行模拟。纹元的三维阵列结构难以处理物体的个体几何形变，因此本文提出借鉴点模型的转换结构以解决这个问题。本文给出了点模型和纹元的转换规则，可通过计算点模型的动态信息而得到纹元的时变序列。该算法充分结合了纹元结构及点模型的优势，为模拟复杂自然物体的时变现象提供了有效新型方法。  首次提出了γ-ton体跟踪算法，可用于对复杂自然物体的风化现象进行模拟。γ-ton跟踪算法是目前能够有效模拟物体风化现象的通用框架之一，可同时计算物体几何形状和材质随时间变化的情况。但是该方法仅适用于跟踪发生在物体表面的时变现象，而无法处理自然物体体结构中的材质及形状的改变。本文提出的γ-ton体跟踪算法可针对复杂自然物体，模拟其体结构上产生的风化/老化现象，增强了算法的适用性。  首次提出了基于纹元结构的重绘制算法来增强图像及视频中的毛发真实感。该算法采用图像分析方法，将图像中的目标区域进行提取并网格化，生成纹元结构并映射到图像网格之上，通过重绘制算法得到增强毛发感的新图像。本文的算法同样可处理视频，首先计算得到视频关键帧的重绘制结果，然后基于目标区域在时间轴上的匹配情况，从关键帧出发进行前向及后向传递，计算视频中的其余帧的重绘制结果，最终得到毛发感增强的新视频。本文的方法提供了一种能够高效生成具备毛发真实感的图像及视频的新型方法，这对于电影制造业有很高的应用价值。

A Broadband Long-Wavelength Superluminescent Diode Based on Graded Composition Bulk InGaAs

A novel unselective regrowth buried heterostructure long-wavelength superluminescent diode （SLD） with a graded composition bulk InGaAs active region is developed by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy （MOVPE）. At a 150mA injection current, the full width at half maximum of the emission spectrum of the SLD is about 72nm, ranging from 1602 to 1674nm. The emission spectrum is smooth and flat. The ripple of the spectrum is less than 0.3dB at any wavelength from 1550 to 1700nm. An output power of 4.3mW is obtained at a 200mA injection current under continuous-wave operation at room temperature. This device is suitable for the applications of light sources for gas detectors and L-band optical fiber communications.

空间直观森林景观模型不确定性分析

过去的十年出现了大量的空间直观森林景观模型。空间直观森林景观模型模拟大尺度上的空间生态过程(演替、火、采伐和病虫害等)，它需要大尺度空间数据的输入和大量模型参数的估计。由于空间数据的缺乏，在参数化过程中会有很多的人为误差从而导致模型模拟结果的不确定性(主观不确定性)。此外，为了表现自然系统的随机性，大部分空间直观景观模型采用了随机模拟的方式。随机模拟也会使模型在相同参数下具有不同的模拟结果(随机不确定性)。 本文采用蒙特卡罗模拟、拉丁超几何体采样、地统计学随机模拟及方差分析的方法，系统研究了主观不确定性和随机不确定性在模型中传递和影响。结果表明， 1) 用小班尺度上的物种年龄组信息初始化象元尺度上的物种年龄组信息对LANDIS模型景观尺度上的模拟结果没有显著的影响，但是对象元尺度上的模拟结果有显著的影响； 2) 用克吕格空间插值所获取的物种年龄信息可用于LANDIS模型对景观组分和格局的长期模拟； 3) 随机不确定性的存在使LANDIS模型不适用于小尺度上的景观格局变化的模拟，但是随机不确定性不影响LANDIS模型在大尺度上的景观组分和格局的长期模拟； 4) 随机不确定性要明显低于主观不确定性，随机不确定性和主观不确定性存在显著的相互作用。