Romanilaulutapa ja sointi-ihanne : romanikulttuurin sisäisiä näkökulmia (1)

Katsausartikkeli

Romanimusiikkia mahtilauluista tangoon

Kirjallisuusarvostelu

Muistipotilaan hoito- ja palveluketju Suomessa kuntien ikääntymispoliittisten strategioiden kuvaamana. Asiakirja-analyysi

Tutkielman tarkoituksena oli kuvata suomalaisen muistipotilaan hoito- ja palveluketju kuntien strategisten asiakirjojen kuvaamana. Lisäksi tarkoituksena on verrata muistipotilaan hoito- ja palveluketjun eroja suuralueittain. Tutkimuksen tavoitteena on kehittää muistipotilaan hoito- ja palveluketjukäytänteitä suomalaisessa palvelujärjestelmässä. Tutkimuksen kohderyhmän muodostivat suomalaiset kunnat ja niiden ikääntymispoliittiset strategiat (N = 40). Strategioista tarkasteltiin muistipotilaiden hoidon ja palvelujen nykytilan kuvauksia (n =36). Aineisto kerättiin ositetun otannan perusteella mukaan arvottujen kuntien Internet-sivuilta. Aineisto analysoitiin deduktiivisella sisällönanalyysilla. Aineisto myös kvantifioitiin analyysirungon mukaisesti. Tutkimuksen tulosten mukaan kunnissa muistipotilaille tarjotaan keskimäärin kolmea eri palvelua. Vain 9 % kunnista huomioi muistisairauksien ennaltaehkäisyn strategioissaan. Muistipotilaat diagnosoidaan pääosin muistipoliklinikoilla, joita on 24 %:ssa kunnista. Muistihoitajia oli 38 %:ssa kunnista ja heillä oli olennainen rooli muistipo-tilaiden seurannassa, tukemisessa ja tiedonantajana. Muistipotilaan kotona asumista tuki 59 % kunnista. Kotona asumista tuettiin kotiin toimitettavien palveluiden sekä päivähoidon ja -toiminnan avulla. Omaishoitajia tuettiin 29 %:ssa kunnista samantyyppisten palveluiden avulla sekä kolmannen sektorin tukemana. 88 % kunnista tarjosi muistipotilaille asumispalveluita tai pitkäaikaishoitoa. Pitkäaikaishoitoa tarjottiin enemmän laitosmaisessa ympäristössä kuin asumispalveluita tehostetun palveluasumisen piirissä. Pitkäaikaishoito oli tarkoitettu keskivaikeasti tai vaikeasti muisti-sairaille. 21 % kunnista huomioi muistipotilaiden kanssa työskentelevien ammatti-henkilöiden osaamisen ja sen kehittämisen. Yksityinen ja kolmas sektori toimi lähes kaikkien palveluiden täydentäjänä. Muistipotilaiden hoidon ja palveluiden huomioiminen strategiatasolla puuttui todennäköisimmin Itä- ja Pohjois-Suomesta. Parhaiten kuvauksia löytyi Etelä-Suomesta. Pohjois-Suomessa ei kuvattu ennaltaehkäisyä lainkaan. Itä-Suomesta puolestaan puuttuivat muistipotilaan omaisten tuki ja palvelut. Pitkäaikaishoidon laitosmuotoinen hoito puuttui Pohjois-Suomen strategioista kokonaan kun Länsi-Suomessa sitä puolestaan painotettiin palvelujen kuvauksessa. Suomen kuntien tulisi huomioida muistipotilaiden hoito ja palvelut nykyistä laajemmin ikääntymispoliittisissa strategioissaan koko Suomen alueella. Erityisesti tulisi kiinnittää huomiota muistisairauksien ennaltaehkäisyyn, omaishoitajien tukemiseen ja palveluihin sekä muistipotilaita kohtaavien sosiaali- ja terveysalan ammattilaisten koulutukseen. Näillä keinoilla kunnat voivat tarjota muistisairaille kuntalaisille pa-rasta mahdollista kokonaisvaltaista hoitoa ja palveluita.

Romanihistoriaa kulttuurin sisäistä näkökulmaa kunnioittamalla

Kirjallisuusarvostelu

Pienille pojille piiskannauhaa ja aikamiehille veistä (vanha mustalaislaulu) : mahtilaulun maskuliininen menneisyys ja nykyisyys

Artikkeli on täydennetty versio esitelmästä "All the Gypsy lads, raise their knives" - a historical and cultural meanings of boasting songs of the Finnish Roma - ICTM Study Group on Applied Ethnomusicology, the 3rd symposium in Cyprus, 18-22 April 2012.

Lattice preferred orientation in omphacite: Examples from the Tauern Window, Austria and the Western Gneiss Region, Norway

It is lively debated how eclogites find their way from deep to mid-crustal levels during exhumation. Different exhumation models for high-pressure and ultrahigh-pressure rocks were suggested in previous studies, based mainly on field observations and less on microstructural studies on the exhumed rocks. The development and improvement of electron microscopy techniques allows it, to focus interest on direct investigations of microstructures and crystallographic properties in eclogites. In this case, it is of importance to study the applicability of crystallographic measurements on eclogites for exhumation processes and to unravel which processes affect eclogite textures. Previous studies suggested a strong relationship between deformation and lattice preferred orientation (LPO) in omphacite but it is still unclear if the deformation is related to the exhumation of eclogites. This study is focused on the questions which processes affect omphacite LPO and if textural investigations of omphacite are applicable for studying eclogite exhumation. Therefore, eclogites from two examples in the Alps and in the Caledonides were collected systematically and investigated with respect to omphacite LPO by using the electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) technique. Omphacite textures of the Tauern Window (Austria) and the Western Gneiss Region (Norway) were studied to compare lattice preferred orientation with field observations and suggested exhumation models from previous studies. The interpretation of omphacite textures, regarding the deformation regime is mainly based on numerical simulations in previous studies. Omphacite LPO patterns of the Eclogite Zone are clearly independent from any kind of exhumation process. The textures were generated during omphacite growth on the prograde path of eclogite development until metamorphic peak conditions. Field observations in the Eclogite Zone show that kinematics in garnet mica schist, surrounding the eclogites, strongly indicate an extrusion wedge geometry. Stretching lineations show top-N thrusting at the base and a top-S normal faulting with a sinistral shear component at the top of the Eclogite Zone. The different shear sense on both sides of the unit does not affect the omphacite textures in any way. The omphacite lattice preferred orientation patterns of the Western Gneiss Region can not be connected with any exhumation model. The textures were probably generated during the metamorphic peak and reflect the change from subduction to exhumation. Eclogite Zone and Western Gneiss Region differ significantly in size and especially in metamorphic conditions. While the Eclogite Zone is characterized by constant P-T conditions (600-650°C, 20-25 kbar), the Western Gneiss Region contains a wide P-T range from high- to ultrahigh pressure conditions (400-800°C, 20-35 kbar). In contrast to this, the omphacite textures of both units are very similar. This means that omphacite LPO is independent from P-T conditions and therefore from burial depth. Further, in both units, omphacite LPO is independent from grain and subgrain size as well as from any shape preferred orientation (SPO) on grain and subgrain scale. Overall, omphacite lattice preferred orientation are generated on the prograde part of omphacite development. Therefore, textural investigations on omphacite LPO are not applicable to study eclogite exhumation.

The KAI Cognitive Style Inventory: Was it personality all along?

Kirton's Adaption-Innovation Inventory (KAI) is a widely-used measure of "cognitive style." Surprisingly, there is very little research investigating the discriminant and incremental validity of the KAI. In two studies (n = 213), we examined whether (a) we could predict KAI scores with the "big five" personality dimensions and (b) the KAI scores predicted leadership behavior when controlling for personality and ability. Correcting for measurement error, we found that KAI scores were predicted mostly by personality and gender (multiple R = 0.82). KAI scores did not predict variance in leadership while controlling for established predictors. Our findings add to recent literature that questions the uniqueness and utility of cognitive style or similar "style" constructs; researchers using such measures must control for the big five factors and correct for measurement error to avoid confounded interpretations.

Anomalous somatic embryos in Acca sellowiana (O. Berg) Burret (Myrtaceae)

Somatic embryogenesis represents a valuable tool for the studies on the basic aspects of plant embryo development. Today this process is used as a potencial technique for large-scale plant micropropagation although, so far, it has been applied to only a small number of species. However, when somatic embryos are malformed they are considered economically useless. In Acca sellowiana (O. Berg) Burret, an important fruit-producing crop, large amounts of anomalous somatic embryos (76.3%) were found just after 40 days of culture of explants in a 2,4-D containing medium. Among the anomalous forms found in the cotiledonary stage, 12.2% consisted of fused embryos, 40.4% displayed fused cotyledons, 13.0% presented supernumerary cotyledons, and 10.7% showed absence or poorly developed cotyledons, including those without the shoot apical meristem. Histological analyses indicated that the altered embryos were formed either directly from cotyledons, hypocotyl and radicle of the zygotic embryos used as explants, or indirectly from calli formed from these tissue parts. It is suggested that the formation of anomalous somatic embryos, as well as a low frequency of conversion into emblings reflect physiological and/or genetic disturbances triggered by the presence of 2,4-D in the medium. In vitro experimental alternative approaches are discussed in order to lessen the occurrence of malformed somatic embryos.

Morpho-Anatomical Analysis of the Rhizome in Species of Scleria Berg. (Cyperaceae) from Serra do Cipó (MG)

Aspects related to the nature of stem thickening in monocotyledons have been the subject of many studies. Primary thickening has been attributed to the Primary Thickening Meristem (PTM). According to most authors, it gives rise, besides the adventitious roots, to the vascular tissues and part of the cortex. In other words, it has centripetal and centrifugal activity. For some authors, however, it gives rise only to the vascular system, and for others, only to part of the cortex. However, this work demonstrated that PTM corresponds to the pericycle in the meristematic phase or to the pericycle associated with the endodermis, also with meristematic activity. It was observed that the pericycle was responsible for the formation of the vascular system of the rhizome and of the adventitious roots; the endodermis gave rise to cell layers with radial disposition which comprised the inner portion of the stem cortex, and which corresponded to the region known as the derivatives of the meristematic endodermis (DME). A continuity was also demonstrated between the tissues of the stem and root in species of Scleria Berg. (Cyperaceae).

Anthocyanins, pigment stability and antioxidant activity in jabuticaba [Myrciaria cauliflora (Mart.) O. Berg]

Different solvents were evaluated for the extraction of jabuticaba anthocyanin pigments, identifying, quantifying and verifying the stability of the anthocyanins, as well as the conduction of three antioxidant activity assays and determination of the vitamin C levels. The maceration with ethanol acidified with HCl 1.5 mol L-1 (85:15) provides better pigment extraction and stability. The skin is anthocyanin rich, presenting 1.59 and 2.06 g 100 g-1 of dry matter in the Paulista and Sabará varieties, respectively. Cyanidin 3-glucoside is the majority pigment of the skins, followed by delphinidin 3-glucoside. The highest level of vitamin C was found in the skins and seeds of both varieties. It was verified that the skins, presented more antioxidant activity, in free radical capture, as well as in retarding the lipid oxidation process.

Development of IT Service Management in a Large International Company

The purpose of this Master’s thesis is to examine the IT Service Management (ITSM) capabilities of a large international company and develop a design for the IT Service Management of the company. The thesis consists of two parts: a literature review and a case study. The first part is the literature review. It examines different aspects of IT Service Management. The purpose of the literature review is to increase the credibility of the case study. In the case study, the IT Service Management of a large industrial company is assessed, and an improved design for IT Service Management is created. The services are limited to common IT services, and management is limited to operative management. To assess and develop the case company’s IT Service Management, the IT organization and its ITSM capabilities are analyzed, and on the basis of the analyses, an improved IT Service Management model is created. As a result of the analyses, it was found out that the management of the IT organization is function-oriented. Therefore, the organization needs a management model that breaks the functional borders and brings services to the center of management. The designed model aspires to achieve this by defining IT services and modeling management processes from the service perspective.

Bisnesenkeleiden ei-taloudelliset investoinnit startup-rahoituksessa: Näkökulmia Suomesta

Tämä tutkimus on kvalitatiivinen tutkimus bisnesenkelisijoittamisen ei-taloudellisesta osuudesta suomalaisessa startup-rahoitus kontekstissa. Tutkimus on toteutettu suorittamalla kirjallisuuskatsaus aiempaan alan kirjallisuuteen, sekä täydentämällä tätä kolmella puolistrukturoidulla enkelisijoittajan haastattelulla. Tutkimuksessa pyritään vastaamaan seuraaviin tutkimuskysymyksiin: mitä bisnesenkeleiden ei-taloudelliset investoinnit käytännössä ovat? Mitä tutkimusta bisnesenkeleiden ei-taloudellisista investoinneista on aikaisemmin tehty? Käyttääkö bisnesenkeli omia osaamisalueitaan ei-taloudellisissa investoinneissa? Onko olemassa jotain uniikkia suomalaista toimintatapaa tai erityispiirrettä ei-taloudellisille investoinneille?

Anomalous somatic embryos in Acca sellowiana (O. Berg) Burret (Myrtaceae)

Somatic embryogenesis represents a valuable tool for the studies on the basic aspects of plant embryo development. Today this process is used as a potencial technique for large-scale plant micropropagation although, so far, it has been applied to only a small number of species. However, when somatic embryos are malformed they are considered economically useless. In Acca sellowiana (O. Berg) Burret, an important fruit-producing crop, large amounts of anomalous somatic embryos (76.3%) were found just after 40 days of culture of explants in a 2,4-D containing medium. Among the anomalous forms found in the cotiledonary stage, 12.2% consisted of fused embryos, 40.4% displayed fused cotyledons, 13.0% presented supernumerary cotyledons, and 10.7% showed absence or poorly developed cotyledons, including those without the shoot apical meristem. Histological analyses indicated that the altered embryos were formed either directly from cotyledons, hypocotyl and radicle of the zygotic embryos used as explants, or indirectly from calli formed from these tissue parts. It is suggested that the formation of anomalous somatic embryos, as well as a low frequency of conversion into emblings reflect physiological and/or genetic disturbances triggered by the presence of 2,4-D in the medium. In vitro experimental alternative approaches are discussed in order to lessen the occurrence of malformed somatic embryos.