The role of commercial actors in snowboarding

Commercial actors play an essential role in the organisational structure of snowboarding by sponsoring athletes, arranging events, contributing to product development and developing long-term partnerships with other key actors. However, the particularities of their role in the alternative sports cultures which are related to brand marketing strategies have not been extensively researched. Based on Hitzler and Niederbachers (2010) framework of social scenes, Stegbauers (2008) social network and Adjouri and Stastnys (2006) branding theories, analysis is carried out using an ethnographic approach. This includes participant observation of relevant events and semi-structured interviews with over forty key actors of the sport to examine the roles and activities of core actors within snowboarding. The findings reveal that brands have gained an important position within the scene; where they can build partnerships with other core and periphery actors in order to market particularly identities, lifestyles and products. This contributes to the development of a sport which is dependent on brands for its continuity. By using promotional strategies of sponsoring athletes, organising events and feeding media with scene-related content, the aesthetical values of the snowboarding sport are communicated and transferred, while ensuring exposure of the brand’s image and lifestyle. Social contacts as well as knowledge on particularities of the sport allow the commercial actors to gain an influential position and identity within the snowboarding core culture. Keywords: commercial actors, alternative sport cultures, social networks, brands, snowboarding References Adjouri, N. & Stastny, P. (2006). Sport-Branding: Mit Sport-Sponsoring zum Markenerfolg. Wiesbaden: Gabler. Hitzler, R. & Niederbacher, A. (2010). Leben in Szenen: Formen juveniler Vergemeinschaftung heute. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften. Stegbauer, C. (2008). Netzwerkanalyse und Netzwerktheorie. Ein neues Paradigma in den Sozialwissenschaften. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften.

Spatial biases during mental arithmetic: evidence from eye movements on a blank screen

While the influence of spatial-numerical associations in number categorization tasks has been well established, their role in mental arithmetic is less clear. It has been hypothesized that mental addition leads to rightward and upward shifts of spatial attention (along the “mental number line”), whereas subtraction leads to leftward and downward shifts. We addressed this hypothesis by analyzing spontaneous eye movements during mental arithmetic. Participants solved verbally presented arithmetic problems (e.g., 2 + 7, 8–3) aloud while looking at a blank screen. We found that eye movements reflected spatial biases in the ongoing mental operation: Gaze position shifted more upward when participants solved addition compared to subtraction problems, and the horizontal gaze position was partly determined by the magnitude of the operands. Interestingly, the difference between addition and subtraction trials was driven by the operator (plus vs. minus) but was not influenced by the computational process. Thus, our results do not support the idea of a mental movement toward the solution during arithmetic but indicate a semantic association between operation and space.

Ms.Ff.F.Stoltze 3. 103 - Brief von Erna Guild an Lyda Stoltze

Stoltze: Totenmaske, Friedrich Schierholz

Assessing residents' readiness to screen for domestic violence: Utilizing the transtheoretical model - stages of change, decisional balance and self-efficacy

Domestic violence is a major public health problem, yet most physicians do not effectively identify patients at risk. Medical students and residents are not routinely educated on this topic and little is known about the factors that influence their decisions to include screening for domestic violence in their subsequent practice. In order to assess the readiness of primary care residents to screen all patients for domestic violence, this study utilized a survey incorporating constructs from the Transtheoretical Model, including Stages of Change, Decisional Balance (Pros and Cons) and Self-Efficacy. The survey was distributed to residents at the University of Texas Health Science Center Medical School in Houston in: Internal Medicine, Medicine/Pediatrics, Pediatrics, Family Medicine, and Obstetrics and Gynecology. Data from the survey was analyzed to test the hypothesis that residents in the earlier Stages of Change report more costs and fewer benefits with regards to screening for domestic violence, and that those in the later stages exhibit higher Self-Efficacy scores. The findings from this study were consistent with the model in that benefits to screening (Pros) and Self-Efficacy were correlated with later Stages of Change, however reporting fewer costs (Cons) was not. Very few residents were ready to screen all of their patients.^

Systematic review of interventions designed to reduce screen time in children and adolescents

This descriptive systematic review describes intervention trials for children and youth that targeted screen time (ST) as a way to prevent or control obesity and measured ST, and at least one of the following: physical activity, dietary intake, and adiposity. Both “hands-on” (e.g., video games) and “hands free” (e.g., television viewing) ST were included. Published, completed intervention trials (k=12), not-yet-published, completed trials (k=6), and in-progress trials (k=11) were identified through searches of electronic databases, including trial registries and bibliographies of eligible study reports. Study characteristics of the 29 identified trials were coded and presented in evidence tables. Considerable attention was paid to the type of ST addressed, measures used, and the type of interventions. Based on the number of in-progress and not-yet-published trials, the number of completed, published reports will double in the next three years. Most of the studies were funded by federal sources. General populations, not restricted by race, gender, or weight status, were targets of most interventions with children ages 9-12 yeas as the modal age group. Most trials used randomized control trials in which the majority of control or comparison group received an intervention. The mean number of participants was 242.8 (SD=314.7) and interventions were delivered over an average of 10.5 months and consisted of approximately 16 sessions, with a total time of about eight hours. The majority of completed trials evaluate each of the four constructs, however, most studies have more than one measure to assess each construct (e.g., BMI and tricep skinfold thickness to evaluate adiposity) and rarely did studies use the same measures. This is likely why the majority of studies produced at least one significant intervention effect on each outcome that was assessed. The four major outcomes should be evaluated in all interventions attempting to reduce screen time in order to determine the mechanisms involved that may contribute to obesity. More importantly researchers should work together to determine the best measures to evaluate the four main constructs to allow studies to be compared. Another area for consensus is the definition of ST. ^

An investigation into the relationship between screen time, consumption of advertised foods, and physical activity among Texas 4th grade elementary school children

Background. The high prevalence of obesity among children has spurred creation of a list of possible causative factors, including the advertising of foods of minimal nutritional value, a decrease in physical activity, and increased media use. Few studies show prevalence rates of these factors among large cohorts of children. ^ Methods. Using data from the 2004-2005 School Physical Activity and Nutrition project (SPAN), a secondary analysis of 7907 4th-grade children (mean age 9.74 years) was conducted. In addition, a comic-book–based intervention that addressed advertised food consumption, physical activity, and media use was developed and evaluated using a pre-post test design among 4th-grade children in an urban school district. ^ Results. Among a cohort of 4th-grade children across the state of Texas, children who had more than 2 hours of video game or computer time the previous day were more than twice as likely to drink soda and eat candy or pastries. In addition, children who watched more than 2 hours of TV the previous day were more than three times as likely to consume chips, punch, soda, candy, frozen desserts, or pastries (AOR 3.41, 95% CI: 1.58, 7.37). A comic-book based intervention held great promise and acceptance among 4th-grade children. Outcome evaluation showed that while results moved in a positive direction, they were not statistically significant. ^ Conclusion. Statistically significant associations were found between screen time and eating various types of advertised food. The comic book intervention was widely accepted by the children exposed to it, and pre-post surveys indicated they moved constructs in a positive direction. Further research is needed to look at more specific ways in which children are exposed to TV, and the relationship of the TV viewing time with their consumption of advertised foods. In addition, researchers should look at comic book interventions more closely and attempt to utilize them in more in studies with a longer follow-up time. ^

Trabajo e intercambio entre migrantes paraguayos en Rosario

En esta presentación proponemos indagar, desde un abordaje antropológico y cualitativo, la situación de los trabajadores de origen paraguayo del rubro de la construcción en el área urbana de la ciudad de Rosario (Santa Fe, Argentina). En primer lugar, consideraremos el estado del arte vigente y su relación con nuestro registro de campo, basado en un conjunto de entrevistas y observaciones, realizadas entre 2012 y 2013, entre migrantes paraguayos y algunos actores gremiales. Seguidamente, analizaremos este espacio laboral desde la perspectiva antropológica del intercambio, planteando una articulación entre lógicas de mercado y reciprocitaria. Concluiremos señalando las implicancias valorativas e identitarias que dicha dinámica presenta en la inscripción social y simbólica del colectivo migrante en el contexto de referencia.

Biología de la psychidosmicra Brethesi Blanchard : enemigo natural del "bicho del cesto" común, Oiketicus Kirbyi Guild

La finalidad de este trabajo fué determinar las especies parásitas e hiperparásitas del "bicho del cesto" común, Oiketicus Kirbyi Guild, en Mendoza, a fin de obtener supervivencia de la que se encuentra en mayor número e intensidad. Como resultado de estas investigaciones se comprobó que el calcídido Psychidosmicra Brethesi Blanchard constituye un eficáz enemigo específico del psíquico, llegándose a la conclusión que debe preservarse dicho material por el método de aislamiento en su época oportuna, permitiendo esto incrementar las poblaciones por dispersión artificial y atenuar la acción del factor hiperparasitismo.

Benito Pérez Galdós en el cine argentino : El abuelo salteño

En 1954 el director Román Viñoly Barreto adaptó la novela El abuelo (1897) del escritor español Benito Pérez Galdós al cine argentino. En dicho film el texto galdosiano se 'argentinizó' por medio de las actuaciones estelares de dos íconos del cine nacional de la época, Enrique Muiño y Mecha Ortiz, y en el manejo de los exteriores, el lenguaje, las costumbres y el folclore de la provincia de Salta. Por lo general en la película se sigue el argumento galdosiano, pero el aristócrata venido a menos del original, el Conde de Albrit, es convertido en un estanciero gaucho, D. Rodrigo de Achával, y el desenlace melodramático ocurre en medio de la fiesta del Señor y la Virgen del Milagro en Salta. El espíritu del film corresponde a la ideología conciliatoria peronista de la época

Benito Pérez Galdós en el cine argentino : El abuelo salteño

En 1954 el director Román Viñoly Barreto adaptó la novela El abuelo (1897) del escritor español Benito Pérez Galdós al cine argentino. En dicho film el texto galdosiano se 'argentinizó' por medio de las actuaciones estelares de dos íconos del cine nacional de la época, Enrique Muiño y Mecha Ortiz, y en el manejo de los exteriores, el lenguaje, las costumbres y el folclore de la provincia de Salta. Por lo general en la película se sigue el argumento galdosiano, pero el aristócrata venido a menos del original, el Conde de Albrit, es convertido en un estanciero gaucho, D. Rodrigo de Achával, y el desenlace melodramático ocurre en medio de la fiesta del Señor y la Virgen del Milagro en Salta. El espíritu del film corresponde a la ideología conciliatoria peronista de la época

Benito Pérez Galdós en el cine argentino : El abuelo salteño

En 1954 el director Román Viñoly Barreto adaptó la novela El abuelo (1897) del escritor español Benito Pérez Galdós al cine argentino. En dicho film el texto galdosiano se 'argentinizó' por medio de las actuaciones estelares de dos íconos del cine nacional de la época, Enrique Muiño y Mecha Ortiz, y en el manejo de los exteriores, el lenguaje, las costumbres y el folclore de la provincia de Salta. Por lo general en la película se sigue el argumento galdosiano, pero el aristócrata venido a menos del original, el Conde de Albrit, es convertido en un estanciero gaucho, D. Rodrigo de Achával, y el desenlace melodramático ocurre en medio de la fiesta del Señor y la Virgen del Milagro en Salta. El espíritu del film corresponde a la ideología conciliatoria peronista de la época

Post-decentralization regional economies and actors -- putting the capacity of Local governments to the test

Decentralization in Indonesia was introduced institutionally in 2001, with a democratization drive promoted by international donors and by the intention of the new government to clear away the centralistic image of Soeharto. Decentralization has had some effects on regional economies and on local government administration. Compared to the period before decentralization, the share of gross regional domestic product and local government finance has increased in Java, though investment and bank borrowing have expanded to the outer islands. In qualitative aspects, decentralization has transferred not only administrative authority but also many new vested interests from the center to regions. Local governments have become more extensive economic actors in regional economies. Regional economic actors now compete actively for such vested interests and have missed the opportunity to create market-friendly regional economies. The government sector should not be a mere rent-seeking economic actor, but should play a role as a facilitator promoting private sector activities in regional economies.