Myelodysplastic syndrome in childhood: report of two cases with deletion of chromosome 4 and the Philadelphia chromosome

We report two pediatric patients with unclassified myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) by the French-American-British (FAB) group. Both cases had clinical and hematological peculiarities, which had not been described yet. The cytogenetic alterations were 4q deletion and the Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome which appeared at different moments of the disease. One patient showed the Ph chromosome at disease transformation and the other at diagnosis. The different breakpoints at 4q and the presence of Ph could be a marker of this form of MDS. The association of clinical and hematological findings suggests the possibility of a new group of pediatric MDS. (C) 2002 Elsevier B.V. Ltd. All rights reserved.

Correlação entre a degradação in vitro e digestibilidade in vivo de feno de duas gramíneas tropicais

Realizou-se um estudo para comparar a técnica de degradação in vitro e digestibilidade in vivo, para a qual foram utilizados oito ovinos capões que receberam feno de capim-de-rhodes (Chloris gayana Kunt.) e capim-green panic (Panicum maximum Jacq. var. Trichoglume cv. Petrie),em quatro estágios de maturação. No estudo da digestibilidade in vivo não se verificaram diferenças significativas entre os diferentes coeficientes de digestibilidade dos alimentos. Para a degradação in vitro da fibra em detergente neutro com 24 a 48 horas, não houve diferenças significativas (P > 0,05) para os mesmos nutrientes. Determinaram-se as equações de regressão e os coeficientes de correlação. Os valores de r foram considerados de médios a elevados, e os erros padrões da estimativa, satisfatórios a elevados. O maior valor de correlação foi obtido entre a taxa de degradação relativa de 24 a 48 horas, e o teor de NDT das forragens (r= 0,84), com erro-padrão da estimativa satisfatório (Sy’x = 3,92).

In-vitro digestibility of the caged laying hen manure at different stocking times

In order to determine the in vitro digestibility of the dry matter, crude protein and gross energy of caged laying hen manure, an experiment was conducted at the Faculdade de Ciências Agrarias e Veterinarias, campus de Jaboticabal, using completely randomized design with four treatments and six replications. The treatments T1, T2, T3 and T4 consisted of manure stocked for 0, 7, 14 and 21-days, respectively. The in vitro digestibility mean values for T1, T2, T3 and T4 were, respectively, 49.25; 51.43; 49.60 and 46.27% for the dry matter, 60.20; 66.90; 59.40 and 49.21% for the crude protein and 57.30; 63.71; 61.17 and 54.50% for the gross energy. The digestibility regression equations for the dry matter, crude protein and gross energy were, respectively: Y = 49.37 + 0.44X - 0.028X2; Y - 60.77 + 1.23X - 0.086X2 and Y = 57.54 + 1.24X - 0.066X2 were Y = digestibility coefficients and X = stocking times.

The Brazilian pediatric myelodysplastic cooperative group strategies: are they relevant to improve educational approach and correct diagnosis?

Brazil is a wide country with huge contrasts. Its peculiarities can highlight environmental factors that could influence the frequencies of different cancers. The standard treatment and results achieved from several different areas of the country may not be found in others. The establishment of a national cooperative group has the potential to improve outcomes. The The Brazilian Cooperative Group on Pediatric Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndrome (BCG-MDS-PED) was first organized in January 1997 as a working group of hematologists, pediatric oncologists, pediatric-hematologists, molecular biologists and other professionals in order to study pediatric (age < 18 years) MDS. Six distinct subcommittees constituted with members from several universities: cytology, histopathology, clinical, cytogenetics, molecular biology and epidemiology. The goals of the BCG-MDS-PED were: (i) to offer support for diagnosis and orientation for treatment; (ii) educational Support for the colleagues all over the country and (iii) research on pathogenesis and new approaches for pediatric MDS patients. There are socio-economical differences among the five regions of the country. The BCG-MDS-PED believes that it is absolutely necessary to Study the clinical, cellular, molecular and epidemiological aspects of MDS, taking in account these peculiar differences among populations and regions. Since 1997, 114 pediatric cases were referred to the BCG-MDS-PED from 21 centres. Seven Brazilian states have sent cases to the group, 31 patients were referred from universities, 73 patients from pediatric oncology units (foundations) and 10 patients came from private clinics. Some of these patients have been followed up and/or treated by the physician who referred them to the BCG-MDS-PED for confirmation of the initial diagnosis. The majority of these physicians have required orientation on diagnostic and treatment issues, as well as to complete cytogenetic and molecular studies. From these 114 patients, 64 patients were confirmed as MDS. We believe that, the more numerous the MDS-studied cases, the more experienced will be the referee group on clinical and laboratory features on childhood MDS in Brazil. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier B.V. Ltd.

Treatment of pediatric myelodysplastic syndromes and juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia: the Brazilian experience in the past decade

Background: Therapy strategies for myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) vary considerably. Objective: To review the treatment of Brazilian children who were diagnosed with MDS or JMML in the past decade and reported to the Brazilian Cooperative Group on Pediatric Myelodysplastic syndromes (BCG-MDS-PED). Results: of 173 children reported to the BCG-MDS-PED from January 1997 to January 2003 with a suspected diagnosis of MDS or JMML, 91 had the diagnosis confirmed after central review of the bone marrow aspirate and biopsy. Information on previous treatments was available for 78 MDS/JMML patients. Treatment varied from different schedules of low-dose (14%) and standard-dose chemotherapy (50%), granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF 7%), interferon (5%), steroids (2%) and erythropoietin (2%) to allogeneic stem-cell transplantation (SCT) (14%). No survival advantage could be demonstrated based on Hasle's classification or based on treatment. Conclusion: This report reflects the current practice in treating Brazilian children with MDS/JMML without specific Cooperative Group guidelines. Treatment modalities were very heterogeneous. The strategies for implementing a national protocol should consider international guidelines and focus on local experience and available resources. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Composição bromatológica das dejeções de galinhas poedeiras sem e com bagaço de cana-de-açúcar hidrolisado, armazenado sobre o piso abaixo das gaiolas

The present work was developed in order to obtain data on bromatologic composition of caged hen manure (CHM) without and with hydrolised sugarcane bagasse (HSB) stocked during 10, 20 and 30 days on the ground under the cage. CHM as well as HSB remained under the cage for 10, 20 and 30 days. CHM Stocking for 30 days on the ground under the cage resulted in lower values of nutrients. The presence of HSB avoided loss of nutrients during the stocking period of CHM and preserved CHM accumulated under the cage.

Efeito do tempo de estocagem sobre a composição bromatológica das fezes de galinhas poedeiras

In this trial the bromatologic composition of caged laying hen manure was studied according to a completely randomized design with four treatments and six replications. The treatments T-1, T-2, T-3 and T-4 consisted of caged laying hen manure stocked for 0; 7; 14 and 21-day times, respectively. Stocking period until 21 days decreased crude protein (P<0.01) and gross energy (P<0.01). The best bromatologic composition of hen caged manure data were proportional to the lower stocking time.

Estádio de desenvolvimento do milho. 3. Avaliação de silagens por intermédio de parâmetros de fermentação ruminal

The objective of this experiment was to analyze the rumen fermentation of silages made from corn harvested at milk stage (MS), milk early dough stage (MEDS), medium dough stage (MDS) and semi-hard dough stage (SHDS). Rumen fluid was collected from sheep by esophageal tube at 0, 1, 3 and 6 hours after feeding. There were no differences among silages for ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and methylene blue reduction time (MBRT). Only the MS and SHDS silages differed in rumen pH (6.82 and 6.53, respectively). Differences in total rumen VFA and acetic acid concentrations (mmoles/L) were observed among stages, but not between MS (36.40 and 22.13) and MEDS (42.49 and 25.73), nor between MDS (64.52 and 40.34 respectively) and SHDS (64.09 and 43.61, respectively). The periods of 1 and 3 hours after feeding showed the smallest pH values (6.47 and 6.63), the highest NH3-N concentrations (9.75 and 10.56 mg/dL) and the highest concentrations of total VFA, and acetic and propionic acids (60.33, 37.05 and 16.73; 59.40, 35.28 and 16.84 mmoles/L, respectively). On the whole, the MDS and SHDS silages showed the best rumen fermentation patterns based on pH and total and individual VFA values.

Lattice constellations and codes from quadratic number fields

We propose new classes of linear codes over integer rings of quadratic extensions of Q, the field of rational numbers. The codes are considered with respect to a Mannheim metric, which is a Manhattan metric modulo a two-dimensional (2-D) grid. In particular, codes over Gaussian integers and Eisenstein-Jacobi integers are extensively studied. Decoding algorithms are proposed for these codes when up to two coordinates of a transmitted code vector are affected by errors of arbitrary Mannheim weight. Moreover, we show that the proposed codes are maximum-distance separable (MDS), with respect to the Hamming distance. The practical interest in such Mannheim-metric codes is their use in coded modulation schemes based on quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM)-type constellations, for which neither the Hamming nor the Lee metric is appropriate.

Mondialisation et développement: un regard de l'Amérique Latine et des Caraïbes

Inclut la bibliographie

La transformation productive 20 ans aprés: problémes anciens, nouvelles opportunités. Synthése

Incluye Bibliografía

On data-centric misbehavior detection in VANETs

Detecting misbehavior (such as transmissions of false information) in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) is a very important problem with wide range of implications, including safety related and congestion avoidance applications. We discuss several limitations of existing misbehavior detection schemes (MDS) designed for VANETs. Most MDS are concerned with detection of malicious nodes. In most situations, vehicles would send wrong information because of selfish reasons of their owners, e.g. for gaining access to a particular lane. It is therefore more important to detect false information than to identify misbehaving nodes. We introduce the concept of data-centric misbehavior detection and propose algorithms which detect false alert messages and misbehaving nodes by observing their actions after sending out the alert messages. With the data-centric MDS, each node can decide whether an information received is correct or false. The decision is based on the consistency of recent messages and new alerts with reported and estimated vehicle positions. No voting or majority decisions is needed, making our MDS resilient to Sybil attacks. After misbehavior is detected, we do not revoke all the secret credentials of misbehaving nodes, as done in most schemes. Instead, we impose fines on misbehaving nodes (administered by the certification authority), discouraging them to act selfishly. This reduces the computation and communication costs involved in revoking all the secret credentials of misbehaving nodes. © 2011 IEEE.

Motor intervention in children with school learning difficulties

This study sought to evaluate motor development in children aged 6 to 11 years with learning difficulties and school characteristics of delayed motor development, before and after application of a motor intervention program. The sample consisted of 28 children with a mean age of 107.21 ± 16.56 months, who were evaluated by the Motor Development Scale and received motor intervention for 6 months, followed by reassessment. We observed a statistically significant difference between the average of the motor activity ratios in all areas of the evaluation and reevaluation. Also verified in the evaluation were the concentration ratios of children with motor activity greater than or equal to 80 and there was a revaluation increase in this concentration on re-evaluation, the areas with the greatest increase in concentration and significant differences being: Body Schema, Space and temporal Organization. In the overall evaluation of MDS, most children presented the classification of low normal. However, in the reassessment most have evolved into the average normal, only 4 of themremaining in the same classification. Therefore, in this study, children with learning disabilities also showed motor deficits and the intervention applied contributed to an increase in the motor ratios with consequent improvement in motor development. Besides psychopedagogical asistance, it is essential to reassess them and if necessary apply the intervention in the motor development of children with learning difficulties.

Marcadores discursivos no processo de retextualizaçao de entrevistas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)