Organic heterostructure approach for multifunctional light-emitting field-effect transistors

The possibility of combining different functionalities in a single device is of great relevance for further development of organic electronics in integrated components and circuitry. Organic light-emitting transistors (OLETs) have been demonstrated to be able to combine in a single device the electrical switching functionality of a field-effect transistor and the capability of light generation. A novel strategy in OLET realization is the tri-layer vertical hetero-junction. This configuration is similar to the bi-layer except for the presence of a new middle layer between the two transport layers. This “recombination” layer presents high emission quantum efficiency and OLED-like (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) vertical bulk mobility value. The key idea of the vertical tri-layer hetero-junction approach in realizing OLETs is that each layer has to be optimized according to its specific function (charge transport, energy transfer, radiative exciton recombination). Clearly, matching the overall device characteristics with the functional properties of the single materials composing the active region of the OFET, is a great challenge that requires a deep investigation of the morphological, optical and electrical features of the system. As in the case of the bi-layer based OLETs, it is clear that the interfaces between the dielectric and the bottom transport layer and between the recombination and the top transport layer are crucial for guaranteeing good ambipolar field-effect electrical characteristics. Moreover interfaces between the bottom transport and the recombination layer and between the recombination and the top transport layer should provide the favourable conditions for the charge percolation to happen in the recombination layer and form excitons. Organic light emitting transistor based on the tri-layer approach with external quantum efficiency out-performing the OLED state of the art has been recently demonstrated [Capelli et al., Nat. Mater. 9 (2010) 496-503] widening the scientific and technological interest in this field of research.

Advanced SPM studies on the growth of ultrathin films of organic semiconductors at metal and dielectric interfaces

Many studies on the morphology, molecular orientation, device performance, substrate nature and growth parameter dependence have been carried out since the proposal of Sexithiophene (6T) for organic electronics [ ] However, these studies were mostly performed on films thicker than 20nm and without specifically addressing the relationship between morphology and molecular orientation within the nano and micro structures of ultrathin films of 0-3 monolayers. In 2004, the observation that in OFETs only the first few monolayers at the interface in contact with the gate insulator contribute to the charge transport [ ], underlined the importance to study submonolayer films and their evolution up to a few monolayers of thickness with appropriate experimental techniques. We present here a detailed Non-contact Atomic Force Microscopy and Scanning Tunneling Microscopy study on various substrates aiming at the investigation of growth mechanisms. Most reported similar studies are performed on ideal metals in UHV. However it is important to investigate the details of organic film growth on less ideal and even technological surfaces and device testpatterns. The present work addresses the growth of ultra thin organic films in-situ and quasi real-time by NC-AFM. An organic effusion cell is installed to evaporate the organic material directly onto the SPM sample scanning stage.

Gli Pteropodi e la loro diagenesi

Gli pteropodi sono molluschi marini planctonici diffusi globalmente a tutte le latitudini e hanno una storia geologica che abbraccia quasi tutto il Cenozoico. Rappresentano una parte consistente dello zooplancton marino e, un gruppo sistematico capace di estrarre una notevole quantità di carbonato di calcio dalle masse oceaniche. Da qui l’importanza che hanno ricevuto negli ultimi anni con gli studi sull’acidificazione e su come questa agisca sulle loro fragili conchiglie. Per questo motivo è importante conoscere anche i meccanismi eodiagenetici che possono permetterne o meno la conservazione nei fondali marini. L’analisi di un set mirato di campioni provenienti da profondità batiali del Mar Tirreno e del Mar Ionio fornisce alcuni elementi interessanti nell’ambito di questa tematica. L'analisi di dettaglio al microscopio ottico e a scansione sulla struttura dei gusci permette di individuare modificazioni microstrutturali imputabili a processi diagenetici precoci e l’utilizzo di materiale subfossile permette di escluderne una causa antropica.

L'apprendimento cooperativo nei processi di inclusione di studenti con DSA

La tesi vuole verificare se il metodo dell'apprendimento cooperativo può essere utilizzato per facilitare l'inclusione di studenti con DSA.