O ensino de geografia e a educação ambiental: um estudo de caso com resíduos sólidos urbanos em Bauru (SP)

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

Intervenções de saúde mental para dependentes de álcool e outras drogas: das políticas à prática cotidiana

Atualmente os principais serviços de tratamento para pessoas com problemas relacionados ao álcool e outras drogas seguem os princípios do Sistema Único de Saúde Brasileiro e são orientados pelas atuais políticas de saúde mental. Objetivou-se conhecer as intervenções previstas pelos documentos, observar estas intervenções no dia-a-dia e problematizar possíveis fragilidades destas práticas num destes serviços. Os parâmetros para análise foram a Política Nacional sobre Drogas, a Política do Ministério da Saúde para Atenção Integral dos Usuários de álcool e drogas e preconizações da Organização Mundial da Saúde com relação à prevenção e controle do uso abusivo de drogas. As técnicas metodológicas foram a análise documental e a observação-participante. Evidenciaram-se importantes avanços como: preconização de intersetorialidade, integralidade e ações focadas no ambiente social. Como fragilidade destaca-se certa dificuldade na consolidação das seguintes ações: busca ativa, atividades de lazer, trabalho e redução de danos.

Estado, política y petróleo : La historia política neuquina y el rol del petróleo en el modelo de provincia, 1958-1990

Nuestro objetivo no es concretar un estudio técnico-económico sobre el petróleo en Neuquén, ni tampoco la historia de las actividades productivas y/o energéticas de la provincia; en rigor, el intento se centra en debatir y aportar reflexiones sobre la definición energética de la provincia - proceso lento pero consistente - que se inicia desde que reviste el status de territorio nacional, desmitificando presupuestos vinculados al impacto del desarrollismo en materia petrolífera, sin que ello implique desconocer la incidencia de esa política nacional en el rubro.

Rupturas políticas y disputas de sentido en el movimiento estudiantil reformista : Un acercamiento a la relación entre universidad y política entre "dos intervenciones", 1955-1966

Este trabajo ha sido elaborado como una primera indagación sobre la relación entre Universidad y política entre 'dos intervenciones', la de 1955 y la de 1966, haciendo especial énfasis en un actor específico: el movimiento estudiantil reformista, sus conflictos y transformaciones en el período en cuestión. Tales cambios se pensaron a partir de dos dimensiones: respecto de los procesos más significativos de la coyuntura política nacional, y de las transformaciones propias de la vida universitaria y estudiantil. Teniendo en cuenta ambos aspectos, hemos delineado una periodización que nos permitió ubicar coyunturas específicas en las que tuvieron lugar cuestionamientos al reformismo como 'modelo de universidad' y desplazamientos en el mapa político estudiantil. Por otra parte, y para realizar un completo abordaje del tema, hemos reconstruido la trayectoria histórica del Reformismo, en tanto 'modelo de universidad' e identidad político-ideológica de amplios sectores de la juventud, desde sus orígenes en la Córdoba de 1918 hasta el año 1955, pasando por los 'traumas' que el peronismo va a significarle

Estado, política y petróleo : La historia política neuquina y el rol del petróleo en el modelo de provincia, 1958-1990

Nuestro objetivo no es concretar un estudio técnico-económico sobre el petróleo en Neuquén, ni tampoco la historia de las actividades productivas y/o energéticas de la provincia; en rigor, el intento se centra en debatir y aportar reflexiones sobre la definición energética de la provincia - proceso lento pero consistente - que se inicia desde que reviste el status de territorio nacional, desmitificando presupuestos vinculados al impacto del desarrollismo en materia petrolífera, sin que ello implique desconocer la incidencia de esa política nacional en el rubro.

Rupturas políticas y disputas de sentido en el movimiento estudiantil reformista : Un acercamiento a la relación entre universidad y política entre "dos intervenciones", 1955-1966

Este trabajo ha sido elaborado como una primera indagación sobre la relación entre Universidad y política entre 'dos intervenciones', la de 1955 y la de 1966, haciendo especial énfasis en un actor específico: el movimiento estudiantil reformista, sus conflictos y transformaciones en el período en cuestión. Tales cambios se pensaron a partir de dos dimensiones: respecto de los procesos más significativos de la coyuntura política nacional, y de las transformaciones propias de la vida universitaria y estudiantil. Teniendo en cuenta ambos aspectos, hemos delineado una periodización que nos permitió ubicar coyunturas específicas en las que tuvieron lugar cuestionamientos al reformismo como 'modelo de universidad' y desplazamientos en el mapa político estudiantil. Por otra parte, y para realizar un completo abordaje del tema, hemos reconstruido la trayectoria histórica del Reformismo, en tanto 'modelo de universidad' e identidad político-ideológica de amplios sectores de la juventud, desde sus orígenes en la Córdoba de 1918 hasta el año 1955, pasando por los 'traumas' que el peronismo va a significarle

Estado, política y petróleo : La historia política neuquina y el rol del petróleo en el modelo de provincia, 1958-1990

Nuestro objetivo no es concretar un estudio técnico-económico sobre el petróleo en Neuquén, ni tampoco la historia de las actividades productivas y/o energéticas de la provincia; en rigor, el intento se centra en debatir y aportar reflexiones sobre la definición energética de la provincia - proceso lento pero consistente - que se inicia desde que reviste el status de territorio nacional, desmitificando presupuestos vinculados al impacto del desarrollismo en materia petrolífera, sin que ello implique desconocer la incidencia de esa política nacional en el rubro.

Gestão pública de resíduos sólidos urbanos na região do grande ABC

Este artigo traz os resultados de uma pesquisa descritiva realizada na Região do Grande ABC, e ele se justifica em virtude da responsabilidade do poder público no tocante à gestão dos Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos (RSU), especialmente a partir da Lei nº 12.305/2010, a Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos. Objetivou-se descrever e comparar as práticas de gestão dos RSU adotadas pelas sete prefeituras dos municípios que integram a região. Foram realizadas 17 entrevistas com pessoas do poder público e cooperativas envolvidas com a gestão dos resíduos. Os dados foram analisados por análise de conteúdo. Concluímos que a coleta seletiva caminha a passos lentos na maioria dos municípios, no tocante à implementação e institucionalização. Os representantes das cooperativas manifestaram que a dependência do poder público e a mudança de governos interferem diretamente no desempenho da coleta seletiva, pois precisam se adequar a cada troca de governo, podendo provocar descontinuidades ou paralisações.

Construção e evidências de validação de instrumentos de pesquisa para avaliação da assistência nos centros de atenção psicossocial

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Programa Nacional de Incentivo à Leitura - PROLER: avaliação da implementação pelo Comitê Potiguar

The National Reading Incentive Program (PROLER) is a national initiative to promote and encourage reading throughout the country, linked to the National Library Foundation (FBN) of the Ministry of Culture (MinC). This research aims to assess the PROLER’s implementation process in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, from the actions of their local committee. The framework is based on contextualize the policies that seek to encourage the book and reading, as well as the processes of implementation and evaluation of public policies. The research is understood as a qualitative descriptive-exploratory study, comprising a single case study. Makes use of semi-structured interview as a tool for data collection, which was attended by 8 members of Potiguar Committee as respondents. The techniques of bibliographical and documentary analysis were used for the analysis and discussion of data obtained from surveys and documents on PROLER; as to the content of the interviews, the technique used was the analysis of conversations. As for the results, the existence of four barriers to program implementation in the state that are worth mentioning is observed: a) the political-administrative discontinuity; b) the limited resources and few partnerships; c) the management of school libraries and absence from the post of librarian in the state and; d) the absence of a process or assessment tool able to evaluate the results or the impacts of actions taken by the Potiguar Committee. It was noticed that these limiting four come PROLER making the implementation of the Rio Grande do Norte a process that, although complying with the national regulations of teacher training and follow school libraries and their needs, not flawed to develop assessments that can measure program impacts, making the feedback process of ineffective policy. Another observation of this study is seen in the fact that the Committee did not get enough to supply their shares resources, as well as not being able to articulate new partnerships, thus contributing negatively to the scope of the program form and, consequently, for the effectiveness of their actions. Has even mentioning the fact that the Committee do nothing regarding the mismanagement of the libraries that are in their care, ie, do not use the power of coercion as guaranteed by the National Policy on Reading and federal laws that treat the school library, and is therefore ineffective in relation to compliance with the program guidelines

A preceptoria na estratégia saúde da família: o olhar dos profissionais de saúde

The proposal of teaching-service integration from work experience brings a challenge to the professionals involved in health services: to combine their healthcare practice to the preparation of new professionals in accordance with the national health model. In Recife, the assistance network is known as school network, since it provides all its health equipment for Higher Education Institutions, in special for professionals who work as preceptors, making this activity an important component of the services network. The objective of the present study was to analyze preceptorship experience herein Multidisciplinary Residences in Health in the look of health professionals. This is a qualitative descriptive study, involving physicians, dentists, and nurses that have worked as preceptors for at least two years in multidisciplinary residency linked to two Higher Education Institutions. A semistructured interview was used as research instrument and data were processed by using the software Alceste 4.9. Results indicated four semantic classes which were divided into two axis. Axis 1, composed of class 4, and Axis 2, composed of classes 3, 2 and 1. Categorization considered the relation between classes. It was observed that in class 4 work overload is a dilemma for professional participation in preceptorship. This is noted by the words manage, time, patient, give, and complicated. However, it is also observed that the preceptorship involves positive learning and teaching actions, reinforced by the words say, explain, and discuss. Class 2 shows the preceptorship as an experience exchange, a positive moment that provides theoretical upgrade to the preceptor, associated to the professional practices performed by the binominal preceptor-student in health services and communities. In this perspective, everyone is benefited since preceptorship is structured according to dynamic aspects of knowledge, experienced in settings permeated by people´s health necessities. In class 3, potentialities of this practice are shown, and personal compromise is the main reason of acting as a preceptor in this network of education/attention, demonstrated in the words reason, formation, to like and professionals. Last, but not the least, class 1 suggests the importance of preceptorship and one of the strategies to create the National Politics of Humanization, from the teachingservice-community integration, observed in the words: arrives, university, fundamental, manner, partnership, service, and student. Besides, it rates perspectives and challenges for the improvement of the preceptorship in health services. Integrating teaching and service can enhance the proposals of changes concerning the healthcare model practiced in services, but this relation is still superficial. The preceptor is an actor in action, playing real life roles, and that is when he becomes essential to seek training with the profile defended in the proposed training of a professional who is capable of learning to learn

A reforma psiquiátrica e a política de saúde mental do Rio Grande do Norte: papéis e funções de profissionais e gestores

This study arose from an interest in knowing the reality of mental health care in Rio Grande do Norte (RN) on the advances and challenges in the intersectoral agreements paths and consolidation of the Psychosocial Care Network (RAPS) from the state. Considering problematic and concerns were defined as objectives: Identify the knowledge of managers of Rio Grande do Norte on the National Mental Health Policy (PNSM) in the RN State; Describe the activities developed by health professionals in the individual service offered in the CAPS from RN; Understanding the relationship of managers’ knowledge on national mental health policy in professionals’ practice working in the the CAPS from the countryside. It is a descriptive study with a quantitative and qualitative approach, carried out in 30 CAPS from RN’s countryside, where 183 professionals answered a structured questionnaire with closed questions about the activities they do in individual care; and 19 mental health coordinators of municipalities and the state coordinator of RAPS were interviewed about their knowledge on the Mental Health Policy. Data were collected after approval by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, with the number 508.430 CAAE: 25851913.7.0000.5537 from August through October of 2014 in 26 municipalities with CAPS from the state. Quantitative data were tabulated and analyzed using a descriptive statistics aided by the software Statistical Package for the Social Scienses (SPSS) version 20.0. The qualitative data were prepared in a corpus and analyzed through software Analyse Lexicale par Contexte d’um Ensemble de Segments de Texte (ALCESTE) that allow to perform textual statistical analysis and categorization from their comments, submitted to Bardin content analysis. Five categories were generated approaching the managers’ knowledge, namely: Back to society: leadership and users’ role and autonomy; The gap between policy and practice; Barriers that affect the service; Structuring the Psychosocial Care Network; Multidisciplinary team: attribuitios and activities. The CAPS professionals’ ages ranged from 20 to 58 years, prevailing females, with 76.5% of the total, the majority were social workers (16.8%), psychologists (15.3%), nurses (14.8%) and nursing technicians (14.8%). The results showed precariousness in care associated with physical workload regard to high workload and low wages of the CAPS professionals' and, also, it was possible to observe a large involvement of professionals in care delivery, despite the difficulties encountered in services. It was found little knowledge in managers regarding the National Mental Health Policy having as causes of this reality the poor education and training of these professionals. The responses of professionals working in care reveals strong consistency with what is expected of a psychosocial care service. Points up as a thesis of this study that the psychiatric reform and mental health policy in Rio Grande do Norte is following a structural expansion process, but with precariousness of services from a still unprepared management to act in a psychosocial context.

A economia solidária sob a perspectiva do desenvolvimento endógeno: o caso da cooperativa de coleta seletiva e reciclagem amigos do planeta - Lauro de Freitas/BA (2004/2013)

In recent decades, the collective leadership of the Solidary Economical Enterprises (ESS) that are active in providing collection and recycling services, has been presented as a proposal for the organization of urban space with the creation of new enterprises and solidarity production chains. Are activities that have gained a new stimulus to the creation of the National Secretariat of Solidarity Economy and the National Policy on Solid Waste that assigned a leading role in these social actors. These experiences contribute to building a participatory development path, resembling with the pluralistic perspective of development of the Indian economist Amartya Sen, that goes beyond the simplistic design of the increased income, focusing on the process of expanding freedoms that people enjoy. The aim of this work is to situate the perspective of endogenous development with the Collection Services segment and Material Recycling in the field of Solidarity Economy, through the analysis of the experience of the Cooperative of Selective Collection and Recycling Friends of the planet, located in the municipality of Lauro to Freitas - BA, from 2004 to 2013. for this the following procedures were adopted: analysis of the main contributions of the international literature on the phenomenon of pluriactivity; review of national literature that analyzes the emergence and evolution of the projects of solidarity economy in Brazil; bibliographical and documentary research; and socio-economic evaluation of the EES. The guiding problem of this work, understandably, is: what is the meaning of endogenous perspective with the Materials Collection and Recycling Services segment in the field of Solidarity Economy? It starts with the hypothesis that the development of these practices requires an environment that removes the main sources of deprivation involving the conditions of existence of these enterprises. The results show that not enough development to be built with the participation of social actors, but there are minimally necessary conditions for such experiences can take hold in order to achieve their goals. Thus, not only is it a strictly economic issue, but requires political actions for a process of social transformation.

A atenção à crise e o apoio matricial: analisadores da estratégia atenção psicossocial

The National Policy on Mental Health is characterized as a territorial - political community , and it has the Psychoso cial Care Strategy (Eaps) as guideline for the proposal and the development of their actions. In its design, CAPS is idealized to be a strategic equipment within the Psychoso cial Care Network/RAPS. Matricial support and at tention to the crisis constitute strategic areas of action of CAPS in its replacement mission , and as it is g uided by the scope of deinstitutionalization, those are essential to the success of these services. We argue that sustain crises in existential territories of life is a condition for the effectiveness of psychosocial care and, ultimately, to the sustainability of its Reform. In this direction, the matricial support tool reveals a territorial supporter, intercessory and powerful in building a psychosocial care to the crisis. Recognized as one of the major challenges by the Brazilian Ministry of Health, forward these fronts materializes for workers in their mi cropolitical crafts. Our research arises as an investment toward empower them , and aimed to understand the operationalization of attention to the crisis and matricial support in a CAPS II, in the view of its workers . Besides, it aims to examine such practi ces forward the principles and purposes of Psychosocial Care Strategy. Inspired by the research - intervention and by the political and social ideas of Institutiona l Analysis, we offer a space for reflection and exchange, by implicational interviews , enablin g workers to launch them in analysis of practices in the EAPs view. We have done a documentary consulting CAPS Technical Project, and a return stage to the institution, by organizing workshop and conversation groups with CAPS workers. The results have show n that there are institutional logics in competition on that service. When operating the logic risk, some difficulties in sustaining most intense crisis situations were identified, the psychiatric hospital internment is used as a facility, particularly in view of some cases, in which the aggressiveness of the person in crises becomes aggressive, and when the brackets SAMU, the CAPS III and Comprehensive Care Beds do not respond satisfactorily to their users requests. Order weaknesses were indicated in this thesis as macropolitical and micropolitical interfering in network support. The matricial actions were identified as a powerful intercessor resource in crisis care appeared weakened, and indicates little porosity in the relationship between the Service and the territory where it takes place. Noticed by the logic of home care, without operate primarily as a knowledge exchange device, we saw capture points in the logic of assistance with ambulatoriza tion production of CAPS, welfare practices and "ext empore " . T he E APs , although it emerge s as a guiding, it is not seen to workers as effective practice. On the one hand, the results signaled that the attention to the crisis and the matricial actions are developed without tenacious connection with the purposes of EA Ps, on the other hand, successful cases were indicated with the main leads to conducting wire of intersectoral actions to the powerful bonds and to the participation of user in their care process es , indicating insurgent forces tha t intend by traditional lo gic .

As ações em saúde mental nos Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família - NASF

The National Police for Basic Care (PNAB), regulated by ordinance nº2488 from October 2011, restates the Family Health Strategy (ESF) as a priority to the expansion, consolidation and qualification of basic attention to health matters in Brazil. In order to bring it about, city counsellors along with other federal entities ought to ordinate their work process deepening principals, directions and fundaments of Basic Care (AB). Besides ESF, the new PNAB expatiates on the Family Health Support Centres (NASF), reaffirming their role on broadening the scope of basic care actions and their improvements, ratifying their ability to share knowledge and support Basic Care professionals. All this considered, the purpose of this work is to investigate how NASF is currently structured in João Pessoa and what has been achieved by it on what concerns to mental health. Its main objectives are to analyse the practices of mental health professionals that are part of NASF teams and if they differ from what has been developed by the other members of the teams; to discuss the articulation of NASF in managing mental health measures on what concerns to internal organisatio n and to the city health network; to identify strategies used to organise such measures on mental health in Basic Care. To reach such goals, individual interviews have taken place two city health managers and four of NASF professionals that participated on the Mental Health Office as representatives of their sanitary districts. Also a focal group formed by various supporters of NASF was created, contemplating the diversity of professional categories involved with the teams and sanitary districts. It was possible to identify in NASF, in João Pessoa, an organisation based by the matrix support in which both management and basic care demands reflect a series of actions developed alongside with ESF. Amongst such actions, matrixing, home visits and the Singular Therapeutic Project (PTS) stand out. These activities have been discussed on the focal group and integrate the daily work of all NASF supporters despite their professional categories. NASF presents itself as a powerful strategy to SUS proper qualification and support to strengthen Basic Care and broaden family health teams‟actions.