Percepção dos usuários nos espaços públicos: avaliação pós-ocupação em três praças de Natal-RN

The research investigates the acting and the importance for the users of the public squares located predominantly in residential areas. It presents the results of the posoccupation evaluations accomplished in three squares, whose physical, environmental characteristics, equipments and fumitures are different in its qualities and amounts, taking in consideration aspects related to the users' physical and psychological comfort and of the inhabitants of the I spill. The collection of data involved physical risings and of files, observations behavious, application of questionnaires and interviews, analyzed qualitative as quantitatively so much for a larger precision and validity of the investigation. The results were obtained through the relationship among the users' perception the environmental attributes and the different levels of apropriation/use of the studied places. They indicate that the aspects composicionais of physical order of the space affects the type and the intensity of use of the squares intimately, contributing positive or negatively for its valor. It is evidenced like this, that the low freqüentation of the public squares of Natal, is due mainly to referring aspects to the physical quality and the amount of the fumitures and urban equipments. It is ended that the investments and the physical planning of these public spaces should be based in the real knowledge of the aspirations of the population objective, in way to allow its largest use and valor

A rehabilitation intervention to promote physical recovery following intensive care: a detailed description of construct development, rationale and content together with proposed taxonomy to capture processes in a randomised controlled trial.

Background: increasing numbers of patients are surviving critical illness, but survival may be associated with a constellation of physical and psychological sequelae that can cause on going disability and reduced health-related quality of life. Limited evidence currently exists to guide the optimum structure, timing, and content of rehabilitation programmes. There is a need to both develop and evaluate interventions to support and expedite recovery during the post-ICU discharge period. This paper describes the construct development for a complex rehabilitation intervention intended to promote physical recovery following critical illness. The intervention is currently being evaluated in a randomised trial (ISRCTN09412438; funder Chief Scientists Office, Scotland). Methods: the intervention was developed using the Medical Research Council (MRC) framework for developing complex healthcare interventions. We ensured representation from a wide variety of stakeholders including content experts from multiple specialties, methodologists, and patient representation. The intervention construct was initially based on literature review, local observational and audit work, qualitative studies with ICU survivors, and brainstorming activities. Iterative refinement was aided by the publication of a National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guideline (No. 83), publicly available patient stories (Healthtalkonline), a stakeholder event in collaboration with the James Lind Alliance, and local piloting. Modelling and further work involved a feasibility trial and development of a novel generic rehabilitation assistant (GRA) role. Several rounds of external peer review during successive funding applications also contributed to development. Results: the final construct for the complex intervention involved a dedicated GRA trained to pre-defined competencies across multiple rehabilitation domains (physiotherapy, dietetics, occupational therapy, and speech/language therapy), with specific training in post-critical illness issues. The intervention was from ICU discharge to 3 months post-discharge, including inpatient and post-hospital discharge elements. Clear strategies to provide information to patients/families were included. A detailed taxonomy was developed to define and describe the processes undertaken, and capture them during the trial. The detailed process measure description, together with a range of patient, health service, and economic outcomes were successfully mapped on to the modified CONSORT recommendations for reporting non-pharmacologic trial interventions. Conclusions: the MRC complex intervention framework was an effective guide to developing a novel post-ICU rehabilitation intervention. Combining a clearly defined new healthcare role with a detailed taxonomy of process and activity enabled the intervention to be clearly described for the purpose of trial delivery and reporting. These data will be useful when interpreting the results of the randomised trial, will increase internal and external trial validity, and help others implement the intervention if the intervention proves clinically and cost effective.

A tecnologia no ensino da interpretação

Tese de Mestrado em Tradução e Interpretação Especializadas Área Científica de Línguas e Culturas

Percepção dos usuários nos espaços públicos: avaliação pós-ocupação em três praças de Natal-RN

The research investigates the acting and the importance for the users of the public squares located predominantly in residential areas. It presents the results of the posoccupation evaluations accomplished in three squares, whose physical, environmental characteristics, equipments and fumitures are different in its qualities and amounts, taking in consideration aspects related to the users' physical and psychological comfort and of the inhabitants of the I spill. The collection of data involved physical risings and of files, observations behavious, application of questionnaires and interviews, analyzed qualitative as quantitatively so much for a larger precision and validity of the investigation. The results were obtained through the relationship among the users' perception the environmental attributes and the different levels of apropriation/use of the studied places. They indicate that the aspects composicionais of physical order of the space affects the type and the intensity of use of the squares intimately, contributing positive or negatively for its valor. It is evidenced like this, that the low freqüentation of the public squares of Natal, is due mainly to referring aspects to the physical quality and the amount of the fumitures and urban equipments. It is ended that the investments and the physical planning of these public spaces should be based in the real knowledge of the aspirations of the population objective, in way to allow its largest use and valor

Protect your body, your temple : Benefits of Physical Activity

These bookmarks state: African-Americans are less likely to exercise than Caucasians. In S.C., 1 in 3 African-Americans has high blood pressure and 1 in 3 has high cholesterol. This causes an increase in death rates from heart disease and stroke. Regular physical activity can help to: prevent heart disease and prevent high blood pressure.

Actividad física, imagen corporal y condiciones de vida. Un abordaje teórico desde los determinantes y la determinación social de la salud

El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la construcción social del conocimiento en Actividad física desde dos planteamientos teóricos de la salud centrando el análisis en la relación con la imagen corporal y las condiciones de vida. Se trata de un estudio teórico desde el análisis de contenido de corte narrativo de 98 artículos desarrollado en cinco etapas a través de: rastreo de documentos en bases de datos en el periodo 2000-2014, revisión de artículos, y análisis y hallazgos de significados, sentidos o contenidos. Como hallazgo importante se puede mencionar que en la literatura científica relacionada con la triada Actividad física-imagen corporal-condiciones de vida predomina la construcción del conocimiento a partir de modelos hegemónicos y dominantes que priorizan la intensidad, la frecuencia y el tiempo dedicado a la AF, la estandarización en la comparación de la apariencia física y la medición de elementos materiales en el modo de vivir de las personas, principalmente desde el abordaje de los determinantes sociales de la salud. Se concluye que es necesario revisar las poblaciones que incluyendo en los estudios al estar concentrados el conocimiento en solo unos grupos; así como se hace explícita la necesidad de revisar cuales son los aportes de la Educación Física y otras disciplinas (ciencias sociales) para una mayor comprensión teórica y práctica de la AF.

Cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiometabolic risk factors in schoolchildren from Colombia: The FUPRECOL Study

The objectives of this study are to investigate the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiovascular risk factors in schoolchildren and to evaluate the degree of association between overall and abdominal adiposity and cardiorespiratory fitness. A total of 1,875 children and adolescents attending public schools in Bogota, Colombia (56.2% girls; age range of 9–17.9 years). A cardiovascular risk score (Z-score) was calculated and participants were divided into tertiles according to low and high levels of overall (sum of the skinfold thicknesses) and abdominal adiposity. Schoolchildren with a high level of overall adiposity demonstrated significant differences in seven of the 10 variables analyzed (i.e. systolic and diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, triglycerides/HDL-c ratio, total cholesterol, glucose and cardiovascular risk score). Schoolchildren with high levels of both overall and abdominal adiposity and low cardiorespiratory fitness had the least favorable cardiovascular risk factors score. These findings may be relevant to health promotion in Colombian youth.

Percentiles de la prueba de carrera de ida y vuelta 4x10 m en escolares de 9 a 17 años de Bogotá, Colombia: Estudio FUPRECOL

Objetivo: Este estudio describe los percentiles de la prueba de carrera de ida y vuelta 4 x 10 m en escolares de 9 a 17 años, de Bogotá, Colombia, pertenecientes al estudio Asociación de la fuerza prensil con manifestaciones tempranas de riesgo cardiovascular en niños colombianos. “FUPRECOL” Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal, en 2502 varones (42.7%) y 3349 mujeres (57,2%), de edades entre 9 y 17 años, pertenecientes a 24 instituciones educativas del sector oficial, en Bogotá, Colombia. La velocidad/agilidad se evaluó con la prueba de carrera de ida y vuelta 4 x 10 m (componente motor de la batería Fuprecol). Se calcularon los percentiles (P3, P10, P25, P50, P75, P90 y P97) y curvas centiles por el método LMS, según el sexo y la edad; y se realizó una comparación entre los valores de la velocidad-agilidad observados con estudios internacionales. Resultados: La edad promedio de los participantes fue 12,7 (DE 2,4) años. Al comparar por sexos, los varones presentan un mejor rendimiento en la prueba de carrera 4 x 10 m que las mujeres. En varones, el P50 osciló entre 11,9 segundos y 13,1 segundos, mientras que en mujeres el P50 osciló entre 14,3 segundos y 15,0 segundos. Al comparar los resultados de este estudio por grupos de edades y sexos, con trabajos internacionales, el P50 fue mayor al reportado en los trabajos de España, Portugal y el estudio HELENA realizado en 9 países europeos. Esta misma tendencia fue observada al comparar la media y la desviación estándar con escolares de Argentina, Francia y el mismo estudio HELENA. Conclusiones: Se registran percentiles de la prueba de carrera de ida y vuelta 4 x 10 m en función de las edades y el sexo. Estos valores pueden ser utilizados tanto para evaluar los niveles de aptitud de los estudiantes como para detectar a estudiantes cuyos niveles de condición física están por debajo de un mínimo saludable.

Validity and reliability of the international fItness scale (IFIS) in a population-based sample of schoolchildren in Bogota, Colombia: The FUPRECOL study

The International FItness Scale (IFIS) is a self-reported measure of physical fitness that could easily. This scale has been validated in children, adolescents, and young adults; however, it is unknown whether the IFIS represents a valid and reliable estimate of physical fitness in Latino-American youth population. In the present study we aimed to examine the validity and reliability of the IFIS on a population-based sample of schoolchildren in Bogota, Colombia. Participants were 1,875 Colombian youth (56.2% girls) aged 9 to 17.9 years old. We measured adiposity markers (body fat, waist-to-height ratio, skinfold thicknesses and BMI), blood pressure, lipids profile, fasting glucose, and physical fitness level (self reported and measured). Also, a validated cardiometabolic risk index was used. An age- and sex-matched sample of 229 Schoolchildren originally not included in the study sample fulfilled IFIS twice for reliability purposes. Our data suggest that both measured and self-reported overall fitness were associated inversely with adiposity indicators and a cardiometabolic risk score. Overall, schoolchildren who self-reported “good” and “very good” fitness had better measured fitness than those who reported “very poor” and “poor” fitness (all p<0.001). Test–retest reliability of IFIS items was also good, with an average weighted Kappa of 0.811. Therefore, our findings suggest that self-reported fitness, as assessed by IFIS, is a valid, reliable, and health-related measure, and it can be a good alternative for future use in large studies with Latin-schoolchildren from Colombia.

Propiedades psicométricas de los instrumentos para la medición de la actividad física en adultos con discapacidad física relacionada con lesión de médula espinal: una revisión sistemática

Objetivo: Evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de los instrumentos para la medición de la actividad física en adultos de 18-65 años con discapacidad física por lesión de médula espinal. Materiales y métodos: Revisión sistemática. Las bases de datos de Medline, Scopus, Web of Science y 19 revistas especializadas fueron consultadas durante once días entre abril de 2015 y febrero de 2016 para identificar estudios originales de validación, sin límite de tiempo y que estuvieran publicados en español, francés y/o inglés. La calidad metodológica de los instrumentos de medición se evaluó usando las diferentes cajas de propiedades de la lista COSMIN. Resultados: Se identificaron 9229 referencias, de las cuales sólo 12 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión, dando como resultado 13 instrumentos de medición. Se evaluaron seis propiedades psicométricas. La propiedad más común fue la confiabilidad, además se observó que la calidad metodológica de los estudios incluidos no representa los resultados de las propiedades psicométricas de los instrumentos de medición. La calidad metodológica de los instrumentos para la evaluación de la actividad física en población con lesión medular espinal es “baja” para propiedades como consistencia interna, error de medición, sensibilidad, validez de criterio (con excepción del WISCI II que tiene buena validez) y excelente para validez de contenido y fiabilidad. Conclusión: Se ha encontrado que instrumentos empleados hasta el presente en la medición de la actividad física en población con discapacidad física relacionada con lesión de médula espinal han sido creados para otros tipos de discapacidad y otros instrumentos deben ser validados en futuros estudios.

Per conoscere il teatro delle persone con disabilita visive: documenti, studi, sperimentazioni, laboratori, interviste.

Attraverso questa tesi, si intente centrare l'attenzione del mondo accademico e di quello teatrale sugli apporti delle pratiche performative al posizionamento sociale e la qualità della vita delle persone cieche e ipovedenti. Questa tesi tenta di fornire strumenti che avvicinino le persone con disabilità visive alla pratica delle attività teatrali basate su teorie scientifiche. Innanzitutto, a questo fine, ho reperito, sintetizzato e messo in reciproca relazione contributi di taglio psicologico, fisiologico e sociologico. Da questo lavoro esplorativo è risultato un quadro compressivo delle condizioni psicofisiche delle persone con disabilità visive. I loro aspetti psicologici presentano disturbi depressivi, ansie, problematiche circa la concezione di sé e l’autostima, rischi di suicidio, mentre quelli fisici includono stabilità posturale, coordinamento bilaterale e diverse forme di attività. A questi elementi vanno inoltre associati controllo dell'espressione, socialità e memoria. Combinando questi insiemi di caratteristiche alle possibilità e alle dinamiche del laboratorio teatrale, si sono quindi elaborate, progettate e sperimentate diverse serie di esercizi teatrali per non vedenti e ipovedenti. Tuttavia, a causa degli impedimenti oggettivi causati dalla pandemia del Covid, questa parte sperimentale della ricerca è in gran parte restata allo stato embrionale. Infine, sono stati documentati con descrizioni e interviste due laboratori teatrali per non vedenti rappresentativi della realtà italiana. A questi ho aggiunto riferimenti su iniziative e istituzioni di carattere teatrale: New Life, Teatro Ciego, XINMU Laboratorio teatrale, EXTANT, Theater Breaking, CRE Outreach. Si spera che, attraverso questo ricerca, non solo le persone con disabilità visive si famigliarizzino con le risorse offerte dalle pratiche formative, ma anche gli studiosi interessati possano sinteticamente accedere ad una complessiva e preliminare delle attività teatrali per i non vedenti, contribuendo, così, allo sviluppo sistematico della ricerca in questo campo.

Questionário de qualidade de vida na epilepsia: resultados preliminares

Seizures happen for brief periods of time, but the feelings of anxiety and helplessness, adaptation to the restrictions impose by the life-style and variety of other problems affect more the quality of life in epilepsy. This study proposes a protocol that regards the objectives of a quality of life assessment in health and is applied to a population that attends a university hospital. It contains 65 items and assesses the psychosocial performance, physical limitation, cognitive aspects, perception of control, self-concept, as well as perception of health and quality of life. The results of reliability and validity are discussed.

Estudo dos efeitos de temporada de treinamento físico sobre a Performance de uma equipe de handebol feminino sub-21

Handball is a sport that demands endurance associated with fast and powerful actions such as jumps, blocks, sprints and throws. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a 38-week systematic physical training applied to a women's under 21 handball team on upper and lower limb power, 30m sprints speed and endurance. The periodization applied was an adaptation of the Verkhoshansky theory, and aimed at two performance peaks during the season with six data collections. The median and range values for three kg medicine ball throwing was: 2.98m (2.15-3.50); 2.84m (2.43-3.20); 2.90m (2.60-3.38); 3.10 (2.83-3.81); 2.84 (2.55-3.57) and 3.34 (2.93-3.83). Regarding the three-pass running test: 5.60m (4.93-6.58); 5.37m (5.04-6.38); 5.36m (4.93-6.12); 5.65m (4.80-6.78); 5.63m (5.00-6.40) and 5.83m (5.14-6.05). Regarding the 30-m sprint test: 5.8m/s (5.45-6.44); 6,64 m/s (6,24-7,09); 5.65m/s (5.17-5.95); (there was not IV moment for this test); 6.19 m/s (5.57-6.26) and 5.83 (5.14-6.05).Regarding the 30-m sprint endurance test until 10% decrease: 4 sprints (4-6); 5 sprints (4-9); 4,5 sprints (4-16); (there was not IV moment for this test); 6 sprints (4-12) and 5 sprints (4-5). Significant differences (p<0.05) were observed in three kg medicine ball throwing and three-pass running tests at least in one of the performance peak planned, with no significant differences in 30-m sprint speed or endurance tests. The applied physical training was efficient at improving the specific physical fitness in the performance peaks, as well as giving support for better physical training adjustment for the upcoming season.

Efeito de 13 semanas de treinamento físico militar sobre a composição corporal e o desempenho físico dos alunos da escola preparatória de cadetes do exército

INTRODUCTION: Armies from all over the world acknowledge the importance of good physical fitness for the performance of military duties. The Military Exercise Training (MET) attempts to provide assistance to this search for better physical fitness and performance. OBJECTIVE: To verifying the effect on the body composition and physical performance of the students at ESPCEX (Military School for Preparation of Army Cadets) after 13 weeks of MET. METHODS: The sample was formed by 287 male students from the ESPCEX, whose average age was 18.33 ±1.26. Such students accomplished a boarding school routine, having defined schedules, meals and activities from which they were only released during the weekends. The MET was accomplished five days a week and it comprised both aerobic and resistance training. Measurement of body mass, height, skinfold (triceps, abdominal and suprailiac) was accomplished during pre and post training periods, and the following tests were performed: 12-minutes-run, oblique sit up, arm push up and pull up. Fat percentage, fat-free body mass and fat body mass were calculated using the anthropometric data based on the Guedes 3 skinfold protocol. RESULTS: Significant reduction in fat body mass, fat percentage and in triceptal and abdominal skinfold, as well as increase in suprailiac skinfold and fat-free body mass was observed when anthropometric and body composition data were compared, during the initial and the final periods of training. Significant improvement also occurred in all prformed physical tests, in which better performance was achieved. CONCLUSION: The acquired data suggest that performance of MET 5 days a week brought significantly improved body composition as well as physical performance

A dança na formação docente em educação física

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física