Direct synthesis of ordered N-methylimidazolium functionalized mesoporous silica as highly efficient anion exchanger of Cr(VI)

Ordered N-methylimidazolium functionalized mesoporous silica (SBA-15) anion exchangers were directly synthesized by co-condensation of tetraethoxysilane with 1-methyl-3(triethoxysilylpropyl)imidazolium chloride. The prepared samples with rod-like morphology showed high surface areas (> 400 m(2) g(-1)), well-ordered pores (> 58 angstrom), and excellent thermal stability up to 387 degrees C. The adsorption behaviors of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution on the anion exchangers were studied using the batch method. The anion exchangers had high adsorption capacity ranging from 50.8 to 90.5 mg g(-1), over a wider pH range (1-8) than amino functionalized mesoporous silica. The adsorption rate was fast, and the maximum adsorption was obtained at pH 4.6. The adsorption data for the anion exchangers were consistent with the Langmuir isotherm equation. Most active sites of the anion exchangers were easily accessible. The mixed solution of 0.1 mol L-1 NH3 center dot H2O and 0.5 mol L-1 NH4Cl was effective desorption solution, and 95% of Cr(VI) could be desorbed.

Analysis of chemical calorific effect during reactive extrusion processes for free radical polymerization

In the reactive extrusion process for polymerization, the chemical calorific effect has a great influence on the temperature. In order to quantitatively analyze the polymerization trend and optimize the processing conditions, the phenomena of the chemical calorific effect during reactive extrusion processes for free radical polymerization were analyzed. Numerical computation expressions of the heat of chemical reaction and the reactive calorific intensity were deduced, and then a numerical simulation of the reactive extrusion process for the polymerization of n-butyl methacrylate was carried out. The evolutions of the heat of chemical reaction and the reactive calorific intensity along the! axial direction of the extruder are presented, on the basis of which reactive processing conditions can be optimized.

LIFETIMES OF RYDBERG LEVELS IN THE PERTURBED 6SNP 3P2 SERIES OF YTTERBIUM-I

Using three-step laser excitation in an atomic beam and a time-resolved spectroscopy technique, we measured both the lifetimes of the Rydberg levels of Yb I belonging to the perturbed series 6nsp 3P2 and the lifetimes of the perturbing 4f(13)5d(2)6s 3P2, 1D2 levels. An expected shortening has been observed for the lifetimes of those levels which are strongly mixed with the perturbers.

新型双碳桥联二环戊二烯基稀土氯化物的合成与表征

桥联双环戊二烯基稀土化合物的合成已有不少报道。但双碳桥联双环戊二烯基稀土化合物至今未见任何报道。我们以(CH_3)_4C_2(C_5H_4MgCl)_2·4THF(Ⅰ)与无水三氯化稀土反应,通过控制两者的比例合成了两类双碳桥联二环戊二烯基稀土氯化物,(CH_3)_4C_2(C_5H_4)_2LnCl_2·Mg_2Cl_3·nTHF(Ⅱ)和(CH_3)_4C_2(C_5H_4LnCl_2·MgCl_2)_2·nTHF(Ⅲ),并对这两类化合物进行了表征,证实了这两类化合物的存在。

Chaetopyranin, a benzaldehyde derivative, and other related metabolites from Chaetomium globosum, an endophytic fungus derived from the marine red alga Polysiphonia urceolata

Cultivation of the endophytic fungus Chaetomium globosum, which was isolated from the inner tissue of the marine red alga Polysiphonia urceolata, resulted in the isolation of chaetopyranin (1), a new benzaldehyde secondary metabolite. Ten known compounds were also isolated, including two benzaldehyde congeners, 2-(2 ',3-epoxy-1 ',3 '-heptadienyl)-6-hydroxy- 5-(3-methyl-2-butenyl) benzaldehyde (2) and isotetrahydroauroglaucin (3), two anthraquinone derivatives, erythroglaucin (4) and parietin (5), five asperentin derivatives including asperentin ( 6, also known as cladosporin), 5 '-hydroxy-asperentin-8-methylether (7), asperentin-8-methyl ether (8), 4 '-hydroxyasperentin (9), and 5 '-hydroxyasperentin (10), and the prenylated diketopiperazine congener neoechinulin A (11). The structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of their spectroscopic data analysis (H-1, C-13, H-1-H-1 COSY, HMQC, and HMBC NMR, as well as low- and high-resolution mass experiments). To our knowledge, compound 1 represents the first example of a 2H-benzopyran derivative of marine algal-derived fungi as well as of the fungal genus Chaetomium. Each isolate was tested for its DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical-scavenging property. Compounds 1-4 were found to have moderate activity. Chaetopyranin (1) also exhibited moderate to weak cytotoxic activity toward several tumor cell lines.

Substrate induction and statistical optimization for the production of chitosanase from Microbacterium sp OU01

The chitosanase production was markedly enhanced by substrate induction, statistical optimization of medium composition and culture conditions by Microbacteritan sp. OU01 in shake-flask. A significant influence of (NH4)(2)SO4, MgSO4 center dot 7H(2)O and initial pH on chitosanase production was noted with Plackett-Burman design. It was then revealed with the method of steepest ascent and response surface methodology (RSM) that 19.0 g/L (NH4)(2)SO4, 1.3 g/L MgSO4 and an initial pH of 2.0 were optimum for the production of chitosanase; colloidal chitosan appeared to be the best inducer for chitosanase production by Microbacterium sp. OU01. This optimization strategy led to the enhancement of chitosanase from 3.6 U/mL to 118 U/mL. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

SIZE STRUCTURES OF MICROPLANKTON BIOMASS AND PRODUCTION IN JIAOZHOU BAY, CHINA

Seasonal investigations of size-fractionated biomass and production were carried out from February 1992 to May 1993 in Jiaozhou Bay, China. Microplankton assemblages were separated into three fractions: pico-(0.7-2 mu m), nano- (2-20 mu m) and netplankton (20-200 mu m). The biomass was measured as chlorophyll a (Chl a), particulate organic carbon (POC) and particulate organic nitrogen (PON). The production was determined by C-14 and N-15 tracer techniques. The seasonal patterns in biomass, though variable, were characterized by higher values in spring and lower values in autumn and summer (for Chl a only). The seasonal patterns in production, on the other hand, were more clear with higher values occurring in summer and spring, and lower values occurring in autumn and winter. Averaged over the whole study period, the respective proportions of total biomass accounted for by net-, nano- and picoplankton were 26, 45 and 29% for Chl a, 32, 33 and 35% for POC, and 26, 32 and 42% for PON. The contributions to total primary production by net-, nano- and picoplankton were 31, 35 and 34%, respectively. The respective proportions of total NH4+-N uptake accounted for by net-, nano- and picoplankton were 28, 33 and 39% in the daytime, and 10, 29 and 61% at night. The respective contributions to total NO3--N uptake by net-, nano- and picoplankton were 37, 40 and 23% in the daytime, and 13, 23 and 64% at night. Some comprehensive ratios, including C/N biomass ratio, Chl a/C ratio, C uptake/Chl a ratio, C:N uptake ratio and the f-ratio, were also calculated size separately, and their biological and ecological meanings are discussed.

藏药蕨麻油脂化合物的GC-MS分析

蕨麻,藏医谓之卓老沙曾,原植物为蔷薇科委陵菜属鹅绒委陵菜Potentilla anserine L.,为多年生草本.在高海拔地区蕨麻根的中下部形成块根,在温暖低平地区不形成膨大的块根[1].蕨麻全草入药,收敛止血,止咳利痰,治各种出血及下痢.块根入药,有健脾益胃、生津止渴、益气补血功效;治脾虚、腹泻、产后贫血、营养不良等症[2].

CIMS环境下单元的柔性计划生产方法

本文研究了ＣＩＭＳ环境下的生产计划问题．考虑了两种市场需求驱动生产方式，一种是在计划周期内各阶段市场需求由预先订货决定，另一种是市场需求不是由预先订货决定，而是一个随机变量．但可根据统计，确认它服从某种分布规律，对于这两种生产方式，本文可给出最优的生产计划。

智能控制系统的信息集成与建模

本文从智能化角度，以信息与控制的分层递阶结构作为信息集成与建模基础，用概率模型描述和控制智能机器人系统或智能控制系统的各种功能，用熵作为处理多种信息（活动）不确定性的测度，探究信息集成和概率建模的通用模式，用实际应用的几个事例简要说明文中方法的有效性。

华南晚震旦世陡山沱组有机碳同位素地球化学研究

晚震旦世扬子地台陡山沱组地层出露较好，沉积环境多变，由浅水区的台地相向深水区的盆地相变化，是最重要的成磷期之一。地层中有著名的“帽”碳酸盐岩沉积和瓮安生物群产出。本研究展示了来自以下几个剖面沉积岩的碳酸盐和与之共生的有机质碳同位素组成：台地相区的贵州瓮安剖面，过渡相区的贵州松桃剖面和南明剖面，盆地相区的湖南岩屋滩剖面。主要是分析和探讨该时期扬子地台的生命演化过程和环境变化的关系。从南沱组到陡山沱组.

固相萃取柱净化-液相色谱法测定大气中多环芳烃

建立以乙睛一水为流动相, 高效液相色谙法侧定大气颗粒物中种优控多环芳烃化合物的方法。用玻璃纤维滤膜采集大气颖杠物, 以二氛甲烷为溶剂, 超声波提取样品, 提取液过滤经溶别转换后在硅胶柱上分离净化,洗脱液经氮气吹干浓缩后用乙晴定容, 用乙睛一水作流动相进行高效液相色谱梯度洗脱分离, 荧光检侧器变波长程序检测。通过实验优化了种多环芳烃化合物的分离和测定条件。种检测限为一户, 日内, , 一和日间一相对标准偏差分别为小于和小于。该法具有快速、灵敏、准确、重现性好的优点, 适合于大气中痕量多环芳烃的浏定。

中学生抑郁和素质、压力、环境因素的关系及其整合模型研究

As a kind of mood, depression is one of the emotions which people experienced usually. Depressive disorder is one of the common mental diseases. There are about 100 million people in the world be disturbed by depression every year. So it is long history that depression is investigated widely in medicine, psychology, and sociology. There are many theorial problems remain to be solved. Viewed from latest vocuments, the development of depression theory is tending to become more complicated. Most of the prior depression theory focused on relation between one factor and depression. Because depressed individuls have various characteristics and factors that cause depression are different, and each factor can explain only part of depression variance, these prior depression theories are defected. As the knowledge about depression accumulated, the view that depression be caused by multifactor is clearer. There is tendency to integrate these cooperational factor into a model while developing a depression theory. In the present study, depression status of 1625 middle school students from junior 1 to senior 3 are measured using Depression Scale of Middle-school Student which is developed by ourselves. From approach of depressive mood, the present study explored depressive diathesis including attributional style, personality, coping style, and self. The relation among depressive diathesis, stress and depression is analysed. The relation between depression and school life adaptation, depression and cohesion, adaptation in family are also analysed from environmental view. At last, relation among environment, stress, depressive diathesis is examined by using covariance structure modelling. Synthesizing the results from the present study, the following conclusions were drawn: (1) There is grade-characteristics in development of depression in middle school students. Depression degree increased with grade. The main reason may be that the stress middle-school students experience increase and self-acceptance decrease with grade; (2) High depressive diathesis is different from low depressive diathesis. the features of high depressive diathesis are that attributing failure to ability or background, low capacity for status, low sociability, low independence, low self-blame, more illusion. The features of low depressive diathesis are that not attributing failure to ability or background, high capacity for status, high sociability, high independence, high self-acceptance, while facing difficulties, using problem-resolving coping strategy, less self-blame, less illusion. Individuals who have high depressive diathesis showed serious depression, and individuals who have low depressive diathesis showed light depression; (3) Depressive diathesis had accumulative effect on depression. More low depressive diathesis, more light is depression. More high depressive diathesis, more serious is depression; (4) Depressive diathesis can predict present depression and future depression. Predicting present depression is more effective than predicting future depression; (5) Individual who has different depressive diathesis experiences different level of stress. Higher the depressive diathesis individual has, higher stress he will experience. Lower the depressive diathesis individual has, lower stress will he experience; (6) There is correlation between life event pressure and depression. Life event pressure can predict a part of variance of depression. Life event pressure has accumulative effect on depression. More life event and higher life event pressure, more serious depression individual will experience; (7) There exits high correlation between depression and school life adaptation which can predict depression; (8) There is high correlative relation between depression and cohesion, adaptation in family which can predict depression; and (9) Environment have more effect on diathesis than on stress. Diathesis has more effect on depression than stress does. The past depression can predict future depression. This study had enlarged the domain of depressive diathesis such as attributional style, personality, coping style, and self, which are analysed wholly. This study had also enriched the connotation of diathesis=stress theory. Above two aspects are theoretical significance of the study. This study provide a framework of mental health educational curriculum in high school and provide the guideline for prevention and cure of depression. It is the practical significance of this study.