1000 resultados para Lagoa para tratamento de efluentes. Lagoas de estabilização. Biofiltros. Remoção de microalgas
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Este artigo avaliou a influência do vento em diferentes profundidades na circulação de massa líquida da lagoa facultativa da estação de tratamento de esgotos do município de Álvares Florence, em São Paulo, Brasil, por meio de flutuadores com diferentes dimensões (15, 25 e 35 cm de comprimento). Por meio de um método simples, prático e de baixo custo, foi possível verificar o sentido de circulação da lagoa, o qual, por sua vez, está relacionado com a direção dos ventos.
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Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Biologia Celular e Molecular) - IBRC
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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This study used a multi-analytical approach based on traditional microbiological methods for cultivation and isolation of heterotrophic bacteria in the laboratory associated with the molecular identification of the isolates and physicochemical analysis of environmental samples. The model chosen for data integration was supported by knowledge from computational neuroscience, and composed by three modules: (i) microbiological parameters, contemplating taxonomic data obtained from the partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene from 80 colonies of heterotrophic bacteria isolated by plating method in PCA media. For bacterial colonies isolation were used water samples from Atibaia and Jaguarí rivers collected at the site of water captation for use in effluent treatment, upstream from the entrance of treated effluent from the Paulínia refinery (REPLAN/Petrobras) located in the Paulínia-SP municipality, from the output of the biological treatment plant with stabilization pond and from the raw refinery wastewater; (ii) chemical parameters, ending measures of dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chloride, acidity CaCO3, alkalinity, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, dissolved ions, sulfides, oils and greases; and (iii) physical parameters, comprising the pH determination, conductivity, temperature, transparency, settleable solids, suspended and soluble solids, volatile material, remaining fixing material (RFM), apparent color and turbidity. The results revealed interesting theoretical relationships involving two families of bacteria (Carnobacteriaceae and Aeromonadaceae). Carnobacteriaceae revealed positive theoretical relationships with COD, BOD, nitrate, chloride, temperature, conductivity and apparent color and negative theoretical relationships with the OD. Positive theoretical relationships were shown between Aeromonadaceae and OD and nitrate, while this bacterial family showed negative theoretical...
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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This study used a multi-analytical approach based on traditional microbiological methods for cultivation and isolation of heterotrophic bacteria in the laboratory associated with the molecular identification of the isolates and physicochemical analysis of environmental samples. The model chosen for data integration was supported by knowledge from computational neuroscience, and composed by three modules: (i) microbiological parameters, contemplating taxonomic data obtained from the partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene from 80 colonies of heterotrophic bacteria isolated by plating method in PCA media. For bacterial colonies isolation were used water samples from Atibaia and Jaguarí rivers collected at the site of water captation for use in effluent treatment, upstream from the entrance of treated effluent from the Paulínia refinery (REPLAN/Petrobras) located in the Paulínia-SP municipality, from the output of the biological treatment plant with stabilization pond and from the raw refinery wastewater; (ii) chemical parameters, ending measures of dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chloride, acidity CaCO3, alkalinity, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, dissolved ions, sulfides, oils and greases; and (iii) physical parameters, comprising the pH determination, conductivity, temperature, transparency, settleable solids, suspended and soluble solids, volatile material, remaining fixing material (RFM), apparent color and turbidity. The results revealed interesting theoretical relationships involving two families of bacteria (Carnobacteriaceae and Aeromonadaceae). Carnobacteriaceae revealed positive theoretical relationships with COD, BOD, nitrate, chloride, temperature, conductivity and apparent color and negative theoretical relationships with the OD. Positive theoretical relationships were shown between Aeromonadaceae and OD and nitrate, while this bacterial family showed negative theoretical...
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Sanitária
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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Biomédica
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The contribution of the industrial activities to the environmental contamination phenomena is evident. Great efforts are dedicated to the establishment of methodologies which permits an adequate treatment of the produced effluents, as a manner of minimizing the environmental impact of these wastes. The methodologies based on photocatalytic processes are very promise alternatives, because permits degradation of a great number of chemical substances of high toxic potential, without the use of other chemicals. The present work is an overview about the principal environmental aspects related with the paper and cellulose industry and the main alternatives employed for the reduction of environmental impact produced for its residues. The principal results of the photocatalytic treatment of this kind of effluents using metallic semiconductors is also showed.
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Tannery effluents are very dangerous for the environment since they contain large amounts of dangerous and biorecalcitrant contaminants (organic matter and Cr(VI)). This paper reports the efficiency of heterogeneous photocatalysis, based on the application of solar and artificial radiation, furnished by UV lamps, using TiO2 fixed on a flat plate, in the treatment of synthetic effluents. The results of COD and Cr(VI) demonstrate that the use of solar radiation is the most efficient way to perform the photocatalytic treatment of these effluents since a minimum removal of 62 and 61% was observed for Cr(VI) and organic matter, respectively.
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Physico-chemical and microbiological parameters were evaluated before and after applying an electrolytic process to effluents of a stabilization lagoon, in the presence or absence of "salt". Chlorine generation and bactericidal properties of the treatments were studied following two experiments. Effluent pH increased with electrolysis time. In the absence of "salt", 20 min electrolysis resulted in a COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) reduction of 44%, along with ca. 99.9% (3 log10 cfu/mL) reduction in total coliforms, heterotrophic bacteria and Escherichia coli. These results indicated that the electrolytic process is a promising complementary technology to improve effluent quality for stabilization lagoons.
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Several problems are involved the treatment plants of textile effluents, mainly the low efficiency of color removal. This paper presents an alternative of post-treatment by UV/H2O2 process, for color removal in biologically treated textile effluents. The tests were performed in a photochemical reactor and samples were taken at different times to perform analyses. Using 250 mgH2O2.L-1, 96% removal of color was verified, indicating the dyes degradation. A reduction of 84% of aromatics compounds, 90% of TSS removal, and a further reduction of the organic fraction were observed, demonstrating that the process is effective as a post-treatment of effluents from textile industries.
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Neste trabalho, avaliou-se o desempenho de dois reatores anaeróbios operados em batelada sequencial (ASBR), instalados em série, em escala-piloto (R1 e R2 com volumes de 280 L e 140 L, respectivamente), no tratamento de águas residuárias de suinocultura com concentrações de sólidos suspensos totais (SST) em torno de 10.000 mg L-1. Para o pós-tratamento do efluente do sistema de tratamento com os reatores anaeróbios, utilizaram-se duas lagoas de polimento (L1 e L2 com volume de 1.000 L, cada) em série. As cargas orgânicas volumétricas (COV) aplicadas no primeiro ASBR variaram de 4,43 a 12,75 g DQOtotal (L d)-1. As eficiências médias de remoção da demanda química de oxigênio total (DQOtotal) e de SST variaram de 52 a 86% e de 54 a 87%, respectivamente, no sistema de tratamento anaeróbio composto pelos ASBR. As produções volumétricas médias de metano no sistema de tratamento anaeróbio variaram de 0,628 a 0,786 m³ (m³ reator d)-1. A utilização das lagoas de polimento em série permitiu manter eficiências médias de remoção no sistema de tratamento (R1 + R2 + L1 + L2) acima de 89% e 91% para a DQOtotal e SST, respectivamente.
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Neste trabalho, avaliou-se o desempenho de dois reatores anaeróbios operados em batelada sequencial (ASBR), instalados em série, em escala-piloto (volumes de 280 L e 140 L, respectivamente), no tratamento de águas residuárias de suinocultura, com concentrações de sólidos suspensos totais (SST) em torno de 10.000 mg L-1. Para o pós-tratamento do efluente do sistema de tratamento com os ASBR, utilizou-se de duas lagoas de polimento (volume de 1.000 L, cada) em série. As cargas orgânicas volumétricas (COV) aplicadas no primeiro ASBR variaram de 4,43 a 12,75 g DQOtotal (L d)-1. As eficiências médias de remoção de nitrogênio total Kjeldahl (NTK) e fósforo total (P-total) variaram de 30 a 82% e de 42 a 100%, respectivamente, no sistema de tratamento anaeróbio composto pelos ASBR seguidos das lagoas de polimento. A utilização das lagoas de polimento em série permitiu manter eficiências médias de remoção acima de 80% para o Fe, Mn e Zn e de 76% para o Cu. O número de coliformes termotolerantes foi reduzido a 8x10³ NMP/100 mL.