Comment les médias couvrent-ils les causes de justice? : l'affaire Guy Turcotte sous la loupe.

Les médias n’offrent pas une réflexion objective des évènements et de la société. Ils emploient plutôt des cadres afin de construire la nouvelle. Les journaux suivent un style de contenu axé sur le marché, ce qui résulte entre autres en la construction d’une « histoire » pouvant mieux rejoindre leurs lectorats. Bien que des études sur la représentation des crimes et criminels dans les médias soient nombreuses, celles portant sur la représentation du système judiciaire sont plutôt rares. Ce mémoire cherche à comprendre comment les médias ont présenté le système judiciaire lors des procédures intentées contre Guy Turcotte, un procès durant lequel le système judiciaire a été fortement discuté et critiqué. Cette affaire judiciaire a été reprise par plusieurs politiciens pour proposer des réformes populistes misant sur des modifications de notre système de justice ou visant une plus grande sévérité face à ce type de crime. Le présent mémoire cherche à vérifier si les médias ont contribué à ce populisme pénal en utilisant des stratégies populistes lors de la présentation de l’affaire judiciaire. De manière plus précise, le mémoire décrit comment les aspects judiciaires et légaux sont représentés dans les médias, et ce, grâce à des analyses quantitatives et qualitatives effectuées sur 239 articles publiés entre 2009 et 2012 dans le Journal de Montréal (JM) et La Presse (LP). Ces journaux sont reconnus pour avoir des lignes éditoriales différentes et un lectorat distinct. Le mémoire analyse le contenu des articles de journaux et cherche à différencier les stratégies de présentation utilisées par les médias selon la période judiciaire (avant, pendant ou après procès) et le type de journal. Le contenu des articles est analysé à travers le prisme des théories sur les stratégies de populisme pénal retrouvées dans les discours politiques. Ces analyses mettent en lumière la présence de stratégies telles que l’emploi d’émotion, les simplifications excessives, le discrédit des experts et la polarisation, lesquelles sont davantage mises de l’avant dans le Journal de Montréal et en l’absence de nouvelles informations (durant la période après le procès). Les analyses révèlent également que les médias ont parfois recours à des stratégies que l’on qualifie d’anti-populistes, comme ce fut le cas pour La Presse, qui a proposé une couverture médiatique de cette affaire qui rompt avec plusieurs des stratégies associées au populisme pénal.

Comment les médias couvrent-ils les causes de justice? : l'affaire Guy Turcotte sous la loupe

Les médias n’offrent pas une réflexion objective des évènements et de la société. Ils emploient plutôt des cadres afin de construire la nouvelle. Les journaux suivent un style de contenu axé sur le marché, ce qui résulte entre autres en la construction d’une « histoire » pouvant mieux rejoindre leurs lectorats. Bien que des études sur la représentation des crimes et criminels dans les médias soient nombreuses, celles portant sur la représentation du système judiciaire sont plutôt rares. Ce mémoire cherche à comprendre comment les médias ont présenté le système judiciaire lors des procédures intentées contre Guy Turcotte, un procès durant lequel le système judiciaire a été fortement discuté et critiqué. Cette affaire judiciaire a été reprise par plusieurs politiciens pour proposer des réformes populistes misant sur des modifications de notre système de justice ou visant une plus grande sévérité face à ce type de crime. Le présent mémoire cherche à vérifier si les médias ont contribué à ce populisme pénal en utilisant des stratégies populistes lors de la présentation de l’affaire judiciaire. De manière plus précise, le mémoire décrit comment les aspects judiciaires et légaux sont représentés dans les médias, et ce, grâce à des analyses quantitatives et qualitatives effectuées sur 239 articles publiés entre 2009 et 2012 dans le Journal de Montréal (JM) et La Presse (LP). Ces journaux sont reconnus pour avoir des lignes éditoriales différentes et un lectorat distinct. Le mémoire analyse le contenu des articles de journaux et cherche à différencier les stratégies de présentation utilisées par les médias selon la période judiciaire (avant, pendant ou après procès) et le type de journal. Le contenu des articles est analysé à travers le prisme des théories sur les stratégies de populisme pénal retrouvées dans les discours politiques. Ces analyses mettent en lumière la présence de stratégies telles que l’emploi d’émotion, les simplifications excessives, le discrédit des experts et la polarisation, lesquelles sont davantage mises de l’avant dans le Journal de Montréal et en l’absence de nouvelles informations (durant la période après le procès). Les analyses révèlent également que les médias ont parfois recours à des stratégies que l’on qualifie d’anti-populistes, comme ce fut le cas pour La Presse, qui a proposé une couverture médiatique de cette affaire qui rompt avec plusieurs des stratégies associées au populisme pénal.

Administrative Placement of the Information Systems Discipline in Universities - A SWOT Analysis of Queensland University of Technology

In some Queensland universities, Information Systems academics have moved out of Business Faculties. This study uses a pilot SWOT analysis to examine the ramifications of Information Systems academics being located within or outside of the Business Faculty. The analysis provides a useful basis for decision makers in the School studied, to exploit opportunities and minimise external threats. For Information Systems academics contemplating administrative relocation of their group, the study also offers useful insights. The study presages a series of further SWOT analyses to provide a range of perspectives on the relative merits of having Information Systems academics administratively located inside versus outside Business faculties.

Using performance measurement models for benefit realization with enterprise systems: The Queensland Government approach (Case Study)

A range of influences, technical and organizational, has encouraged the wide spread adaption of Enterprise Systems (ES). Nevertheless, there is a growing consensus that Enterprise Systems have in the many cases failed to provide the expected benefits to organizations. This paper presents ongoing research, which analyzes the benefits realization approach of the Queensland Government. This approach applies a modified Balance Scorecard. First, history and background of Queensland Government’s Enterprise Systems initiative is introduced. Second, the most common reasons for ES under performance are related. Third, relevant performance measurement models and the Balanced Scorecard in particular are discussed. Finally, the Queensland Government initiative is evaluated in light of this overview of current work in the area. In the current and future work, the authors aim to use their active involvement in Queensland Government’s benefits realization initiative for an Action Research based project investigating the appropriateness of the Balanced Scorecard for the purposes of Enterprise Systems benefits realization.

Identifying the knowledge management structures in enterprise systems projects

Enterprise System (ES) implementation and management are knowledge intensive tasks that inevitably draw upon the experience of a wide range of people with diverse knowledge capabilities. Knowledge Management (KM) has been identified as a critical success factor in ES projects. Despite the recognized importance of managing knowledge for ES benefits realization, systematic attempts to conceptualize KM-structures have been few. Where the adequacy of KM-structures is assessed, the process and measures are typically idiosyncratic and lack credibility. Using the ‘KM-process’, itself based in sociology of knowledge, this paper conceptualizes four main constructs to measure the adequacy of KM-structures. The SEM model is tested using 310 responses gathered from 27 ES installations that had implemented SAP R/3. The findings reveal six constructs for KM-structure. Furthermore, the paper demonstrates the application of KM-structures in the context of ES using the Adaptive Structuration Theory. The results demonstrate that having adequate KM-structures in place, while necessary, is not sufficient. These rules and resources must be appropriated to have greater positive influence on the Enterprise System. Furthermore, the study provides empirical support for knowledge-based theory by illustrating the importance of knowledge use/re-use (vs. knowledge creation) as the most important driver in the process of KM.

Enterprise resources planning systems impacts: A Delphi study of Australian public sector

The business value of Enterprise Resource Planning systems (ERP systems), and in general large software implementations, has been extensively debated in both popular press and in the academic literature for over two decades. Organisations invest enormous sums of money and resources in Enterprise Resource Planning systems (and related infrastructure), presumably expecting positive impacts to the organisation and its functions. Some studies have reported large productivity improvements and substantial benefits from ERP systems, while others have reported that ERP systems have not had any bottom-line impact. This paper discusses initial findings from a study that focuses on identifying and assessing important ERP impacts in 23 Australian public sector organizations.

Survey design: Insights from a public sector ERP success story

Research on the impact of Information Systems (IS) reported in both academic literature and popular press has reported confounding results. Some studies have reported encouraging results of IS, while others have reported nil or detrimental results. The contradictory results of these research studies can be partially attributed to the weaknesses in survey instruments. In an attempt to increase the validity of conclusions of IS assessment studies, survey instrument design should follow a rigorous and scientific procedure. This paper illustrates key validity and reliability issues in measuring Information Systems performance, using examples from a study designed to assess Enterprise Resource Planning systems success. The article emphasizes on the importance of the survey method and the theoretical considerations of item derivation, scale development and item evaluation. Examples are provided from the ERP assessment study to supplement the readers understanding of the theoretical concepts of survey design.

ERP success: Does organisation size matter?

Organisations invest enormous sums of money in acquiring Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems, presumably expecting positive impacts to the organisation and its functions. Despite the optimistic motives some ERP projects have reported nil or detrimental impacts. This paper studies the proposition that the size of an organisation (e.g. small, large) may have contributed to the differences in receiving benefits reported in prior studies in this domain. The alleged differences in organisational performance are empirically measured using a prior validated model, using five constructs and fortytwo sub-constructs. Information is gathered from three hundred and ten respondents representing twenty-seven public sector organisations. Results suggests that (1) larger organisations have received more benefits compared to small organisations, (2) small organisations demonstrated higher reliance on their ERP systems, (3) employment cohorts demonstrate significant differences in perceived benefits in small and large organisations.

Knowledge management for ERP success

The business value of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems and in general large software implementations has been extensively debated in both popular press and academic literature for over three decades. Despite the positive motives for adoption, various organizations have reported negative impacts from these large investments. This ‘disconnect’ between large IS investments and firms’ organizational performance may be attributable to the economic transition from an era of competitive advantage based on information to one that is based on Knowledge. This paper discusses the initial findings of a two-phased study that focuses on empirically assessing the impact of knowledge management on the success of Enterprise Resource Planning systems. The research study uses information gathered from twenty-seven public sector organizations in Queensland, Australia. Validation of the a priori model constructs through factor analysis identified two dimensions of knowledge management. Further analysis assessed the comparative differences in perceptions of knowledge management in ERP, across four employment cohorts.

Critical success factors of process modeling for enterprise systems

The integrated and process oriented nature of Enterprise Systems (ES) has led organizations to use process modeling as an aid in managing these systems. Enterprise Systems success factor studies explicitly and implicitly state the importance of process modeling and its contribution to overall Enterprise System success. However, no empirical evidence exists on how to conduct process modeling successfully and possibly differentially in the main phases of the ES life-cycle. This paper reports on an empirical investigation of the factors that influence process modeling success. An a-priori model with 8 candidate success factors has been developed to this stage. This paper introduces the research context and objectives, describes the research design and the derived model, and concludes by looking ahead to the next phases of the research design.

A comparative analysis of major ERP lifecycle implementation, management and support issues in Queensland Government

This paper reports on a study of ERP lifecycle major issues from the perspectives of individuals with substantial and diverse involvement with SAP Financials in Queensland Government. A survey was conducted of 117 ERP system project participants in five closely related state government agencies. A modified Delphi technique identified, rationalized and weighed perceived major issues in ongoing ERP life cycle implementation, management and support. The five agencies each implemented SAP Financials simultaneously using a common implementation partner. The three survey rounds of the Delphi technique, together with coding and synthesizing procedures, resulted in a set of 10 major issue categories with 38 sub-issues. Relative scores of issue importance are compared across government agencies, roles (client vs implementation partner) and organizational levels (strategic, technical and operational). Study findings confirm the importance of this finer partitioning of the data, and distinctions identified reflect the circumstances of ERP lifecycle implementation, management and support among the stakeholder groups. The study findings should also be of interest to stakeholders who seek to better understand the issues surrounding ERP systems and to better realise the benefits of ERP.

A balanced scorecard approach to enterprise systems performance measurement

A range of influences, both technical and organisational, has encouraged the wide spread adoption of Enterprise Systems (ES). Nevertheless, there is a growing consensus that Enterprise Systems have in many cases failed to provide expected benefits. The increasing role of, and dependency on ES (and IT in general), and the ‘uncertainty’ of these large investments, have created a strong need to monitor and measure ES performance. This paper reports on a research project aimed at deriving an ‘Enterprise Systems benefits measurement instrument’. The research seeks to identify how Enterprise Systems benefits can be usefully measured, with a ‘balance’ between qualitative and quantitative factors.

Process modelling for enterprise systems: Factors critical to success

A range of influences, both technical and organizational, has encouraged the widespread adoption of Enterprise Systems (ES). The integrated and process-oriented nature of Enterprise Systems has led organizations to use process modelling as a means of managing the complexity of these systems, and to aid in achieving business goals. Past research illustrates how process modelling is applied across different Enterprise Systems lifecycle phases. However, no empirical evidence exists to evaluate what factors are essential for a successful process modelling initiative, in general or in an ES context. This research-in-progress paper reports on an empirical investigation of the factors that influence process modelling success. It presents an a-priori process modelling critical-success-factors-model, describes its derivation, and concludes with an outlook to the next stages of the research.