Formación de profesores en Educación Física en Brasil: comprensión de estudiantes noveles de la Universidad Federal de San Carlos

The frequent characterization about the Physical Education Degree is associated to technical-sport and training aspects and this is the reason of this study. The objective is to understand the motives to the basis of this situation. In this sense, a theoretical study was developed regarding the Physical Education Teaching Training in Brazil; at the same time, an empirical investigation was carried out with first-year students of the cited degree. The register tool to collect the students' understandings was an open question expressed as: "Why did you choose the course of Physical Education Degree?" which was answered in written form by the students. So as to make up an understanding of the data collected, the information was organized in two thematic categories; Category A: no identification with schooling; Category B: reasons in relation to the (lack) of professional vocation. Based on the students' answers, it was possible to comprehend that choosing the mentioned degree it is mostly set up by a lack of option, instead of a real professional identity and thoughtful processes of transformation in society.

Estudo epidemiológico sobre as perdas reprodutivas em bovinos leiteiros: ocorrência de neospora caninum, brucella abortus, herpesvírus bovino tipo-1 e leptospira spp. em uma propriedade do município de São Carlos-SP

The aim of this work was draw an endemic level of reproductive losses and determine positivity for four infectious agents related to reproductive problems in dairy cattle on a property in São Carlos city. Blood serum samples were collected of 142 breeding animals more than two years old, from which 21.1% showed history of abortions or stillbirths in at least one pregnancy. Immunofluorescent antibody technique, tamponated acidified antigen test, serum neutralization technique and microscopic agglutination test, were used for detection of antibody anti-Neospora caninum, anti- Brucella abortus, anti-Bovine Herpesvirus Type-1 (BoHV-1) and anti-Leptospira spp , respectively. The serological tests carried out showed that 28.9% of the animals had titers greater than or equal to 100 of anti-Neospora caninum. Viral neutralization tests demonstrated that 26.8% of the animals had titers greater or equal to 256 for antibody anti-BoHV-1.Only 7.7% of the animals studied had titers equal to or greater than 100 in the microscopic agglutination test for Leptospira spp. There weren’t observed positive reactions to the tamponated acidified antigen test for diagnosis of bovine brucellosis. The study suggests the presence of BoHV-1, N. caninum and Leptospira spp in contact with dairy cattle property and could be involved in the occurrence of abortions and stillbirths in cattle. Reproductive losses are endemic and implies a possible behavior of chronic infections caused by these microorganisms.

Bioenergetics and neuromuscular determinants of the time to exhaustion at velocity corresponding to (V) over dotO(2)max in recreational long-distance runners

Bertuzzi, R, Bueno, S, Pasqua, LA, Acquesta, FM, Batista, MB, Roschel, H, Kiss, MAPDM, Serrao, JC, Tricoli, V, and Ugrinowitsch, C. Bioenergetics and neuromuscular determinants of the time to exhaustion at velocity corresponding to (V) over dotO(2)max in recreational long-distance runners. J Strength Cond Res 26(8): 2096-2102, 2012-The purpose of this study was to investigate the main bioenergetics and neuromuscular determinants of the time to exhaustion (T-lim) at the velocity corresponding to maximal oxygen uptake in recreational long-distance runners. Twenty runners performed the following tests on 5 different days: (a) maximal incremental treadmill test, (b) 2 submaximal tests to determine running economy and vertical stiffness, (c) exhaustive test to measured the T-lim, (d) maximum dynamic strength test, and (e) muscle power production test. Aerobic and anaerobic energy contributions during the T-lim test were also estimated. The stepwise multiple regression method selected 3 independent variables to explain T-lim variance. Total energy production explained 84.1% of the shared variance (p = 0.001), whereas peak oxygen uptake ((V) over dotO(2)peak) measured during T-lim and lower limb muscle power ability accounted for the additional 10% of the shared variance (p = 0.014). These data suggest that the total energy production, (V) over dotO(2)peak, and lower limb muscle power ability are the main physiological and neuromuscular determinants of T-lim in recreational long-distance runners.

Hypotheses, rationale, design, and methods for prognostic evaluation of cardiac biomarker elevation after percutaneous and surgical revascularization in the absence of manifest myocardial infarction. A comparative analysis of biomarkers and cardiac magnetic resonance. The MASS-V Trial

Background: Although the release of cardiac biomarkers after percutaneous (PCI) or surgical revascularization (CABG) is common, its prognostic significance is not known. Questions remain about the mechanisms and degree of correlation between the release, the volume of myocardial tissue loss, and the long-term significance. Delayed-enhancement of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) consistently quantifies areas of irreversible myocardial injury. To investigate the quantitative relationship between irreversible injury and cardiac biomarkers, we will evaluate the extent of irreversible injury in patients undergoing PCI and CABG and relate it to postprocedural modifications in cardiac biomarkers and long-term prognosis. Methods/Design: The study will include 150 patients with multivessel coronary artery disease (CAD) with left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) and a formal indication for CABG; 50 patients will undergo CABG with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB); 50 patients with the same arterial and ventricular condition indicated for myocardial revascularization will undergo CABG without CPB; and another 50 patients with CAD and preserved ventricular function will undergo PCI using stents. All patients will undergo CMR before and after surgery or PCI. We will also evaluate the release of cardiac markers of necrosis immediately before and after each procedure. Primary outcome considered is overall death in a 5-year follow-up. Secondary outcomes are levels of CK-MB isoenzyme and I-Troponin in association with presence of myocardial fibrosis and systolic left ventricle dysfunction assessed by CMR. Discussion: The MASS-V Trial aims to establish reliable values for parameters of enzyme markers of myocardial necrosis in the absence of manifest myocardial infarction after mechanical interventions. The establishments of these indices have diagnostic value and clinical prognosis and therefore require relevant and different therapeutic measures. In daily practice, the inappropriate use of these necrosis markers has led to misdiagnosis and therefore wrong treatment. The appearance of a more sensitive tool such as CMR provides an unprecedented diagnostic accuracy of myocardial damage when correlated with necrosis enzyme markers. We aim to correlate laboratory data with imaging, thereby establishing more refined data on the presence or absence of irreversible myocardial injury after the procedure, either percutaneous or surgical, and this, with or without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass.

Characterization of selectivity and pharmacophores of type 1 sea anemone toxins by screening seven Na-v sodium channel isoforms

During their evolution, animals have developed a set of cysteine-rich peptides capable of binding various extracellular sites of voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSC). Sea anemone toxins that target VGSCs delay their inactivation process, but little is known about their selectivities. Here we report the investigation of three native type 1 toxins (CGTX-II, delta-AITX-Bcg1a and delta-AITX-Bcg1b) purified from the venom of Bunodosoma cangicum. Both delta-AITX-Bcg1a and delta-AITX-Bcg1b toxins were fully sequenced. The three peptides were evaluated by patch-clamp technique among Nav1.1-1.7 isoforms expressed in mammalian cell lines, and their preferential targets are Na(v)1.5 > 1.6 > 1.1. We also evaluated the role of some supposedly critical residues in the toxins which would interact with the channels, and observed that some substitutions are not critical as expected. In addition, CGTX-II and delta-AITX-Bcg1a evoke different shifts in activation/inactivation Boltzmann curves in Nav1.1 and 1.6. Moreover, our results suggest that the interaction region between toxins and VGSCs is not restricted to the supposed site 3 (S3-54 linker of domain IV), and this may be a consequence of distinct surface of contact of each peptide vs. targeted channel. Our data suggest that the contact surfaces of each peptide may be related to their surface charges, as CGTX-II is more positive than delta-AITX-Bcg1a and delta-AITX-Bcg1b. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Roberto Carlos e a identidade brasileira na canção

Roberto Carlos é, ao mesmo tempo, o mais popular e o mais rejeitado dos artistas brasileiros. Nosso artigo pretende compreender as raízes dessa contradição, compreendendo tanto a positividade e o valor de sua obra - buscando relativizar uma série de estigmas e preconceitos que rondam sua figura, demonstrando, por assim dizer, a legitimidade de sua coroa - quanto o lugar a partir de onde falam seus antagonistas, de modo a perceber o conjunto de interesses e posições envolvidas nesses juízos críticos.

Las categorías Imperio e Imperialismo: las cosas por su nombre. En: LaRivada, V. 2, n° 2

El estudio de las relaciones transnacionales en las regiones de frontera, específicamente en la conformada por la provincia argentina de Misiones, el borde occidental del sur de Brasil y el este del Paraguay, cuyo punto de mayor gravitación es el tejido urbano-rural de Foz do Iguaçu, Ciudad del Este y Puerto Iguazú, nos enfrentó a la necesidad de plantear cuestiones teóricas y metodológicas para poder conocer y explicar el conjunto de relaciones existentes entre la formación socioeconómica y espacial regional, las prácticas de los agentes y colectivos de la sociedad fronteriza y los procesos de integración y globalización iniciados con el Mercosur. La recuperación de las categorías “imperio”, “imperialismo”, “estado imperial” y “sistema imperial”, nos situaron en una perspectiva mas adecuada frente a la complejidad del universo investigado.

Representaciones de las actividades económicas en el Territorio Nacional de Misiones (1930-1950). En: LaRivada, V. 2, n° 3

La representación de una región excede la delimitación de un espacio geográfico, ya que de ella devienen prácticas y fundamentaciones discursivas y simbólicas, configurando tanto un sentido político como identitario en relación a la vivencia, la percepción y el ejercicio de poder. El relevamiento de información de los representantes estatales constituyó una “excusa” para evaluar los intereses, los saberes y las perspectivas que derivaron en argumentos de consenso respecto de la construcción de la opinión pública, en torno a la región desde el poder central. Nuestro análisis está centrado, fundamentalmente, en la perspectiva de Jorge Newton (1950) y Alberto Carlos Muello (1930). La puesta en diálogo de las perspectivas de dos exploradores en torno al desarrollo de Misiones posibilita un entendimiento aproximativo a las definiciones en las que se sustentan las actividades económicas, las relaciones con las múltiples formas de colonización implementadas y los criterios políticos para la orientación económica de la región y el país.

A.A.V.V.: Reason, morality, and law. The philosophy of John Finnis, J. Keown & R.P. George (eds.), Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2013, 616 pp.

Fil: Massini Correas, Carlos I.. Universidad de Mendoza

A.A.V.V.: Virtue Jurisprudence, C. Farrelly & L.B. Solum (eds.), New York, Palgrave-MacMillan, 2011, 268 pp.

Fil: Massini Correas, Carlos I.. Universidad de Mendoza

El abuso de drogas y alcohol como estrategias evasivas en los jóvenes de San Carlos de Bariloche

El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo identificar las problemáticas sociales que perciben los jóvenes escolarizados de la ciudad de Bariloche. Los problemas sociales que identifican son expresión de una crítica ante las condiciones que dificultan su desarrollo en los diversos ámbitos de convivencia de los que participan. En ámbito familiar se encuentran con falta de contención, desamparo e incomunicación por parte de sus mayores. En el ámbito educativo reconocen la mala calidad educativa que proporciona el sistema escolar, con responsabilidades fuertes en la gestión del Estado. En el ámbito laboral nos plantean su necesidad, dentro de una estrategia de supervivencia familiar, de incorporarse al mercado de trabajo. Necesidad 1que se encuentra en tensión (o en contradicción) con la necesidad de continuar su formación tanto de nivel medio como superior. Finalmente, el problema de mayor importancia, por amplio margen, fue el fácil acceso a drogas y alcohol. Esta problemática fue reconocida, a diferencia de las otras mencionadas, por jóvenes de todos los estratos sociales. Consideramos que el abuso en la ingesta de drogas y alcohol puede pensarse como una "estrategia evasiva" o una "conducta de retirada" ante las dificultades que cotidianamente viven los jóvenes en su familia, escuela o trabajo

"El barrio son los vecinos". Cultura e identidad en los procesos de urbanización de villas. Algunas reflexiones sobre el barrio Carlos Gardel

En el año 2005 se lanza en una gran cantidad de villas del conurbano bonaerense el Subprograma de Urbanización de Villas y Asentamientos precarios del Plan Federal de Viviendas, produciendo un importante impacto en la transformación socio-urbana de los territorios intervenidos. La idea fundamental que subyace en nuestro trabajo es que todo proceso de transformación implica remover estructuras de significados y construir nuevos consensos y que, por lo tanto, es necesario resaltar esta dimensión simbólica de los procesos de urbanización. ¿Qué es el barrio?, ¿por qué cambiar?, ¿qué implica un nuevo barrio y cómo nos gustaría que fuese? son preguntas cuyas respuestas no pueden ser, desde nuestra perspectiva, construidas unilateralmente desde un saber técnico y externo al propio barrio. En este sentido, creemos que la pregunta básica desde la gestión pública no debería ser tampoco ?y simplemente- ¿cuál es ?la identidad? de los barrios? Sino ¿cómo hacer para interactuar y comunicarse entre las múltiples identidades y significados que entran en juego a la hora de pensar en la transformación de los mismos. A partir de estas reflexiones, nos proponemos específicamente -pero de manera introductoria- indagar acerca de la trama de significados que soporta las acciones cotidianas de los vecinos de la villa Carlos Gardel en el Municipio de Morón, y preguntarnos, a su vez, por la forma en que esta trama significativa se vincula con el espacio y el territorio habitado. Presentaremos, entonces, algunos aspectos de los procesos culturales e identitarios que ocurren en el barrio, comprendiendo a la cultura no como una dimensión aislada sino como una parte constitutiva de todas las dimensiones de la vida social y cotidiana y que debe ser contemplada, por lo tanto, en todo proceso de transformación socio-urbana