TRPV4 activates autonomic and behavioural warmth-defence responses in Wistar rats

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Phosphorus fractions in soils of the mangrove, restinga and Atlantic forest ecosystems from Cardoso Island, Brazil

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Surface morphology and structural modification induced by femtosecond pulses in hydrogenated amorphous silicon films

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Análise do clareamento dental caseiro realizado com diferentes produtos: relato de caso

Aesthetic dental treatments are very popular nowadays. Among them, dental bleaching occupies a prominent place. Por esse motivo, muitos trabalhos são realizados a fim de avaliar seus efeitos clínicos sobre a estrutura dental. Due to the high demand for bleaching treatments, many studies have been conducted to evaluate its effects on tooth structure. This study aimed to report and discuss the aspects related to color change as well as the side effects caused by dental home bleaching using carbamide peroxide or hydrogen in different concentrations. This case reported and recent literature shows that the available products are similarly effective for vital dental bleaching. However, considering the occurrence of dental sensitivity, the use of hydrogen peroxide-based products promoted higher levels of this symptom when compared to carbamide peroxide. Gingival irritations were also verified during the treatment, regardless the product used. It was concluded that dental bleaching using 10% carbamide peroxide or 6% hydrogen peroxide accomplished with the aid of a tray produces satisfactory results, providing patients a greater selfesteem and pleasure in smiling.

Effects of probiotic Lactobacillus gasseri strains of breast-fed infant in a murine model

The ingestion of probiotic lactic acid bacteria has been evaluated and noted that it has an effect on the balance of desirable microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract. Lactobacillus gasseri demonstrates good survival in the gastrointestinal tract, and it has been associated with a variety of probiotic activities and roles, including the reduction of fecal mutagenic enzymes, the production of bacteriocins and the stimulation of macrophages immunomodulation. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of a pool of L. gasseri strains isolated from the feces of breastfed infants added in the human milk of healthy women. The milk was both pasteurized and unpasteurized, to verify the cell cytotoxicity of macrophages and to quantify the production of immunologic mediators such as IL-4, IL-6, IFN-g, TNF-a, NO and oxygen intermediary compounds (H2O2). The administration of raw human milk and pasteurized human milk to infants is a regular, encouraged practice in units of intensive therapy (UITs) and our present investigation verified the beneficial effect of addition of a pool of L. gasseri to pasteurized human milk (PHML). Our results show that probiotic supplementation helped to maintain cell viability, reduced IL-6 and IFN-γ production and stimulated TNF-α, NO, H2O2, IL-4 production. Nevertheless, the results indicate that the addition of lactobacillus to human milk was not a determinant in the production of TNF-α. L. gasseri added to breast milk did not present a cytotoxic risk, and the addition of L. gasseri to pasteurized milk of human milk bank would benefit newborns that depend on milk banks for the colonization of more desirable microbiota.

Fernando Henrique Cardoso e a dependência da região Amazônica

The goal for this research is to analyse the thinking of Fernando Henrique Cardoso (FHC), to understand his vision about underdevelopment nations and his teses about dependence, in order to comprehend its consequences of his the thinking for the Brazil and primarily to the brazilian Amazon region. Considering that the penetration geographical on Amazon and the history of the region make part of the totality of the process on expansion of the capitalism, in his form, function, rythm and volume of the accumulation occurred also in the other regions of the Brazil (and abroad), we have to study it in this way, showing that is a totality. Then to understand the actions of Cardoso as president, mainly on this region. Bringing this discussion to the social function of the corporations and the many faces of underdevelopment

Encefalopatia hepática: relatório da 1º reunião monotemática da Sociedade Brasileira de Hepatologia

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a functional disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) associated with liver failure, either end-stage chronic liver disease or fulminant hepatic failure. Its pathogenesis remains complex and poorly understood. In view of recent advances in the management of HE, the Brazilian Society of Hepatology endorsed a monothematic meeting regarding HE in order to gather experts in the field to discuss related data and to draw evidence-based recommendations concerning: management of HE and intracranial hypertension in FHF, treatment of episodic HE in cirrhosis, controversies in the management of EH including difficult to treat cases and diagnostic and treatment challenges for minimal HE. The purpose of this review is to summarize the lectures and recommendations made by the panel of experts of the Brazilian Society of Hepatology.

Ziembinski, o encenador dos tempos modernos: a construção de uma trajetória na crítica de Décio de Almeida Prado (1950-1959)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Seguimento de regras nutricionais em crianças com excesso de peso

Foram avaliados efeitos de instruções, treino de relato verbal (TRV) e treino de automonitoração (TA), com e sem a presença do cuidador principal, sobre o seguimento de regras nutricionais em crianças com excesso de peso. Participaram duas crianças (P1: menino de 9 anos; P2: menina de 11 anos) e suas cuidadoras, por meio de entrevistas em ambulatório. Após instruções, P1 manteve e P2 melhorou o conhecimento das orientações nutricionais. Os Índices de adesão à dieta obtidos por P2 foram mais elevados do que os obtidos por P1 em todas as fases. Houve mudança com significância clínica após introdução de TRV em ambos os participantes. Discute-se a eficácia dos procedimentos de intervenção utilizados e a importância da presença do cuidador.

Acetylcysteine for Prevention of Renal Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Coronary and Peripheral Vascular Angiography Main Results From the Randomized Acetylcysteine for Contrast-Induced Nephropathy Trial (ACT)

Background-It remains uncertain whether acetylcysteine prevents contrast-induced acute kidney injury. Methods and Results-We randomly assigned 2308 patients undergoing an intravascular angiographic procedure with at least 1 risk factor for contrast-induced acute kidney injury (age >70 years, renal failure, diabetes mellitus, heart failure, or hypotension) to acetylcysteine 1200 mg or placebo. The study drugs were administered orally twice daily for 2 doses before and 2 doses after the procedure. The allocation was concealed (central Web-based randomization). All analysis followed the intention-to-treat principle. The incidence of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (primary end point) was 12.7% in the acetylcysteine group and 12.7% in the control group (relative risk, 1.00; 95% confidence interval, 0.81 to 1.25; P = 0.97). A combined end point of mortality or need for dialysis at 30 days was also similar in both groups (2.2% and 2.3%, respectively; hazard ratio, 0.97; 95% confidence interval, 0.56 to 1.69; P = 0.92). Consistent effects were observed in all subgroups analyzed, including those with renal impairment. Conclusions-In this large randomized trial, we found that acetylcysteine does not reduce the risk of contrast-induced acute kidney injury or other clinically relevant outcomes in at-risk patients undergoing coronary and peripheral vascular angiography.

Detecting an abnormality in a recovery boiler using dynamic multivariate data analysis with parallel coordinate plots

Data visualization techniques are powerful in the handling and analysis of multivariate systems. One such technique known as parallel coordinates was used to support the diagnosis of an event, detected by a neural network-based monitoring system, in a boiler at a Brazilian Kraft pulp mill. Its attractiveness is the possibility of the visualization of several variables simultaneously. The diagnostic procedure was carried out step-by-step going through exploratory, explanatory, confirmatory, and communicative goals. This tool allowed the visualization of the boiler dynamics in an easier way, compared to commonly used univariate trend plots. In addition it facilitated analysis of other aspects, namely relationships among process variables, distinct modes of operation and discrepant data. The whole analysis revealed firstly that the period involving the detected event was associated with a transition between two distinct normal modes of operation, and secondly the presence of unusual changes in process variables at this time.

Oral immunization with attenuated Salmonella vaccine expressing Escherichia coli O157:H7 intimin gamma triggers both systemic and mucosal humoral immunity in mice

Human infections with EHEC such as O157:H7 have been a great concern for worldwide food-industry surveillance. This pathogen is commonly associated with bloody diarrhea that can evolve to the life-threatening hemolytic uremic syndrome. Animals are the natural reservoir where this pathogen remains asymptomatically, in steps of ingestion and colonization of the bowel. The bacterium is shed in the feces, contaminating the surroundings, including water and food that are directed for human consumption. A major player in this colonization process is intimin, an outer membrane adhesion molecule encoded by the E. coli attachment and effacement (eae) gene that has been shown to be essential for intimate bacterial attachment to eukaryotic host cells. In an attempt to reduce the colonization of animal reservoirs with EHEC O157:H7, we designed a vaccine model to induce an immune response against intimin gamma. The model is based on its recombinant expression in attenuated Salmonella, used as a suitable vaccine vector because of its recognized ability to deliver recombinant antigens and to elicit all forms of immunity: mucosal, systemic, and humoral responses. To test this model, mice were orally immunized with a S. enterica serovar Typhimurium strain carrying the pYA3137eaeA vector, and challenged with E. coli O157:H7. Here we show that immunization induced the production of high levels of specific IgG and IgA antibodies and promoted reduction in the fecal shedding of EHEC after challenge. The live recombinant vaccine reported herein may contribute to the efforts of reducing animal intestinal mucosa colonization.

On the Reaction of Lupulones, Hops beta-Acids, with 1-Hydroxyethyl Radical

Lupulones, hops beta-acids, are one of the main constituents of the hops resin and have an important contribution to the overall bacteriostatic activity of hops during beer brewing. The use of lupulones as natural alternatives to antibiotics is increasing in the food industry and also in bioethanol production. However, lupulones are easy oxidizable and have been shown to be very reactive toward 1-hydroxyethyl radical with apparent bimolecular rate constants close to diffusion control k = 2.9 x 10(8) and 2.6 x 10(8) L mol(-1) s(-1) at 25.0 +/- 0.2 degrees C in ethanol water solution (10% of ethanol (v/v)) as probed by EPR and ESI-IT-MS/MS spin-trapping competitive kinetics, respectively. The free energy change for an electron-transfer mechanism is Delta G degrees = 106 kJ/mol as calculated from the oxidation peak potential experimentally determined for lupulones (1.1 V vs NHE) by cyclic voltammetry and the reported reduction potential for 1-hydroxyethyl radical. The major reaction products identified by LC-ESI-IT-MS/MS and ultrahigh-resolution accurate mass spectrometry (orbitrap FT-MS) are hydroxylated lupulone derivatives and 1-hydroxyethyl radical adducts. The lack of pH dependence for the reaction rate constant, the calculated free energy change for electron transfer, and the main reaction products strongly suggest the prenyl side chains at the hops beta-acids as the reaction centers rather than the beta,beta'-triketone moiety.