集散式束流诊断器件定位系统

在很多束流诊断系统中，步进电机已被广泛的用于束流诊断器件定位的动力驱动。为了实现对步进电机的本地控制、远地控制和集中控制，我们开发了基于86BYG45OB-O2型步进电机的集散式束流诊断器件定位系统。本文全面论述了一个基于半双工RS-485总线集散式控制系统的设计；根据束流诊断器件定位控制系统需求出发，阐明了控制系统的开发背景、基本结构的建立、硬件设计方案和软件的实现。本论文主要包括五部分：第一部分介绍了在兰州放射性核次级束流装置（RIBL）中，束流诊断器件定位的特点和要求。第二部分分析了原有束流诊断定位系统的结构和不足，说明了集散式束流诊断器件定位系统的结构和优点。第三：部分介绍了Rs-232、RS-422和RS-455及RS-485组网中的有关问题。第四部分详细论述了本地控制单元的硬件和软件的设计。第五部分介绍了远地控制单元的软件设计。

基于MSP430F149的智能温度控制系统

随着计算机技术、测量技术以及控制技术的高速发展，越来越多的先进设备、技术和方法应用于控制领域中。在这其中，单片微处理器因其性能的日益提高、价格的不断降低、强有力的性价优势而逐渐凸现其重要的核心地位。而基于它的温度控制器对于大型工业工程和日常生活等领域的应用前景也日趋广阔。本智能温控系统将应用于国家大科学工程HIRFL-CSR中，它以新型低功耗单片机MSP430F149作为核心，并配有键盘和数码管显示组成小型操作系统，可实现数据采集、数据显示、键盘输入和自动控制等功能。本系统可以进行现场监控，也可以通过RS-485与上位机的串行通信，使这套系统可以在上位机上设定控制温度和各个控制参数，实现远程对温度的实时监控。相对传统的温度控制器而言，本设计采用了铂电阻温度测量电路，并通过硬件和软件两方面对采集模块进行优化处理以便提高系统精度。最终实现了在O℃～500℃温控范围内采集精度在士1℃范围内。使得整个系统具有精度高、可靠性较好、电路简单、成本低、体积小、生产调试方便等特点。本文从硬件和软件两个方面详细介绍了构成本系统的各个模块的硬件电路设计·实现功能和软件编程思想，并丛温控系统的硬件和软件方面介绍了一些工程上实用的抗干扰措施。

不同产地牛蒡子药学质量和种子质量比较

目的:考查不同产地牛蒡子药学质量和种子质量。方法:使用相关分析、灰色关联分析对不同产地牛蒡子做出质量评价。结果:以千粒重和牛蒡苷为指标,北镇采集的牛蒡子药学质量最佳;以千粒重、饱满度、发芽率为指标,徐州采集的牛蒡子种子质量最佳。结论:牛蒡子作为药材不同产地样品质量差别不大,而牛蒡子作为植物牛蒡的种子质量差别较大,栽培品种质量较好。

长白山阔叶红松林林地附近湍流特征分析(英文)

2001年8月使用三维超声风温仪(IA-SA 485)测定并分析了中国科学院长白山森林生态系统开放站阔叶红松林样地(12828扙,4224?N,吉林省,中国)林地附近湍流特征。发现林地附近气流具有高度间歇性和不对称性,并为活跃的向上运动主导。垂直方向的湍流受到抑制,其时间尺度和长度尺度都小于水平两个分量的相应值,林地附近的气团呈偏平结构。热力作用对当地湍流产生和维持过程起到了主导作用。图4表3参15。

黄绵土不同形态有机氮径流流失规律

利用不同坡度径流小区 ,在自然降水条件下 ,研究侵蚀泥沙不同形态有机氮的流失规律 ,结果表明 :在 4次产流泥沙中 ,除氨基糖氮含量减少外 ,其它有机形态氮均存在增加趋势 ,以氨态氮含量增加最为显著。随坡度的下降 ,水解全氮、氨态氮和氨基酸氮含量呈增加趋势 ;泥沙中水解全氮、氨基酸氮、氨态氮、非酸水解氮均存在不同程度的富集 ,其富集率随坡度的下降而增大 ,以氨基酸氮富集程度高 ,泥沙中氨基糖态氮反而无富集现象存在 ;当坡度分别为 2 5°、2 0°、15°、10°和 5°时 ,水解全氮流失量分别为 1135 .0、76 3.7、485 .5、313.0和 15 4.4kg/ km2 ,而氨基酸氮流失量则为 2 34.8、182 .7、12 1.1、76 .8和 33.9kg/ km2 ,占水解全氮的 2 0 .6 %～ 2 4.9%。氨态氮流失量为 742 .5、5 0 3.3、32 2 .2、2 0 8.9、97.4kg/ km2 ,占水解全氮的 6 3.1%～ 6 6 .7%。氨基糖氮占酸水解氮 1.1%～ 2 .9%。非鉴别氮占水解全氮的 5 .8%～ 12 .6 %。而酸水解氮与非酸水解氮之比分别为 ...

沈阳市建成区植被环境效益分析

以基于GIS为基础的城市植被分析软件———CITYgreen的要求对沈阳市建成区进行调查,并统计分析,获得沈阳市建成区绿色覆盖现状,各用地类型植被的环境效益以及沈阳市建成区的总体环境效益。结果表明,沈阳市建成区的绿色覆盖(树冠与草地之和)率以绿化类用地最高;植被净化效益的主体为树木覆盖,植被环境效益与树冠覆盖比呈现正相关关系,单位面积的净化效益以绿化用地最高,商业金融用地最低;建成区总碳贮存为199 485.4t,每年的碳存留为879.6478t,O3的去除量为71 283.89kg,SO2的去除量为22 163.97kg,NO2的去除量为40 876.3kg,PM10的去除量为61 494.02kg,CO的去除量为8 149.331kg。该文还对提高环境质量提出建议。

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–12.3Zn–5.8Y–1.4Al alloy

Microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast and heat-treated Mg–12.3Zn–5.8Y–1.4Al (ZYA1261) alloy were investigated. The phase compositions of the as-cast alloy are -Mg, Mg3YZn6 (I-phase), Mg3Y2Zn3 (W-phase), Mg12YZn (Z-phase), Mg24Y5, MgZn and a small quantity of Al-containing phase. The phase compositions change with various heat treatment conditions. The highest Vickers hardness is obtained in the alloy aged at 200 ◦C for 5 h, the transmission electron microscopy indicated that fine scale Z-phase precipitates in the matrix. The tensile properties of the as-cast and heat-treated alloys were reported.

A two-dimensional molybdenum (V) phosphate with covalently bonded transition metal coordination complexes: hydrothermal synthesis and structure characterization of Na-2[{Mn(phen)(2)(H2O)}{Mn(phen)(2)}(3){Mn (Mo12O24)-O-V (HPO4)(6)(PO4)(2)(OH)(6)}] center dot 4H(2)O (phen=1,10-phenanthroline)

An organic-inorganic hybrid molybdenum phosphate, Na-2[{Mn(phen)(2)(H2O)} {Mn(phen)(2)}(3){(MnMo12O24)-O-v (HPO4)(6)(PO4)(2) (OH)(6)}] . 4H(2)O (phen=1,10-phenanthroline), involving molybdenum present in V oxidation state and covalently bonded transition metal coordination complexes, has been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Deep brown-red crystals are formed in the triclinic system, space group P (1) over bar, a=16.581(l)Angstrom, b=18.354(1)Angstrom, c=24.485(2)Angstrom, alpha=80.589(l)degrees, beta=71.279(1)degrees, gamma=67.084(1)degrees, V=6493.8(8)Angstrom(3), Z=2, lambda(MoKalpha)=0.71073Angstrom (R(F)=0.0686 for 29,053 reflections). Data were collected on a Bruker Smart Apex CCD diffractometer at 293 K in the range of 1.76 < theta < 28.06degrees using omega-2theta scans technique. The structure of the title compound may be considered to be based on {Mo6O12(HPO4)(3)(PO4)(OH)(3)} units bonded together with {Mn(phen)(2)} subunits into a two-dimensional network. Two types of tunnels are observed in the solid of the title compound.

淫羊藿甙及其与金属离子配合物的电喷雾多级串联质谱研究

利用电喷雾多级串联质谱 ( ESI-MSn)研究了淫羊藿甙及其与金属离子形成的配合物 ,获得淫羊藿甙的质谱碎裂规律 ;并对淫羊藿甙与铝离子、铁离子形成的配合物结构进行了初步确定。结果表明 :淫羊藿甙与铝离子、铁离子可形成比较稳定的 2∶ 1的配合物

Conformational analysis of 2,2 '-bithiophene under interaction of external electric field defined by point charges

Conformational analysis of 2,2'-bithiophene (BT) under the influence of an electric field (EF) constructed by point charges has been performed by using semi-empirical Austin Model 1 (AM1) and Parametric model number 3 (PM3) calculations. When the EF perpendicular to the molecular conjugation chain is applied, both AM1 and PM3 calculations show an energy increase of the anti-conformation. AM1 predicts that the global minimum shifts to syn-conformation when the EF strength is larger than a critical value. and PM predicts that the local minimum in anti-conformation vanishes. This kind of EF effect has been ascribed to the EF and dipole moment interaction.

Morphology of conductive blend fibers of polyaniline and polyamide-11

Polyaniline (PANI), a member of the intrinsically conducting polymer (ICPs) family, was blended with polyamide-11 (polyco-aminoundecanoyle) in concentrated sulfuric acid. The above solution was used to spin conductive PANI/polyamide-11 fibers by wet-spinning technology. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were employed to study the two-phase morphology of the conductive PANI/polyamide-11 fibers. The micrographs of the cross-section, the axial section and the surface of the monofilament demonstrated that the two blend components were incompatible. The morphology of PANI in the fibers was of fibrillar form, which was valuable for producing conducting channels. The electrical conductivity of the fibers was from 10(-6) to 10(-1) S/cm with the different PANI fraction and the percolation threshold was about 5 wt.%. By comparing the two blend systems of PANI/Polyamide-11 fibers and carbon black filled poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibers, it was shown that the morphology of the conductive component had an influence on electrical conductivity, The former had higher conductivity and lower percolation threshold than the latter. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Melting crystallization behavior of nylon 66

Analysis of isothermal and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of nylon 66 was carried out using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The commonly used Avrami equation and that modified by Jeziorny were used, respectively, to fit the primary stage of isothermal and nonisothermal crystallizations of nylon 66. In the isothermal crystallization process, mechanisms of spherulitic nucleation and growth were discussed. The lateral and folding surface free energies determined from the Lauritzen-Hoffman treatment are sigma = 9.77 erg/cm(2) and sigma (e) = 155.48 erg/cm(2), respectively; and the work of chain folding is q = 33.14 kJ/mol. The nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of nylon 66 was analyzed by using the Mo method combined with the Avrami and Ozawa equations. The average Avrami exponent (n) over bar was determined to be 3.45. The activation energies (DeltaE) were determined to be -485.45 kJ/mol and -331.27 kJ/mol, respectively, for the isothermal and nonisothermal crystallization processes by the Arrhenius and the Kissinger methods.