Gestión de expedientes para ayuntamientos

Aplicació web que pot ser desplegada en qualsevol contenidor d'aplicacions JAVA, sigui o no "FULL-compliant" J2EE. Mostra com amb molt poc codi s'aconsegueix una aplicació que té gestió d'usuaris, permisos, expedients, etcètera. Fins i tot s'ha inclòs la funcionalitat d'emmagatzemar / recuperar fitxers a la base de dades.

A new miracidia hatching device for diagnosing schistosomiasis

It is still imperative to develop a parasitological technique highly sensitive for diagnosing schistosomiasis in epidemiological and individual surveys. A simple and cheap hatching device with a collecting container was manufactured and tested under experimental conditions. Twelve Kato-Katz slides were performed as golden standard for comparison. Quantitative results can be carried out by counting miracidia in a plate and parasite load can be calculated (miracidia/gram of feces). Statistically significant values were higher in the hatching test. More sensitive results, with statistical significance, were achieved using 1.5 g of feces (which corresponds to 36 Kato-Katz slides) than by using the Kato-Katz method. Advantages of this technique and its limitations are presented.

Mosquito traps designed to capture Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) females: preliminary comparison of Adultrap, MosquiTRAP and backpack aspirator efficiency in a dengue-endemic area of Brazil

In this report, the efficiency of Adultrap under field conditions is compared to a CDC backpack aspirator and to MosquiTRAP. An urban dengue-endemic area of Rio de Janeiro was selected to evaluate the efficiency of mosquito traps in capturing Aedes aegypti females. Adultrap and aspirator captured similar numbers of Ae. aegypti females, with the former showing high specificity to gravid individuals (93.6%). A subsequent mark-release-recapture experiment was conducted to evaluate Adultrap and MosquiTRAP efficiency concomitantly. With a 6.34% recapture rate, MosquiTRAP captured a higher mean number of female Ae. aegypti per trap than Adultrap (Ç2 = 14.26; df = 1; p < 0,05). However, some MosquiTRAPs (28.12%) contained immature Ae. aegypti after 18 days of exposure in the field and could be pointed as an oviposition site for female mosquitoes. Both trapping methods, designed to collect gravid Ae. aegypti females, seem to be efficient, reliable and may aid routine Ae. aegypti surveillance.

Tire-breeding mosquitoes of public health importance along an urbanisation gradient in Buenos Aires, Argentina

Used vehicle tires are a source of mosquito vectors and a means of their introduction and expansion. With the aim of assessing the effects of urbanisation on the main mosquito vectors in temperate Argentina, the infestation levels of Aedes aegypti (L.) and Culex pipiens L. were studied in used tires from highly urbanised cities to low-urbanised small towns in Buenos Aires. Immatures of both species accounted for 96% of the 9,722 individuals collected; the total individuals collected represented seven species. The percentage of water-filled tires containing mosquitoes [container index (CI)] was 33% and the percentage of infested sites [site index (SI)] was 65.2%. These indexes decreased significantly from low to high urbanisation levels for both mosquito species. The relative abundance (RA) of Ae. aegypti immatures was slightly higher toward large cities, but showed no difference for Cx. pipiens. The CI of shaded tires was significantly higher than the CI of exposed tires for both mosquito species. There was no difference in RA values between shaded and sunlit tires. The CI and the SI were highest during the summer across the urbanisation levels, except for Cx. pipiens, which continued to increase during the autumn in small towns. Results related to urbanisation gradient, sunlit exposure and seasonality are discussed.

A comparative study of the TF-Test®, Kato-Katz, Hoffman-Pons-Janer, Willis and Baermann-Moraes coprologic methods for the detection of human parasitosis

This study compares the diagnostic accuracy of the TF-Test® (TFT) for human parasitosis with results obtained using the traditional Kato-Katz (KK), Hoffman-Pons-Janer (HPJ), Willis and Baermann-Moraes (BM) techniques. Overall, four stool samples were taken from each individual; three alternate-day TFT stool samples and another sample that was collected in a universal container. Stool samples were taken from 331 inhabitants of the community of Quilombola Santa Cruz. The gold standard (GS) for protozoa detection was defined as the combined results for TFT, HPJ and Willis coproscopic techniques; for helminth detection, GS was defined as the combined results for all five coproscopic techniques (TFT, KK, HPJ, Willis and BM). The positivity rate of each method was compared using the McNemar test. While the TFT exhibited similar positivity rates to the GS for Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (82.4%) and Giardia duodenalis (90%), HPJ and Willis techniques exhibited significantly lower positivity rates for these protozoa. All tests exhibited significantly lower positivity rates compared with GS for the diagnosis of helminths. The KK technique had the highest positivity rate for diagnosing Schistosoma mansoni (74.6%), while the TFT had the highest positivity rates for Ascaris lumbricoides (58.1%) and hookworm (75%); HPJ technique had the highest positivity rate for Strongyloides stercoralis (50%). Although a combination of tests is the most accurate method for the diagnosis of enteral parasites, the TFT reliably estimates the prevalence of protozoa and selected helminths, such as A. lumbricoides and hookworm. Further studies are needed to evaluate the detection accuracy of the TFT in samples with varying numbers of parasites.

El Sector del taxi

Aquest treball és una simple idea de quins són els costos, els ingressos i beneficisd’un taxista. Varem escollir aquest tema perquè ens vem informar avanç sobre elsector del taxi, tal i com ens van dir la demanda d’aquestes havia anat creixent en elsúltims anys. A partir d’aquí nosaltres vem formular la hipòtesi, que es centrava en lademanda de llicències. Per això ens vem pregunta si:És tan rentable l’explotació d’un taxi com per què la demanda d’accés a la professióno cessi?Un cop ja teníem la hipòtesi formulada vem començar a recollir informació. Aquestava ser treta des de institucions públiques com el STAC (Sindicat del Taxi Autònomde Catalunya) o la IMT (Institut Metropolità del Taxi) fins als propis taxistes.El treball està dividit en cinc parts, de les quals les dos primeres són una petitaintroducció al món del taxi i una comparativa amb altres ciutats pel que fa preus inúmeros de llicències. A les altres tres parts, en primer lloc, trobem quins son elscostos que té cada taxista, dividits en inicials, és a dir, sense haver iniciat l’activitat, ien aquells ja iniciada aquesta, en segon lloc, hi ha tot els ingressos que té i per últim,els beneficis, per tant, els ingressos menys els costos calculats en els apartatsanteriors.

VIKI : a semiotic-based system for multilingual knowledge retrieval

Abstract Since its creation, the Internet has permeated our daily life. The web is omnipresent for communication, research and organization. This exploitation has resulted in the rapid development of the Internet. Nowadays, the Internet is the biggest container of resources. Information databases such as Wikipedia, Dmoz and the open data available on the net are a great informational potentiality for mankind. The easy and free web access is one of the major feature characterizing the Internet culture. Ten years earlier, the web was completely dominated by English. Today, the web community is no longer only English speaking but it is becoming a genuinely multilingual community. The availability of content is intertwined with the availability of logical organizations (ontologies) for which multilinguality plays a fundamental role. In this work we introduce a very high-level logical organization fully based on semiotic assumptions. We thus present the theoretical foundations as well as the ontology itself, named Linguistic Meta-Model. The most important feature of Linguistic Meta-Model is its ability to support the representation of different knowledge sources developed according to different underlying semiotic theories. This is possible because mast knowledge representation schemata, either formal or informal, can be put into the context of the so-called semiotic triangle. In order to show the main characteristics of Linguistic Meta-Model from a practical paint of view, we developed VIKI (Virtual Intelligence for Knowledge Induction). VIKI is a work-in-progress system aiming at exploiting the Linguistic Meta-Model structure for knowledge expansion. It is a modular system in which each module accomplishes a natural language processing task, from terminology extraction to knowledge retrieval. VIKI is a supporting system to Linguistic Meta-Model and its main task is to give some empirical evidence regarding the use of Linguistic Meta-Model without claiming to be thorough.

Caution on the storage of waters and aqueous solutions in plastic containers for hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope analysis

RATIONALE The choice of containers for storage of aqueous samples between their collection, transport and water hydrogen (2H) and oxygen (18O) stable isotope analysis is a topic of concern for a wide range of fields in environmental, geological, biomedical, food, and forensic sciences. The transport and separation of water molecules during water vapor or liquid uptake by sorption or solution and the diffusive transport of water molecules through organic polymer material by permeation or pervaporation may entail an isotopic fractionation. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the extent of such fractionation. METHODS Sixteen bottle-like containers of eleven different organic polymers, including low and high density polyethylene (LDPE and HDPE), polypropylene (PP), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and perfluoroalkoxy-Teflon (PFA), of different wall thickness and size were completely filled with the same mineral water and stored for 659?days under the same conditions of temperature and humidity. Particular care was exercised to keep the bottles tightly closed and prevent loss of water vapor through the seals. RESULTS Changes of up to +5 parts per thousand for d2H values and +2.0 parts per thousand for d18O values were measured for water after more than 1?year of storage within a plastic container, with the magnitude of change depending mainly on the type of organic polymer, wall thickness, and container size. The most important variations were measured for the PET and PC bottles. Waters stored in glass bottles with Polyseal (TM) cone-lined PP screw caps and thick-walled HDPE or PFA containers with linerless screw caps having an integrally molded inner sealing ring preserved their original d2H and d18O values. The carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen stable isotope compositions of the organic polymeric materials were also determined. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study clearly show that for precise and accurate measurements of the water stable isotope composition in aqueous solutions, rigorous sampling and storage procedures are needed both for laboratory standards and for unknown samples. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Determination of bacterial quantity by sonication in vacum-assisted closure (VAC) foams used for treatment of chronic wounds

Background: Negative pressure wound treatment is increasingly used through a Vacuum-Assisted Closure (VAC) device in complex wound situations. For this purpose, sterile polyurethane (PU) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) foam dressings are fitted to the wound size and covered with an adhesive drape to create an airtight seal. Little information exists about the type and quantity of microorganisms within the foams. Therefore, we investigated VAC foams after removal from the wound using a validated method (sonication) to detect the bacterial bioburden in the foam consisting as microbial biofilms.Methods: We prospectively included VAC foams (PU and PVA, KCI, Rümlamg, Switzerland) without antibacterial additions (e.g. silver), which were removed from wounds in patients with chronic ulcers from January 2007 through December 2008. Excluded were patients with acute wound infection, necrotizing fasciitis, underlying osteomyelitis or implant. Removed foams from regular changes of dressing were aseptically placed in a container with 100 ml sterile Ringer's solution. Within 4 hours after removal, foams were sonicated for 5 min at 40 kHz (as described in NEJM 2007;357:654). The resulting sonication fluid was cultured at 37°C on aerobic blood agar plates for 5 days. Microbes were quantified as No. of colony-forming units (CFU)/ml sonication fluid and identified to the species level.Results: A total of 68 foams (38 PU and 30 PVA) from 55 patients were included in the study (median age 71 years; range 33-88 years, 57% were man). Foams were removed from the following anatomic sites: sacrum (n=29), ischium (n=18), heel (n=13), calves (n=6) and ankle (n=2). The median duration of being in place was 3 days (range, 1-8 days). In all 68 foams, bacteria were found in large quantities (median 105 CFU/ml, range 102-7 CFU/ml sonication fluid. No differences were found between PU and PVA foams. One type of organisms was found in 11 (16%), two in 17 (24%) and 3 or more in 40 (60%) foams. Gram-negative rods (Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumanii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) were isolated in 70%, followed by Staphylococcus aureus (20%), koagulase-negative staphylococci, streptococci (8%), and enterococci (2%).Conclusion: With sonication, a high density of bacteria present in VAC foams was demonstrated after a median of 3 days. Future studies are needed to investigate whether antimicrobial-impregnated foams can reduce the bacterial load in foams and potentially improve wound healing.

Estimativa de entropia de Muscina stabulans (Fallén) (Diptera, Muscidae) em condições artificiais

Estimativa de entropia de Muscina stabulans (Fallén) (Diptera, Muscidae) em condições artificiais. O conceito de entropia (H) foi adaptado da mecânica estatística para a demografia para quantificar o impacto da mortalidade na expectativa de vida e demonstrar quantitativamente a tendência da mortalidade em populações experimentais. Isto foi verificado para 160 casais de Muscina stabulans (Fallén, 1817) mantidos em câmara climatizada a 24,8ºC ± 0,6ºC, umidade relativa do ar entre 70 e 80% e fotofase de 12 horas. Nestas condições, machos e fêmeas apresentaram valores de H intermediários aos valores teóricos de H = 0 e H = 0,5 demonstrando que para esta espécie, a curva de sobrevivência é do tipo retangular. A distribuição da mortalidade por idade específica indicou que a força desse parâmetro age de dois modos sobre os adultos desta espécie. Em um, a mortalidade tem maior força nos intervalos compreendidos entre a emergência dos adultos e o 10º dia após este processo. No segundo modo, a força de mortalidade é maior entre o 20º e 30º dias após a emergência, sendo que pequenas variações na mortalidade causam maior impacto na sobrevivência das fêmeas do que nos machos.

Deposições rituais de vasos cerâmicos em contextos domésticos: os exemplares do povoado calcolítico fortificado do Outeiro Redondo (Sesimbra)

A identificação de dois recipientes colocados ritualmente em posição invertida, conotáveis com a derradeira fase de ocupação do povoado calcolítico do Outeiro Redondo (Sesimbra), e deste modo com uma cerimónia de abandono do próprio sítio arqueológico, conduziu à procura de exemplos comparáveis. Tal procura estendeu‑se, depois, às evidências de utilização ritual, em contextos habitacionais, de recipientes cerâmicos, desde a época a que pertencem os exemplares em causa, até ao Período Romano. Teve‑se ainda em consideração o contributo da Etnografia e da Arqueologia africana, através da experiência do signatário, relacionada com intervenção arqueológica que dirigiu em unidade doméstica do século XVII/XVIII da ilha de São Vicente (República de Cabo Verde). Sem se pretender assumir a continuidade desta prática ritual no actual território português, desde o Calcolítico até pelo menos à Época Romana, por poder tratar‑se de uma simples convergência, recorrentemente verificada ao longo da Idade do Bronze e do Ferro. Como se deverá interpretar o achado do Outeiro Redondo? As evidências assinaladas através do uso ritual de recipientes cerâmicos em contextos habitacionais podem ter um significado ligado ao próprio quotidiano, como no povoado de Fraga da Pena (Fornos de Algodres). Aquelas afiguram‑se, contudo, mais abundantes e expressivas no que se refere quer às práticas de natureza fundacional, quer às relacionadas com o abandono; por vezes, dada a presença de aves sacrificadas, tais rituais poderiam também revestir uma função propiciatória, que não é incompatível com as duas funções mencionadas, também elas não incompatíveis entre si.

Deposições rituais de vasos cerâmicos em contextos domésticos: os exemplares do povoado calcolítico fortificado do Outeiro Redondo (Sesimbra)

A identificação de dois recipientes colocados ritualmente em posição invertida, conotáveis com a derradeira fase de ocupação do povoado calcolítico do Outeiro Redondo (Sesimbra), e deste modo com uma cerimónia de abandono do próprio sítio arqueológico, conduziu à procura de exemplos comparáveis. Tal procura estendeu‑se, depois, às evidências de utilização ritual, em contextos habitacionais, de recipientes cerâmicos, desde a época a que pertencem os exemplares em causa, até ao Período Romano. Teve‑se ainda em consideração o contributo da Etnografia e da Arqueologia africana, através da experiência do signatário, relacionada com intervenção arqueológica que dirigiu em unidade doméstica do século XVII/XVIII da ilha de São Vicente (República de Cabo Verde). Sem se pretender assumir a continuidade desta prática ritual no actual território português, desde o Calcolítico até pelo menos à Época Romana, por poder tratar‑se de uma simples convergência, recorrentemente verificada ao longo da Idade do Bronze e do Ferro. Como se deverá interpretar o achado do Outeiro Redondo? As evidências assinaladas através do uso ritual de recipientes cerâmicos em contextos habitacionais podem ter um significado ligado ao próprio quotidiano, como no povoado de Fraga da Pena (Fornos de Algodres). Aquelas afiguram‑se, contudo, mais abundantes e expressivas no que se refere quer às práticas de natureza fundacional, quer às relacionadas com o abandono; por vezes, dada a presença de aves sacrificadas, tais rituais poderiam também revestir uma função propiciatória, que não é incompatível com as duas funções mencionadas, também elas não incompatíveis entre si.

Uudistuminen konsulttityön haasteena

Artikkelissa käsitellään konsulttityötä laajasti uudistamistyötä tukevana luovana asenteena ja suhtautumisena, jossa ns. container-orientaatio on keskeinen

Variabilidade espacial de atributos físicos de um latossolo vermelho-amarelo, sob lavoura cafeeira

O conhecimento da variabilidade dos atributos físicos do solo é importante para o monitoramento da qualidade do solo, pois eles estão diretamente relacionados com a sustentabilidade da produção agrícola. Este estudo teve como objetivos avaliar e identificar as estruturas de dependência espacial, por meio da construção de semivariogramas, num Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo (LVA), sob lavoura cafeeira; caracterizar as distribuições espaciais dos atributos físicos pela krigagem ordinária; e identificar a camada com maior impedimento físico. O experimento foi conduzido num LVA textura muito argilosa na Fazenda da Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais, em Patrocínio, MG. A amostragem foi realizada em trincheiras confeccionadas nas intersecções de uma malha retangular de 40 x 150 m, perfazendo um total de 28 pontos, de onde foram coletadas amostras indeformadas em anéis metálicos de 2,54 cm de altura e 6,30 cm de diâmetro, com auxílio do amostrador tipo Uhland. Cada trincheira possuía três degraus de 2,0 x 1,5 m de superfície, nas camadas de 0,00; 0,10; e 0,25 m, onde se coletaram sete amostras indeformadas em cada degrau, dispostas em forma matricial, totalizando 588 amostras. Os atributos físicos do solo apresentaram estrutura de dependência espacial em todas as camadas, exceto a porosidade total. A técnica de krigagem ordinária demonstrou ser alternativa viável para a estimativa de dados em pontos não amostrados na área experimental. A camada de 0,00-0,03 m apresentou maior impedimento físico ao crescimento de raízes, por apresentar maior densidade e menor macroporosidade do solo.