Assessment of IVHS countermeasures for collision avoidance: rear-end crashes.

Mode of access: Internet.

Development of vehicle rollover maneuver. Volume I. Final report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

Development of vehicle rollover maneuver. Volume II. Executive summary report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

Vehicle design optimization system user manual. Final report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

A study of bicycle/motor-vehicle accidents: identification of problem types and countermeasure approaches. Volume 1--text. Final report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

Collision avoidance and accident survivability. Volume 1: collision threat. Final report.

Transportation Systems Center, Cambridge, Mass.

Variable dynamic testbed vehicle study. Volume I: executive summary. Final report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

Statistical analyses of commercial vehicle accident factors. Volume I - technical report. Final report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

Pedestrian model parametric studies. Interim report, volume II - vehicle design optimization program.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

Modelling and improving maintenance decisions:Having foresight with simulation and artificial intelligence

Machine breakdowns are one of the main sources of disruption and throughput fluctuation in highly automated production facilities. One element in reducing this disruption is ensuring that the maintenance team responds correctly to machine failures. It is, however, difficult to determine the current practice employed by the maintenance team, let alone suggest improvements to it. 'Knowledge based improvement' is a methodology that aims to address this issue, by (a) eliciting knowledge on current practice, (b) evaluating that practice and (c) looking for improvements. The methodology, based on visual interactive simulation and artificial intelligence methods, and its application to a Ford engine assembly facility are described. Copyright © 2002 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.

Voltage control on an uninhabited autonomous vehicle electrical distribution system

More-electric vehicle technology is becoming prevalent in a number of transportation systems because of its ability to improve efficiency and reduce costs. This paper examines the specific case of an Uninhabited Autonomous Vehicle (UAV), and the system topology and control elements required to achieve adequate dc distribution voltage bus regulation. Voltage control methods are investigated and a droop control scheme is implemented on the system. Simulation results are also presented.

Adaptive congestion control for DSRC vehicle networks

Dedicated short range communications (DSRC) was proposed for collaborative safety applications (CSA) in vehicle communications. In this article we propose two adaptive congestion control schemes for DSRC-based CSA. A cross-layer design approach is used with congestion detection at the MAC layer and traffic rate control at the application layer. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed rate control scheme for adapting to dynamic traffic loads.

Adaptive rate control of dedicated short range communications based vehicle networks for road safety applications

Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) is a promising technique for vehicle ad-hoc network (VANET) and collaborative road safety applications. As road safety applications require strict quality of services (QoS) from the VANET, it is crucial for DSRC to provide timely and reliable communications to make safety applications successful. In this paper we propose two adaptive message rate control algorithms for low priority safety messages, in order to provide highly available channel for high priority emergency messages while improve channel utilization. In the algorithms each vehicle monitors channel loads and independently controls message rate by a modified additive increase and multiplicative decrease (AIMD) method. Simulation results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed rate control algorithms in adapting to dynamic traffic load.

Two-phases control of DSRC Vehicle networks for road intersection coexisting safety applications

In this paper we propose a two phases control method for DSRC vehicle networks at road intersection, where multiple road safety applications may coexist. We consider two safety applications, emergency safety application with high priority and routine safety applications with low priority. The control method is designed to provide high availability and low latency for emergency safety applications while leave as much as possible bandwidth for routine applications. It is expected to be capable of adapting to changing network conditions. In the first phase of the method we use a simulation based offline approach to find out the best configurations for message rate and MAC layer parameters for given numbers of vehicles. In the second phase we use the configurations identified by simulations at roadside access point (AP) for system operation. A utilization function is proposed to balance the QoS performances provided to multiple safety applications. It is demonstrated that the proposed method can largely improve the system performance when compared to fixed control method.

Adaptive congestion control of DSRC vehicle networks for collaborative road safety applications

Congestion control is critical for the provisioning of quality of services (QoS) over dedicated short range communications (DSRC) vehicle networks for road safety applications. In this paper we propose a congestion control method for DSRC vehicle networks at road intersection, with the aims of providing high availability and low latency channels for high priority emergency safety applications while maximizing channel utilization for low priority routine safety applications. In this method a offline simulation based approach is used to find out the best possible configurations of message rate and MAC layer backoff exponent (BE) for a given number of vehicles equipped with DSRC radios. The identified best configurations are then used online by an roadside access point (AP) for system operation. Simulation results demonstrated that this adaptive method significantly outperforms the fixed control method under varying number of vehicles. The impact of estimation error on the number of vehicles in the network on system level performance is also investigated.