Effect of an acute β-adrenergic blockade on the blood glucose response during lactate minimum test

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between blood lactate and glucose during an incremental test after exercise induced lactic acidosis, under normal and acute β-adrenergic blockade. Eight fit males (cyclists or triathletes) performed a protocol to determine the intensity corresponding to the individual equilibrium point between lactate entry and removal from the blood (incremental test after exercise induced lactic acidosis), determined from the blood lactate (Lacmin) and glucose (Glucmin) response. This protocol was performed twice in a double-blind randomized order by ingesting either propranolol (80 mg) or a placebo (dextrose), 120 min prior to the test. The blood lactate and glucose concentration obtained 7 minutes after anaerobic exercise (Wingate test) was significantly lower (p<0.01) with the acute β-adrenergic blockade (9.1±1.5 mM; 3.9±0.1 mM), respectively than in the placebo condition (12.4±1.8 mM; 5.0±0.1 mM). There was no difference (p>0.05) between the exercise intensity determined by Lacmin (212.1±17.4 W) and Glucmin (218.2±22.1 W) during exercise performed without acute β-adrenergic blockade. The exercise intensity at Lacmin was lowered (p<0.05) from 212.1±17.4 to 181.0±15.6 W and heart rate at Lacmin was reduced (p<0.01) from 161.2±8.4 to 129.3±6.2 beats min-1 as a result of the blockade. It was not possible to determine the exercise intensity corresponding to Glucmin with β-adrenergic blockade, since the blood glucose concentration presented a continuous decrease during the incremental test. We concluded that the similar pattern response of blood lactate and glucose during an incremental test after exercise induced lactic acidosis, is not present during β-adrenergic blockade suggesting that, at least in part, this behavior depends upon adrenergic stimulation.

Pre-task music improves swimming performance

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of pre--task music on swimming performance and other psychological variables. A randomized counterbalanced within--subjects (experimental and control condition) design was employed. Eighteen regional level male swimmers performed two 200m freestyle swimming time trials. Participants were exposed to either 5min of self--selected music (pre--task music condition) or 5min of silence (control condition) and, after 1 minute, performed the swimming task. Swimming time was significantly shorter (--1.44%) in the pre--task music condition. Listening to pre--task music increased motivation to perform the swimming task, while arousal remained unchanged. While fatigue increased after the swimming task in both conditions, vigour, ratings of perceived exertion and affective valence were unaltered. It is concluded, for the first time, that pre--task music improves swimming performance.

Older people's perspectives on participation in physical activity: a systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative literature

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Running-based anaerobic sprint test as a procedure to evaluate anaerobic power

The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of the running anaerobic sprint test (RAST) as a predictor of anaerobic capacity, compare it to the maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAOD) and to compare the RAST's parameters with the parameters of 30-s all-out tethered running on a treadmill. 39 (17.0±1.4 years) soccer players participated in this study. The participants underwent an incremental test, 10 submaximal efforts [50-95% of velocity correspondent to VO2MAX (vVO2MAX)] and one supramaximal effort at 110% of vVO2MAX for the determination of MAOD. Furthermore, the athletes performed the RAST. In the second stage the 30-s all-out tethered running was performed on a treadmill (30-s all-out), and compared with RAST. No significant correlation was observed between MAOD and RAST parameters. However, significant correlations were found between the power of the fifth effort (P5) of RAST with peak and mean power of 30-s all-out (r=0.73 and 0.50; p<0.05, respectively). In conclusion, the parameters from RAST do not have an association with MAOD, suggesting that this method should not be used to evaluate anaerobic capacity. Although the correlations between RAST parameters with 30-s all-out do reinforce the RAST as an evaluation method of anaerobic metabolism, such as anaerobic power.

Reabilitação física após transplante cardíaco

A saúde e a qualidade de vida do homem podem ser preservadas e aprimoradas pela prática regular de atividade física. Assim o exercício físico tem sido cada vez mais recomendado como uma alternativa no tratamento e/ou prevenção de inúmeras doenças tais como hipertensão, doença vascular, obesidade, diabetes, osteoporose, entre outras condições clinicas. No Brasil, as doenças cardiovasculares são responsáveis por cerca de 30% de todos os óbitos, sendo o infarto agudo do miocárdio a sua principal causa. Diferentes associações de saúde no mundo, como o American College of Sports Medicine, o Nation Institutes of Health, a Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia, entre outras; recomendam a prática regular de atividade física para a prevenção e reabilitação de doenças cardiovasculares e outras doenças crônicas. Segundo a Organização Mundial de Saúde, reabilitação cardíaca é o somatório das atividades necessárias para garantir aos pacientes de cardiopatia as melhores condições física, mental e social que eles consigam, pelo próprio esforço, reconquistar uma posição normal na comunidade e levar uma vida ativa e produtiva. Os programas de reabilitação cardíaca têm objetivos profiláticos e terapêuticos. Entretanto, existem poucos relatos de programas de reabilitação e condicionamento físico pós-transplante cardíaco no Brasil. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho é realizar uma revisão de literatura demonstrando o papel da prática regular de atividade física na reabilitação e condicionamento físico após o transplante cardíaco

Papel do tecido adiposo perivascular em aorta de ratos treinados e alimentados com dieta hiperlipídica

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Efeitos do treinamento físico sobre o estresse oxidativo em fígado e pâncreas de ratos diabéticos

Pós-graduação em Ciências da Motricidade - IBRC

Papel do exercício físico na regulação da proteína rock em camundongos obesos: efeitos sobre sinalização da insulina e homeostase da glicose

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Prática supervisionada de exercícios físicos durante o tratamento regular com estatinas de pacientes da atenção básica: caracterização, aderência e delimitação das respostas musculares

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Níveis plasmáticos de nitrito/nitrato, GMPc e cortisol em mulheres normotensas e hipertensas após a menopausa: efeito crônico do exercício físico e exposição aguda à L-arginina

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Prática de atividades físicas, doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e mortalidade entre adultos usuários da atenção primária do sistema público de saúde de Bauru, São Paulo: estudo longitudinal

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Densidade mineral óssea, exercício físico no lazer e composição corporal em mulheres pós-menopausa: estudo com usuárias do Sistema Único de Saúde

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Evaluation of the best-designed graded exercise test to assess peak treadmill speed

This study examined the influence of different speed increments during treadmill exercise tests on peak treadmill speed (Vpeak) and its relationship with a 1-h treadmill running performance. 18 male recreational and amateur runners (10-km running pace: 10–15 km·h−1) performed, in an alternate order, 3 continuous incremental exercise tests with different speed increments (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 km·h−1) on a motorized treadmill to determine Vpeak. Thereafter they undertook a 1-h time trial on a treadmill. Vpeak was determined as either (a) the highest speed that could be maintained for a complete minute (Vpeak-60 s), (b) the speed of the last complete stage (Vpeak-C), or (c) the speed of the last complete stage added to the product of the speed increment and the completed fraction of the incomplete stage (Vpeak-P). The Vpeak values were highly influenced by the different speed-incremented rates and the Vpeak-P determined during the protocol comprising speed increments of 1 km·h−1 presented the highest correlation with 1-h time trial performance (r=0.89). The results suggest that a protocol with speed increments comprising 1 km·h−1 and with a 3-min stage duration should be used as standard for the determination of Vpeak to assess aerobic fitness and predict endurance performance in recreational runners. Furthermore, the Vpeak-P should be used for the determination of Vpeak.

Task complexity reveals expertise of table tennis players

AIM: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of intensive practice in table-­tennis on perceptual, decision-­making and motor-­systems. Groups of elite (HL=11), intermediate (LL=6) and control (CC=11) performed tasks of different levels. METHODS: All subjects underwent to reaction-­time-­test and response-­time-­test consisting of a pointing task to targets placed at distinct distances (15 and 25-­cm) on the right and left sides. The ball speed test in forehand and backhand condition just for HL and LL group. RESULTS: In CC group reaction time was higher compared to HL (P< 0.05) group. In the response-­time-­test, there was a significant main effect of distance (P< 0.0001) and the tennis-­table expertise (P= 0.011). In the ball speed test the HL were constantly faster compared to the LL in both forehand stroke (P< 0.0001) and backhand stroke (P< 0.0001). Overall, the forehand stroke was significantly faster than the backhand stroke. CONCLUSION: We can conclude that table-­tennis-­players have shorter response-­times than non-­athletes and the tasks of reaction-­time and response-­time are incapable to distinguish the performance of well-­trained table tennis players of the intermediate player, but the ball speed test seems be able to do it.