Adenosine A1 receptor-mediated inhibition of in vitro prolactin secretion from the rat anterior pituitary

In previous studies, we demonstrated biphasic purinergic effects on prolactin (PRL) secretion stimulated by an adenosine A2 agonist. In the present study, we investigated the role of the activation of adenosine A1 receptors by (R)-N6-(2-phenylisopropyl)adenosine (R-PIA) at the pituitary level in in vitro PRL secretion. Hemipituitaries (one per cuvette in five replicates) from adult male rats were incubated. Administration of R-PIA (0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10 µM) induced a reduction of PRL secretion into the medium in a U-shaped dose-response curve. The maximal reduction was obtained with 0.1 µM R-PIA (mean ± SEM, 36.01 ± 5.53 ng/mg tissue weight (t.w.)) treatment compared to control (264.56 ± 15.46 ng/mg t.w.). R-PIA inhibition (0.01 µM = 141.97 ± 15.79 vs control = 244.77 ± 13.79 ng/mg t.w.) of PRL release was blocked by 1 µM cyclopentyltheophylline, a specific A1 receptor antagonist (1 µM = 212.360 ± 26.560 ng/mg t.w.), whereas cyclopentyltheophylline alone (0.01, 0.1, 1 µM) had no effect. R-PIA (0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1 µM) produced inhibition of PRL secretion stimulated by both phospholipase C (0.5 IU/mL; 977.44 ± 76.17 ng/mg t.w.) and dibutyryl cAMP (1 mM; 415.93 ± 37.66 ng/mg t.w.) with nadir established at the dose of 0.1 µM (225.55 ± 71.42 and 201.9 ± 19.08 ng/mg t.w., respectively). Similarly, R-PIA (0.01 µM) decreased (242.00 ± 24.00 ng/mg t.w.) the PRL secretion stimulated by cholera toxin (0.5 mg/mL; 1050.00 ± 70.00 ng/mg t.w.). In contrast, R-PIA had no effect (468.00 ± 34.00 ng/mg t.w.) on PRL secretion stimulation by pertussis toxin (0.5 mg/mL; 430.00 ± 26.00 ng/mg t.w.). These results suggest that inhibition of PRL secretion after A1 receptor activation by R-PIA is mediated by a Gi protein-dependent mechanism.

5-Bromo-2’-deoxyuridine induces visible morphological alteration in the DNA puffs of the anterior salivary gland region of Bradysia hygida (Diptera, Sciaridae)

5-Bromo-2’-deoxyuridine (BrdUrd) has long been known to interfere with cell differentiation. We found that treatment ofBradysia hygida larvae with BrdUrd during DNA puff anlage formation in the polytene chromosomes of the salivary gland S1 region noticeably affects anlage morphology. However, it does not affect subsequent metamorphosis to the adult stage. The chromatin of the chromosomal sites that would normally form DNA puffs remains very compact and DNA puff expansion does not occur with administration of 4 to 8 mM BrdUrd. Injection of BrdUrd at different ages provoked a gradient of compaction of the DNA puff chromatin, leading to the formation of very small to almost normal puffs. By immunodetection, we show that the analogue is preferentially incorporated into the DNA puff anlages. When BrdUrd is injected in a mixture with thymidine, it is not incorporated into the DNA, and normal DNA puffs form. Therefore, incorporation of this analogue into the amplified DNA seems to be the cause of this extreme compaction. Autoradiographic experiments and silver grains counting showed that this treatment decreases the efficiency of RNA synthesis at DNA puff anlages.

Resolución N° 127 ¿Son aplicables por analogía las disposiciones del artículo 189 y 190 del código de comercio a las reuniones y actas de Junta directiva?¿Cuál es el alcance que debe tener la revisión de las actas por parte de la Cámara de Comercio Bogotá? El nombramiento de nuevo gerente y renuncia del anterior debe ser expresado con claridad en el acta.

Servicios registrales

Resolución N° 218 ¿Puede una ley posterior configurar situaciones jurídicas constituidas bajo una ley anterior?

Servicios registrales

X-ray diffraction studies of muscle : observations on the anterior byssus retractor muscle of Mytilus edulis and the insect flight muscle from Sarcophaga bullata

The interfilament spacing of the anterior byssus retractor muscle from Mytilus edulis was studied as the muscle was extended. It was found that variations in this spacing were very small and consistent with the hypothesis that the interfilament spacing was independent of the extension of the muscle. It was observed that the interfilament spacing was dependent on the osmolarity of the bathing medium. In concentrated solutions of the artificial seawater, the interfilament spacing decreased; while in dilute solutions of artificial seawater, it was observed that the interfilament spacing was increasing. X-ray diffraction patterns were obtained from fresh, and glutaraldehyde fixed, specimens of insect flight muscle from Sarcophaga bullata. There patterns were in general agreement with previous X-ray diffraction studies of insect flight muscle. A reflexion G at 93A was observed and interpreted as arising from diffraction in the mitochondria. Specimens of dried insect flight muscle produced a diffraction pattern consisting of arc and ring reflexions. This was interpreted as suggesting an ordered arrangement of cristae, in the mitochondria from these muscles.

Decreased motor unit firing rate in the potentiated tibialis anterior in humans

With repeated activity, force production, rate of force production, and relaxation time are impaired. These are characteristics ofa fatigued muscle (Vandenboom, 2004). However, brief bouts of near maximal to maximal activity results in the increased ability of the muscle to generate force, termed post activation potentiation (P AP)(V andervoort et aI., 1983). The purpose of the present study was to characterize motor unit firing rate (MUFR) in the unfatigued, potentiated tibialis anterior (TA). Using a quadrifilar needle electrode, MUFR was measured during a 5s 50% MVC in which the TA was either potentiated or unpotentiated; monopolar electrodes measured surface parameters. A lOs MVC was used to potentiate the muscle. Firing rate decreased significantly from 20.15±2.9Opps to 18.27±2.99pps, while mean power frequency decreased significantly from 60. 13±7.75 Hz to 53.62±8.56 Hz. No change in root mean square (RMS) was observed. Therefore, in the present study, MUFR decreases in response to a potentiated TA.

Reliability of muscle fiber conduction velocity in the tibialis anterior

This document could not have been completed without the hard work of a number of individuals. First and foremost, my supervisor, Dr. David Gabriel deserves the utmost recognition for the immense effort and time spent guiding the production of this document through the various stages of completion. Also, aiding in the data collection, technical support, and general thought processing were Lab Technician Greig Inglis and fellow members of the Electromyographic Kinesiology Laboratory Jon Howard, Sean Lenhardt, Lara Robbins, and Corrine Davies-Schinkel. The input of Drs. Ted Clancy, Phil Sullivan and external examiner Dr. Anita Christie, all members ofthe assessment committee, was incredibly important and vital to the completion of this work. Their expertise provided a strong source of knowledge and went to ensure that this project was completed at exemplary level. There were a number of other individuals who were an immense help in getting this project off the ground and completed. The donation of their time and efforts was very generous and much needed in order to fulfill the requirements needed for completion of this study. Finally, I cannot exclude the contributions of my family throughout this project especially that of my parents whose support never wavers.

Cambios verticales de pacientes en crecimiento con mordida abierta anterior tratados con trampa con espolones y arco palatino con barril de acrílico

Tesis ( Maestría en Ciencias Odontológicas con Especialidad en Ortodoncia) U.A.N.L.

Causa mandada instruir de orden del supremo gobierno al ciudadano general Felipe B. Berriozábal, a pedimento suyo, para depurar suconducta militar, con motivo del descalabro que sufrieron las fuerzas que estaban en Toluca á sus ordenes, el día 9 de diciembre del año anterior.

UANL

Memoria que la dirección de colonización é industria presentó al Ministerio de Relaciones en 17 de enero de 1852, sobre el estado de estos ramos el año anterior

UANL

El Código civil español, según la edición oficial, anotado y concordado con la anterior legislación y jurisprudencia española y los códigos extranjeros

UANL

Código de comercio de 1885, comentado y concordado con el anterior y los extranjeros

UANL

Guía de práctica clínica sobre diagnóstico y manejo de las rupturas agudas del ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA)

Desarrollo y redacción de una guía basada en la mejor evidencia disponible sobre el diagnóstico y manejo de la ruptura aguda del ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) para asistir a la toma de decisiones para controlar la variabilidad en los procesos clínicos de diagnóstico y manejo de dicha patología. Se definió el grupo de desarrollo de la guía (GDG) y de acuerdo con la metodología desarrollada en el Centro de Estudios del Hospital según convocatoria del Ministerio de Salud, se cumplieron las siguientes etapas : Priorización, definición de foco y alcance, formulación de las preguntas clínicas relevantes al estado del arte y puntos de controversia actual en el tema a tratar (Metodología PECOT), revisión sistemática de la literatura, síntesis de la evidencia, evaluación y graduación de acuerdo con la metodología "GRADE" y las platillas propuestas por SIGN. Por consenso se definieron las recomendaciones de acuerdo con la metodología GRADE. Se presenta una Guía de Práctica Clínica (GPC), que responde las preguntas: enfoque de hemartrosis, indicaciones quirúrgicas, terapia física preoperatoria, profilaxis antitrombótica, tipo de injerto, anestésicos intrarticulares, lesiones asociadas, posición del túnel femoral, reconstrucción de uno contra dos haces. De acuerdo con la evidencia encontrada se formulan doce recomendaciones ajustadas al nivel de evidencia. La presente GPC corresponde a un piloto de una metodología para desarrollo de GPC aprobabda para uso a nivel nacional y al primer producto sobre este tema en la literatura encontrada.

Effect of arousal increase in predictable and random task switching : Evidence for the involvement of the anterior attentional network in random but not in predictable task switching

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n

Complicaciones postoperatorias tempranas de la colporrafia anterior por técnica tradicional versus técnica de sitio específico

El prolapso del piso pélvico es una entidad frecuente, especialmente en pacientes postmenopáusicas y en su gran mayoría requiere tratamiento quirúrgico. En este estudio comparamos la aparición de complicaciones postoperatorias tempranas entre la colporrafia anterior con técnica clásica (TC) versus la colporrafia anterior con técnica de sitio especifico (CSE). Se realizó un estudio observacional analítico, retrospectivo, de dos cohortes de pacientes que requirieron colporrafia anterior entre agosto de 2009 hasta junio de 2012. Las características de cada grupo fueron homogéneas y comparables. El desenlace de mayor frecuencia fue dehiscencia de la línea de sutura, sin embargo, no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las dos técnicas. La aparición de reprolapso temprano y el diagnóstico de abscesos o hematomas presentaron frecuencias que carecen de diferencia significativa. No hubo complicaciones tempranas graves tales como sangrado intraoperatoria mayor o lesiones vesicouretrales. Los resultados sugieren que las dos técnicas tienen una incidencia baja de complicaciones postoperatorias tempranas y por lo tanto parecen ser seguros dentro del manejo quirúrgico del prolapso del componente anterior del piso pélvico.