A atuação do enfermeiro no combate à dengue e a febre chikungunya: estudo comparativo nos municípios de Parnamirim e Santa Cruz/RN

The research aimed to analyze the role of nurses in the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in the control of Dengue and Chikungunya fever in the cities of Parnamirim and Santa Cruz. It is exploratory and descriptive nature of research, with a qualitative approach, which was developed with nurses of the Family Health Strategy in the municipalities of Parnamirim and Santa Cruz. All research process followed the ethical standards laid out research in Resolution No. 466/2012 of the National Health Council about research involving human beings. Data collection was performed using a semi-structured questionnaire with open and closed questions, organized into three parts: the profile of respondents, knowledge of the disease (transmission, prevention, control) and description of practices. The actions performed by nurses are punctual performed when there is growing disease of the number of cases in order to try to reduce the number of cases. The principal methodology used for them is to talk and guidelines resulting from campaigns and home visits, using leaflets and social networks. Regarding knowledge of nurses in the city of Santa Cruz on Dengue Fever and Chikungunya, is clearly some gaps. Nursing professionals know recognize a suspected case of dengue, but get confused when trying to explain to the Chikungunya fever, exhibiting the same symptoms of dengue. Although everybody had participated in a training on Chikungunya Fever and Dengue, a very limited knowledge of nurses regarding the clinical management. It is suggested that further studies are developed on the ground a few nurses have accepted to participate in the study, so that we can identify strategies, interventions, activities and nursing actions that are consistent with the reality of working in favor of coping Aedes epidemics aegypti that have positive impact on reducing the infestation rates and may be suitable and applied in other regions.

A atuação do enfermeiro no combate à dengue e a febre chikungunya: estudo comparativo nos municípios de Parnamirim e Santa Cruz/RN

The research aimed to analyze the role of nurses in the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in the control of Dengue and Chikungunya fever in the cities of Parnamirim and Santa Cruz. It is exploratory and descriptive nature of research, with a qualitative approach, which was developed with nurses of the Family Health Strategy in the municipalities of Parnamirim and Santa Cruz. All research process followed the ethical standards laid out research in Resolution No. 466/2012 of the National Health Council about research involving human beings. Data collection was performed using a semi-structured questionnaire with open and closed questions, organized into three parts: the profile of respondents, knowledge of the disease (transmission, prevention, control) and description of practices. The actions performed by nurses are punctual performed when there is growing disease of the number of cases in order to try to reduce the number of cases. The principal methodology used for them is to talk and guidelines resulting from campaigns and home visits, using leaflets and social networks. Regarding knowledge of nurses in the city of Santa Cruz on Dengue Fever and Chikungunya, is clearly some gaps. Nursing professionals know recognize a suspected case of dengue, but get confused when trying to explain to the Chikungunya fever, exhibiting the same symptoms of dengue. Although everybody had participated in a training on Chikungunya Fever and Dengue, a very limited knowledge of nurses regarding the clinical management. It is suggested that further studies are developed on the ground a few nurses have accepted to participate in the study, so that we can identify strategies, interventions, activities and nursing actions that are consistent with the reality of working in favor of coping Aedes epidemics aegypti that have positive impact on reducing the infestation rates and may be suitable and applied in other regions.

Negative Archaeology. The Archaeological Borders of the Present

Nowadays, archaeology is trying to redefine its relation with objects. This change is taking place at the same time as the West is breaking once and for all with the generation who did the rural exodus in the mid of the twentieth century. The present paper proposes a revision of the conditions that allow us to both define this rupture and at the same time determine our affinity with materiality. This is done through a reconsideration of the relation between the past and the present and the dynamics marking this difference. We are situated in a moment when the experience of time is shifting and thus so is the integrity of archaeological objects. Under the name of Negative Archaeology, the border between past and present is explored. This border determines the creation of the past in a present which intends to homogenise changes. Archaeology is a unique discipline which could prevent this process, or at least bear witness to the dynamics to which objects seem to be subjected. Obscolescence is introduced as a concept in an attempt to name the aforementioned problem.

Nuevo marco para la producción de textos académicos

Este trabajo presenta la reelaboración de un modelo de producción de textos escritos, publicado por el Grupo Didactext en 2003. Se sitúa en un marco sociocognitivo, lingüístico y didáctico, y está concebido desde la interacción de tres dimensiones simbolizadas por círculos concéntricos recurrentes. El primer círculo corresponde al ámbito cultural: las diversas esferas de la praxis humana en las que está inmersa toda actividad de composición escrita. El segundo se refiere a los contextos de producción, de los que forman parte el contexto social, el situacional, el físico, la audiencia y el medio de composición. El tercer círculo corresponde al individuo, en el que se tiene en cuenta el papel de la memoria en la producción de un texto desde el enfoque sociocultural, la motivación, las emociones y las estrategias cognitivas y metacognitivas, dentro de las cuales se conciben seis unidades funcionales que actúan en concurrencia: acceso al conocimiento, planificación, redacción, revisión y reescritura, edición, y presentación oral. La orientación didáctica se interesa por la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de la escritura académica en las aulas, así como por la investigación de la escritura en contextos de educación.

The Janus-faced City: A Sensory History of the London Blitz 1940–1941

The city of London was, during the years of 1940–1941, a city under fire. The metropolis seemed to have two faces, like the Roman deity Janus: the face of the daylight hours, so normal, and yet so deceiving in its false quietness – and at nightfall, the city turned, and the face of it was the face of the devil himself, transforming London into a living inferno. This thesis examines the sensescapes of the Blitz, through the diaries and memoirs written of that time. The primary sources consist of seven different diaries, two autobiographies, and four research volumes that contain multiple diary- and memoire entries, mostly from the Mass Observation Archives and from the Imperial War Museum. The sensory approach is a new orientation in the field of history – it studies the five senses in their cultural contexts, interpreting the often subtle ways in which the senses affect into society, politics, culture, and class hierarchies, to name only but few. The subject of the sensory history of war is a theme widely unexamined: this thesis contributes to this frontier field by unveiling the sensorium of the London bombings, comparing the differences between the halves of nychtemeron, and examining how the Blitz was communicated by the writers as a lived, bodily experience. This study reveals the very different sensory worlds in which the Londoners lived, during a time that is often described with the mythical solidarity that was thought to exist between the people. The reality of the homeless, working class, and poor were in the foul smelling tubes, poor law -dated rations, and in the smoking ruins of East End – the contrast was massive reflecting it to the luxury hotels and restaurants of the upper classes, opportunities for evacuation, sheltering possibilities, and overall comforts of life.

Roberto Bolaño, 2666 : poderes sobre a vida e potências da vida

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Letras, Departamento de Teoria Literária e Literatura, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Literatura, 2016.

The incorporation of violence by women video artists

This paper examines the way in which women video artists embodied violence in their video pieces as a strategy of critique of the patriarchal regime. Since the 1960s several generations of women artists used different strategies of self-harm or explored the physical and mental limits of their bodies to express the anguish of those who are excluded from the patriarchal society on sexist and/or racist grounds. Considering the guiding line that covers three fields – art, gender, and feminist social movements – as well as their key thinkers and scholars in Sociology, Fine Arts and the Humanities, we have built the object of study of this essay, namely, the relationship between women's video art focused on the body, violence and gender along with feminist social movements in the period ranging from 1967 to 2007, in a Western context. The methodology used had as its primary goal to create a link between the micro-sociological level of expressions, body gestures and behaviours in the videos and the macro-sociological level of broader, institutionalized social forces that are at the origin of inequalities, such as dimensions of gender and «race». This study concluded that at least since the 1960s there is the denunciation by women video artists of the general circumstances women live under, while enduring violence of various kinds, such as socio-cultural, psychological and sexual violence against women.

Sensibilización y alergia alimentaria mediada por Inmunoglobulina E específica y su afectación a la calidad de vida en un grupo de adolescentes de 13 a 15 años de edad en el Cantón Santa Isabel: Un estudio trasnversal.

Antecedentes: Este estudio reporta la prevalencia de SA, AA y su afectación en la calidad de vida en un grupo de adolescentes de Santa Isabel-Ecuador. Métodos: Un estudio de corte transversal se llevó a cabo en 462 adolescentes de los colegios de Santa Isabel entre Julio de 2014 y Febrero de 2016. La recolección de datos incluyó la aplicación de test cutáneos utilizando un total de 19 alérgenos alimentarios y un cuestionario de auto reporte de síntomas a todos los participantes. Los adolescentes con test cutáneo positivo a uno o varios alimentos y con síntomas tras la ingesta de los mismos se les aplicó un cuestionario de calidad de vida y se cuantificó la Inmunoglobulina E (IgE) sérica específica para corroborar el diagnóstico de AA. Resultados: La prevalencia de SA fue del 7,14% y de AA 4,33%. En ambos casos el camarón y el maní fueron los principales alérgenos. La cuantificación de IgE específica, corroboró la presencia de AA en 2.4% de los participantes. La presencia de AA no afecta la calidad de vida de adolescentes en promedio 0,05/6, DE±0,94 Conclusiones: Este estudio contribuye con la prevalencia de SA y AA cuya importancia radica en la metodología utilizada, lo que servirá de base teórica para estudios posteriores. La SA y AA son prevalentes en los adolescentes del cantón de Santa Isabel, siendo el maní y camarón los alérgenos de mayor importancia asociados a reacciones anafilácticas. A pesar de los riesgos, los adolescentes no refleja afectación en su calidad de vida.

Factores asociados a transfusión sanguínea en el manejo quirúrgico del canal lumbar estrecho en la Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá 2003 - 2013

Introduccion: El canal lumbar estrecho es un motivo de consulta frecuente en el servicio de columna de la Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá. Derivado del tratamiento quirurgico se pueden generar múltiples complicaciones, entre las que se encuentra la transfusión sanguínea. Objetivo: Identificar los factores sociodemográficos, antecedentes personales y factores quirúrgicos asociados a transfusión sanguínea en cirugía canal lumbar estrecho en la Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá 2003- 2013. Materiales y métodos: Se aplicó en diseño de estudio observacional analítico transversal. Se incluyeron 367 pacientes sometidos a cirugía de canal lumbar estrecho a quienes se les analizaron variables de antecedentes personales, características sociodemograficas y factores quirúrgicos. Resultados: La mediana de la edad fue de 57 años y la mayoría de pacientes fueron mujeres (55,6%). La mediana del Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC) fue de 24,9 clasificado como normal. Entre los antecedentes patológicos, la hipertensión arterial fue el más común (37,3%). La mayoría de pacientes (59,1%) presentaron clasificación ASA de II. El tipo de cirugía más prevalente fue el de descompresión (55,6%). En el 79,8% de los pacientes se intervinieron 2 niveles. Se realizó transfusión de glóbulos rojos en 26 pacientes correspondiente a 7,1% del total. En la mayoría de procedimientos quirúrgicos (42,5%) el sangrado fue clasificado como moderado (50-500 ml). En el modelo explicativo transfusión sanguínea en cirugía de canal lumbar estrecho se incluyen: antecedente de cardiopatía (OR 4,68, P 0,034, IC 1,12 – 19,44), Sangrado intraoperatorio >500ml (OR 6,74, p 0,001, 2,09 – 21,74) y >2 niveles intervenidos (OR 3,97, p 0,023, IC 1,20 – 13,09). Conclusión: Como factores asociados a la transfusión sanguínea en el manejo quirúrgico del canal lumbar estrecho a partir de la experiencia de 10 años en la Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá se encontraron: enfermedad cardiaca, sangrado intraoperatorio mayor de 500ml y más de dos niveles intervenidos.

La Pointe Saint Mathieu, Brittany, France

The "Pointe Saint Mathieu" is one of the most westerly continental landmarks of France. The promontory is located at the entrance of the "Goulet de la Rade de Brest", that is the entrance channel of the harbour of Brest in Brittany (France). It marks also the Southern end of the "Chenal du Four" that is the main navigation channel between the islands of Ouessant, Molène and Béniquet, and Brittany. The "Chenal du Four" is reputed for its dangers. The tidal range is greater than 7 m in spring tides, and the mid-tide current may exceed 5 knots. The Saint Mathieu promontory is equipped with a lighthouse and a semaphore. The former is located in the ruins of an old monastery, founded during the 6th century AD by Saint Tanguy. The present ruins are the remnants of buildings from the 11th to 15th centuries. The first lighthouse was installed in 1689, although the monks of the monastery used to maintain a signal light since the 1250s. Completed in 1835, the present "Phare de la Pointe Saint-Mathieu" is 37 m high and it reaches 58.8 m above sea level During World War 2, the Pointe Saint Mathieu was defended by a series of concrete fortifications built by the Germans. Some were based upon some earlier French bunker systems, like the coastal battery at the Rospects which included 4 main gun bunkers (4*150 mm, or 2*150 mm & 2*105 mm), an observation bunker on the Western side close to sea, and several smaller structures. There was also the large Kéringar Blockhaus system, near Lochrist, located about 1 km inland and designed for 4 guns of 280 mm. Its command bunker remains a landmark along the main road. All this area was very-heavily bombed between 1943 and 1944, and particularly during the battle of Brest in August-September 1944 ("L'Enfer de Brest").

A loucura e o cinema: representações cinematográficas de personalidade limite

Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Comunicação Social como parte dos requisitos para obtenção de grau de mestre em Audiovisual e Multimédia.

Fasciola hepatica IN BOVINES IN BRAZIL: DATA AVAILABILITY AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION

Fasciolosis is a disease of importance for both veterinary and public health. For the first time, georeferenced prevalence data of Fasciola hepatica in bovines were collected and mapped for the Brazilian territory and data availability was discussed. Bovine fasciolosis in Brazil is monitored on a Federal, State and Municipal level, and to improve monitoring it is essential to combine the data collected on these three levels into one dataset. Data were collected for 1032 municipalities where livers were condemned by the Federal Inspection Service (MAPA/SIF) because of the presence of F. hepatica. The information was distributed over 11 states: Espírito Santo, Goiás, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso, Pará, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina and São Paulo. The highest prevalence of fasciolosis was observed in the southern states, with disease clusters along the coast of Paraná and Santa Catarina and in Rio Grande do Sul. Also, temporal variation of the prevalence was observed. The observed prevalence and the kriged prevalence maps presented in this paper can assist both animal and human health workers in estimating the risk of infection in their state or municipality.

Presença de Panstrongylus megistus infectado por Schizotrypanum no Rio de Janeiro, D. F

É referido o encontro de barbeiros (Panstrongylus megistus) adultos em residências do Distrito Federal, nos bairros de Santa Teresa (Rua Almirante Alexandrino) e de Botafogo (Travessa João Afonso). Um exemplar capturado em Santa Teresa estava infectado por flagelados, critidias e tripanosomas metacíclicos, fato pela primeira vez assinalado na Capital da República. Dejeções no inseto infectado foram inoculadas em camondongos brancos, determinando apenas infecções sanguíneas inaparentes, reveladas pelo xenodiagnóstico. Entretanto, no exsudato peritoneal dos animais foram encontrados a fresco tripanosomas com caracters de Schizotrypanum. Os transmissores da doença de chagas até agora referidos no Distrito Federal são: Panstrongylus megistus, Panstrongylus geniculatus, Triatoma vitticeps, Triatoma oswaldoi e Triatoma rubrofasciata.

Um foco potencial de Tripanosomíase Americana na cidade do Rio de Janeiro (Distrito Federal)

São relatados estudos epidemiológicos feitos em um foco potencial de Tripanosomiase americana no bairro Santa Teresa na Cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Enquanto a pesquisa intensiva de Triatomideos em 40 "cafuas" existentes em áreas silvestres do local foi negativa, 11 exemplares (seis fêmeas e cinco machos) de Panstrongylus mzgistus (Burmeister, 1835) foram capturados em um grande edifício do local, estando nove infectados pelo Trypanosoma (S.) cruzi. Positivamente, tais insetos aí vieram ter atraídos pela grande iluminação dêsse edifício, seus focos de criação encontrando-se na mata. Não foi possível demonstrar de modo indiscutível tais criadouros em cuidadosas pesquisas feitas durante 10 meses. Todavia, em ninho de gambá (Didelphis marsupialis) foi achado uma casca de ovo de Triatomídeo, o qual pode ser atribuído ao P. megistus. Também em ninhos dos mesmos marsupiais e também de ratos silvestres foi descoberto um novo Triatomídeo (Parabelminus carioca Lent, 1943) novo transmissor do Trypanosoma (S.) cruzi, e que foi motivo de uma publicação anterior. De 42 exemplares de gambás (D. marsupialis) submetidos ao exame direto do sangue e ao xenodiagnóstico, 15 (ou seja 35.7 %) mostraram-se naturalmente infectados pelo T. (S.) cruzi. Dêstes quinze, quatro foram negativos ao exame direto de sangue, mas positivos ao xenodiagnóstico. Outro marsupial (Metachirus nudicaudatus Geoffroy), antes ainda não referido como depositário silvestre do Trypanosoma (S.) cruzi, foi verificado com infecção natural pelo xenodiagnóstico. A amostra "gambᔠde T. (S.) cruzi, mostrou-se patogênica para cao rhesus, gato e cobaio. Foi possível cultivá-la em meios de Nöller e NNN. A amostra "cuica" foi capaz de infectar cão e cobaio e também foi cultivada. A amostra "panstrongylus" também infectou cão e cobaio. Camondongos (Mus musculus, var albina) inoculados com qualquer uma das amostras, não apresentaram infecção sanguínea apreciável ao exame direto, enquanto que exibiam uma infecção peritoneal. Exame clínico sumário de 58 indivíduos residentes no local, permitiram o encontro de duas crianças com sintomas atribuíveis a doença de Chagas, mas o xenodiagnóstico dêstes pacientes foi negativo. Exames de sangue à fresco e xenodiagnóstico de 19 cães (cerca de 50 % dos existentes na zona estudada) foram negativos. Assim também de dois gatos. A possibilidade de infecção humana pelo T. (S.) cruzi no local estudado, é remota, considerados os hábitos silvestres aí observados nos transmissores. Porém, uma vez que aí existem depositários naturais abundantes dêsse tripanosoma, e também transmissores com alto índice de infestação, é possível a ocurrência de casos clínicos da moléstia, tanto mais quando se recorda que P. megistus tem geralmente habitos domiciliares em outras regiões do País, fàcilmente podendo adaptar-se às "cafuas" existentes no local. Por outro lado, a presença aí de famílias oriundas de zonas de endemia (Minas) poderá ainda apressar a existencia de condições domésticas de contágio.

Padrões de Distribuição da Flora Exótica em Cabo Verde: o Papel dos Factores Antrópicos e Ecológicos

Dada a relevância a nível global do impacto da introdução de espécies exóticas, e tendo sido identificada uma grande escassez de estudos nesta área de investigação em Cabo Verde, pretendeu-se com este estudo actualizar a lista dos taxa exóticos naturalizados deste arquipélago, fornecendo dados sobre a sua distribuição, caracterização taxonómica e principais grupos funcionais. Com o objectivo de averiguar quais são os factores que influenciam os padrões de distribuição da flora exótica nestas ilhas, efectuaram-se correlações de Spearman entre o número de taxa exóticos e várias variáveis ambientais e antrópicas. Sendo conhecida a importância que os factores antrópicos têm na composição e distribuição da flora introduzida, procurou-se ainda perceber se a flora da única ilha desabitada do arquipélago (Santa Luzia) poderá ser indicadora de características invasoras das espécies introduzidas. Os resultados obtidos indicaram um total de 403 taxa exóticos, correspondendo a 55% da flora de Cabo Verde, sendo as Poaceae, Fabaceae e Asteraceae as famílias com maior número de espécies. Verificou-se também que predominam as espécies herbáceas e o tipo biológico mais frequente é o terófito. Além disso, a população rural é o factor que mais fortemente e positivamente correlacionado com os padrões de distribuição da flora exótica em Cabo Verde. Correlações positivas muito significativas foram também encontradas para a área e altitude máxima de cada ilha. A análise da flora exótica da ilha desabitada de Santa Luzia revelou que, embora os taxa exóticos registados nesta ilha estejam presentes em quase todas as outras ilhas, as espécies inventariadas parecem não exibir um comportamento invasor ou de ameaça à flora nativa. Para finalizar, espera-se que os resultados obtidos possam contribuir com informação que fundamente futuras estratégias de conservação da Biodiversidade das ilhas de Cabo Verde.