Transposicão da veia gástrica esquerda ou da veia mesentérica inferior como alternativas de revascularizacão portal no transplante ortotópico de fígado

OBJETIVO: Apresentar e discutir indicações e resultados iniciais de duas alternativas técnicas para reconstrução portal em receptores de transplante hepático com veia porta trombosada ou hipoplásica. MÉTODO: São apresentados três casos de transplante hepático em portadores de veia porta imprestável para revascularização do enxerto. Constatada essa inadequação, por ausência de calibre e fluxo mínimos para uma anastomose segura com a veia porta do doador, a veia gástrica esquerda (duas vezes) ou a veia mesentérica inferior do receptor foi dissecada, ligada distalmente, transposta e anastomosada com a veia porta do doador. RESULTADOS: Nos três casos, as anastomoses resultaram isodiamétricas, sem torsões ou acotovelamentos, permitindo uma revascularização do enxerto homogênea, adequada do ponto de vista macroscópico e funcional, comprovada pela evolução favorável e por fluxometria Doppler pós-operatória. CONCLUSÕES: Os autores concluem que a veia gástrica esquerda e a veia mesentérica inferior podem se constituir em boas alternativas para a reconstrução portal de receptores de transplante hepático com veia porta inadequada.

Modelo experimental de formação de varizes esofágicas por hipertensão portal esquistossomótica em hamsters

OBJETIVO: Desenvolver um modelo experimental de formação de varizes esofágicas por hipertensão portal esquistossomótica em hamsters. MÉTODO: Utilizamos 55 hamsters divididos em dois grupos: grupo I composto de 50 animais infectados com injeção percutânea de 100 cercarias de Schistosoma mansoni da cepa BH; e grupo II composto de cinco animais sadios (grupo de controle). Foram mantidos por um período de incubação de oito semanas. Após este período os animais eram pesados e posteriormente avaliados cirurgicamente quanto à pressão portal, e aspectos macroscópicos e microscópicos do baço, fígado e esôfago tóraco-abdominal. RESULTADOS: Todos os animais do grupo I perderam peso, enquanto os animais do grupo II apresentavam um aumento do peso corporal durante o período de incubação. Vinte e seis (52%) animais do grupo I morreram. Dos 24 hamsters que permaneceram compondo o grupo I observamos uma pressão portal significativamente elevada quando comparada aos animais do grupo II (8,33 x 4,60 cm H2O respectivamente). Verificamos a presença de varizes esofágicas em 16 hamsters do grupo I (66,70%) sendo nestes animais a pressão portal significativamente mais elevada quando comparada aos animais do grupo I que não desenvolveram varizes (9,50 x 6,00 cm H2O respectivamente). CONCLUSÃO: É possível desenvolver em hamsters um modelo experimental de hipertensão portal esquistossomótica aguda com formação de varizes esofágicas.

Influência da inversão do diâmetro veia porta/veia esplênica nos resultados do tratamento cirúrgico da hipertensão portal esquistossomótica

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a morbidade e a mortalidade no tratamento cirúrgico da hipertensão portal esquistossomótica em pacientes portadores de inversão do diâmetro entre a veia porta e veia esplênica. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal retrospectivo, de pacientes submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico da hipertensão no período entre setembro de 1993 e Janeiro de 2004. A população do estudo foi distribuída em dois grupos: a) Inversão - calibre da veia esplênica maior ou igual ao da veia porta) e b) grupo controle (calibre da veia porta maior que o da veia esplênica). Na análise estatística foram utilizados o teste t de student para diferença de médias, quiquadrado para diferença de proporções e o exato de Fisher para amostras reduzidas. RESULTADOS: 169 pacientes foram analisados com seguimento pós-operatório médio de 23,6 meses. 21 pacientes (12,4%) apresentavam a veia esplênica de igual ou maior calibre que a veia porta (Inversão - grupo de estudo). A média dos diâmetros pré-operatórios das veias porta e esplênica foram, respectivamente, 1,49/1,14cm no grupo controle, e 0,98/1,07cm no grupo de inversão. O diâmetro da veia porta foi significativamente maior no grupo controle quando comparado ao grupo de inversão (p<0,05). A presença de varizes de fundo gástrico foi identificada em 33,3% do grupo de inversão e em 38,5% dos pacientes do grupo controle. Recidiva hemorrágica pós-operatória ocorreu em 23,1% dos pacientes do grupo de inversão e em 13,4% no grupo controle (p>0,05). Na avaliação pós-operatória com ultrassonografia Doppler de vasos portais, não houve casos de trombose portal no grupo de inversão, e no grupo controle a trombose portal foi identificada em 16,9% dos pacientes (p<0,05). O óbito ocorreu em um (4,8%) paciente do grupo inversão, e a mortalidade foi de 4,1% no grupo controle (p>0,05). A média do nível sérico de plaquetas foi significativamente menor (65.950\mm□) no grupo de inversão do que no grupo controle (106.647\mm□) (p<0,05). CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados sugerem que a inversão do calibre veia porta\esplênica não representa uma contraindicação ao tratamento cirúrgico da hipertensão portal esquistossomótica.

Splenic vein graft for the reconstruction of the mesenteric-portal trunk after gastroduodenopancreatectomy

Resection of the confluence of the superior mesenteric and portal veins has been performed most frequently in the treatment of adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, in view of the reported positive results, but it can also be used in cases of benign pancreatic neolpasias when they are strongly adhered to the mesenteric-portal trunk. Nevertheless, there is no study on the best type of venous grafts for reconstruction of the mesenteric-portal trunk when required. The choice of graft depends on the preference of the surgeon or the institution. This technical note critically discusses the use of the splenic vein as an option for mesenteric-portal trunk reconstruction after gastroduodenopancreatectomy.

Topographic anatomical study of the sciatic nerve relationship to the posterior portal in hip arthroscopy

Objective: To evaluate the anatomic topographic relation between the sciatic nerve in relation to the piriform muscle and the posterior portal for the establishment of hip arthroscopy.Methods: We dissected 40 hips of 20 corpses of adult Brazilians, 17 male and three female, six black, six brown and eight white. We studied the anatomical relationship between the sciatic nerve and the piriform muscle with their variations and the distance between the lateral edge of the sciatic nerve and the posterior portal used in hip arthroscopy. We then classified the anatomical alterations found in the path of the sciatic nerve on the piriform muscle.Results: Seventeen corpses had bilateral relationship between the sciatic nerve and the piriform muscle, i.e., type A. We found the following anatomical variations: 12.5% of variant type B; and an average distance between the sciatic nerve and the portal for arthroscopy of 2.98cm. One body had type B anatomical variation on the left hip and type A on the right.Conclusion: the making of the posterior arthroscopic portal to the hip joint must be done with careful marking of the trochanter massive; should there be difficult to find it, a small surgical access is recommended. The access point to the portal should not exceed two centimeters towards the posterior superior aspect of the greater trochanter, and must be made with the limb in internal rotation of 15 degrees.

Multiple scales analysis of nonlinear oscillations of a portal frame foundation for several machines

An analytical study of the nonlinear vibrations of a multiple machines portal frame foundation is presented. Two unbalanced rotating machines are considered, none of them resonant with the lower natural frequencies of the supporting structure. Their combined frequencies is set in such a way as to excite, due to nonlinear behavior of the frame, either the first anti-symmetrical mode (sway) or the first symmetrical mode. The physical and geometrical characteristics of the frame are chosen to tune the natural frequencies of these two modes into a 1:2 internal resonance. The problem is reduced to a two degrees of freedom model and its nonlinear equations of motions are derived via a Lagrangian approach. Asymptotic perturbation solutions of these equations are obtained via the Multiple Scales Method.

On non-ideal and non-linear portal frame dynamics analysis using bogoliubov averaging method

We apply the Bogoliubov Averaging Method to the study of the vibrations of an elastic foundation, forced by a Non-ideal energy source. The considered model consists of a portal plane frame with quadratic nonlinearities, with internal resonance 1:2, supporting a direct current motor with limited power. The non-ideal excitation is in primary resonance in the order of one-half with the second mode frequency. The results of the averaging method, plotted in time evolution curve and phase diagrams are compared to those obtained by numerically integrating of the original differential equations. The presence of the saturation phenomenon is verified by analytical procedures.

Let's do data research work: the creation of a portal with research information from Catalan Universities

Presentation at Open Repositories 2014, Helsinki, Finland, June 9-13, 2014

Increased immunohistochemical expression of YKL-40 in the spleen of patients with portal hypertension

YKL-40 has been identified as a growth factor in connective tissue cells and also a migration factor in vascular smooth muscle cells. To a large extent, the increase of serum YKL-40 is attributed to liver fibrosis and asthma. However, the relationship of the expression and clinical/prognostic significance of YKL-40 to the splenomegaly of patients with portal hypertension is unclear. In the present study, the expression of YKL-40 was studied by immunohistochemistry in 48 splenomegaly tissue samples from patients with portal hypertension and in 14 normal spleen specimens. All specimens were quickly stored at -80°C after resection. Primary antibodies YKL-40 (1:150 dilution, rabbit polyclonal IgG) and MMP-9 (1:200 dilution, rabbit monoclonal IgG) and antirabbit immunoglobulins (HRP K4010) were used in this study. The relationship of clinicopathologic features with YKL-40 is presented. The expression of YKL-40 indicated by increased immunochemical reactivity was significantly up-regulated in splenomegaly tissues compared to normal spleen tissues. Overexpression of YKL-40 was found in 68.8% of splenomegaly tissues and was significantly associated with Child-Pugh classification (P = 0.000), free portal pressure (correlation coefficient = 0.499, P < 0.01) and spleen fibrosis (correlation coefficient = 0.857, P < 0.01). Further study showed a significant correlation between YKL-40 and MMP-9 (correlation coefficient = -0.839, P < 0.01), indicating that YKL-40 might be an accelerator of spleen tissue remodeling by inhibiting the expression of MMP-9. In conclusion, YKL-40 is an important factor involved in the remodeling of spleen tissue of portal hypertension patients and can be used as a therapeutic target for splenomegaly.

Crédito bancário corporativo no Brasil: evolução recente e perspectivas

This article aims to analyse the evolution of the corporate banking credit market in Brazil during the recent cycle (january 2003 to june 2009) from a Keynesian theoretical reference point. The article focuses on the dynamics of the six major segments of this market (industry, commerce, services, infrastructure, real estate and rural sector), highlighting their main similarities and differences concerning the cyclical dynamics, the participation in the total corporate banking credit, the origin of resources, the composition of capital ownership and the performance of public and private banks.

Earning logics of a portal solution for a medical device manufacturer

The need behind this thesis was in the development of a more modern earning logic for a pelvic floor muscle home training device to which a portal solution is going to be introduced as a part of new upgraded version of the device. The goal is to offer useful guidelines and recommendations for the medical device manufacturer to use in the process of creating the new business model around the new product version. In the theoretical part of this thesis, the used theoretical frameworks for business model generation and pricing models are presented. The special characteristics of healthcare technology industry are also introduced as initial data for the empirical part. The empirical data is collected via interviews and meetings from both inside and outside of the company to gain a comprehensive picture of the issue at hand. The needed changes in the business model as well as possible pricing options are gone through in the empirical chapters with the main focus being on the incoming revenue streams and pricing. As results of the thesis recommendations are presented for the changes that are needed in the business model after the introduction of the portal solution. The results of this thesis can be used for finishing the development process of the new version of the device and especially the earning logic of it.

Recherches d'anatomie pathologique sur l'endurcissement du système nerveux , par M. Pinel fils... Mémoire lu à l'Académie des sciences, le 27 mai 1822, et suivi du rapport de MM. Portal et Magendie

Comprend : Rapport ; Rapport de MM. Portal et Magendie