ClC-5 chloride channel and kidney stones: what is the link?

Nephrolithiasis is one of the most common diseases in the Western world. The disease manifests itself with intensive pain, sporadic infections, and, sometimes, renal failure. The symptoms are due to the appearance of urinary stones (calculi) which are formed mainly by calcium salts. These calcium salts precipitate in the renal papillae and/or within the collecting ducts. Inherited forms of nephrolithiasis related to chromosome X (X-linked hypercalciuric nephrolithiasis or XLN) have been recently described. Hypercalciuria, nephrocalcinosis, and male predominance are the major characteristics of these diseases. The gene responsible for the XLN forms of kidney stones was cloned and characterized as a chloride channel called ClC-5. The ClC-5 chloride channel belongs to a superfamily of voltage-gated chloride channels, whose physiological roles are not completely understood. The objective of the present review is to identify recent advances in the molecular pathology of nephrolithiasis, with emphasis on XLN. We also try to establish a link between a chloride channel like ClC-5, hypercalciuria, failure in urine acidification and protein endocytosis, which could explain the symptoms exhibited by XLN patients.

A link between sleep loss, glucose metabolism and adipokines

The present review evaluates the role of sleep and its alteration in triggering problems of glucose metabolism and the possible involvement of adipokines in this process. A reduction in the amount of time spent sleeping has become an endemic condition in modern society, and a search of the current literature has found important associations between sleep loss and alterations of nutritional and metabolic contexts. Studies suggest that sleep loss is associated with problems in glucose metabolism and a higher risk for the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The mechanism involved may be associated with the decreased efficacy of regulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis by negative feedback mechanisms in sleep-deprivation conditions. In addition, changes in the circadian pattern of growth hormone (GH) secretion might also contribute to the alterations in glucose regulation observed during sleep loss. On the other hand, sleep deprivation stress affects adipokines - increasing tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and decreasing leptin and adiponectin -, thus establishing a possible association between sleep-debt, adipokines and glucose metabolism. Thus, a modified release of adipokines resulting from sleep deprivation could lead to a chronic sub-inflammatory state that could play a central role in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Further studies are necessary to investigate the role of sleep loss in adipokine release and its relationship with glucose metabolism.

Resistência de quatro genótipos de amendoim à produção de aflatoxina B1 após inoculação com Aspergillus flavus Link

Avaliou-se a produção de aflatoxina B1 pelo Aspergillus flavus IMI 190443, inoculado em sementes de genótipos de amendoim: Tatu Vermelho, VRR-245, 2117 e 2155, in natura e autoclavado a 1210 C por 20 minutos, previamente cultivados no Centro Experimental do Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, em 1995/96. A aflatoxina B1 foi quantificada por cromatografia em camada delgada, utilizando comparação visual com padrões. Os níveis de aflatoxina B1 das amostras autoclavadas e in natura dos genótipos Tatu Vermelho, VRR-245 e 2155 foram significativamente diferentes (p <0,05, Teste de Duncan) quando comparados aos níveis do genótipo 2117. O genótipo 2117, originário da Índia, apresentou independente do processo com e sem aquecimento os menores níveis de aflatoxina B1 em relação aos dos outros genótipos. Os resultados obtidos mostram perspectivas de exploração da resistência varietal no controle da aflatoxina.

Implementing Green IT approach for transferring Big Data over Parallel Data Link

The whole research of the current Master Thesis project is related to Big Data transfer over Parallel Data Link and my main objective is to assist the Saint-Petersburg National Research University ITMO research team to accomplish this project and apply Green IT methods for the data transfer system. The goal of the team is to transfer Big Data by using parallel data links with SDN Openflow approach. My task as a team member was to compare existing data transfer applications in case to verify which results the highest data transfer speed in which occasions and explain the reasons. In the context of this thesis work a comparison between 5 different utilities was done, which including Fast Data Transfer (FDT), BBCP, BBFTP, GridFTP, and FTS3. A number of scripts where developed which consist of creating random binary data to be incompressible to have fair comparison between utilities, execute the Utilities with specified parameters, create log files, results, system parameters, and plot graphs to compare the results. Transferring such an enormous variety of data can take a long time, and hence, the necessity appears to reduce the energy consumption to make them greener. In the context of Green IT approach, our team used Cloud Computing infrastructure called OpenStack. It’s more efficient to allocated specific amount of hardware resources to test different scenarios rather than using the whole resources from our testbed. Testing our implementation with OpenStack infrastructure results that the virtual channel does not consist of any traffic and we can achieve the highest possible throughput. After receiving the final results we are in place to identify which utilities produce faster data transfer in different scenarios with specific TCP parameters and we can use them in real network data links.

On site measurements of DC link electrolytic capacitor bank of frequency converter using constant DC magnetization of the motor

Preventive maintenance of frequency converters has been based on pre-planned replace-ment of wearing or ageing components. Exchange intervals follow component life-time expectations which are based on empirical knowledge or schedules defined by manufac-turer. However, the lifetime of a component can vary significantly, because drives are used in very different operating environments and applications. The main objective of the research was to provide information on methods, i.e. how in-verter's operating condition can be measured reliably under field conditions. At first, the research focused on critical components such as current transducers, IGBTs and DC link capacitor bank, because these aging have already been identified. Of these, the DC link capacitor measurement method was selected for closer examination. With this method, the total capacitance and its total series resistance can be measured. The suitability of the measuring procedure was estimated on the basis of practical measurements. The research was made by using so called triangulation method, including a literature review, simulations and practical measurements. Based on the results, the new measu-rement method seems suitable with some reservations to practical measurements. How-ever, the measuring method should be further developed in order to improve its reliability.

Lean Product Management – Enhancing Product Managers' Ability to Create Value

The purpose of this master’s thesis was to study the opportunity to apply Lean practices to product management function which happens in an office environment. Since product management plays an important role in the company’s success story, it’s important to have it functioning as effectively as possible. The goal was to find those Lean tools and methods that fit the best to the needs of product management. The research was conducted as a qualitative action research which comprises a comprehensive literature review and a single case study. Theoretical information about Lean Thinking and product management was collected from articles, literature and Internet sources. Moreover, empirical data was collected by conducting interviews in the Case Company’s product management department in order to gain an in-depth understanding of product management’s problematics. The results indicate that most of the product management challenges could be overcome by applying Lean practises. Based on the usability rate, which has been discussed in the empirical part of this study, the most suitable Lean practises for product management function are: value stream mapping, Kanban and KPIs.

Esimiestoiminnan vaikutukset lyhytaikaisiin sairauspoissaoloihin

Yrityksissä on viimeisten vuosien aikana alettu keskustella enemmän sairauspoissaoloista. Ne muodostavat monissa yrityksissä merkittävän kuluerän. Monissa yrityksissä joudutaan käsittelemään sairauspoissaoloja jollakin tavalla. Jokaisella yrityksellä on olemassa toimintatapoja lyhytaikaisten sairauspoissaolojen vähentämiseksi. Toimintatavoilla on tarkoitus tukea esimiehiä käsittelemään työntekijöiden poissaoloja. Työntekijöiden sairauspoissaolot, työkykyyn ja työstä suoriutumiseen liittyvät asiat ovat helpompia käsitellä toimintamallien avulla. Esimiestoiminnalla on todettu olevan yhteys lyhytaikaisiin sairauspoissaoloihin. On lyhytaikaisia sairauspoissaoloja esimiehistä riippumattomistakin syistä, mutta niiden esiintyessä usein, saattaa taustalla olla jokin muu tekijä kuin sairaus. Tämän tutkimuksen avulla oli selvittää eniten lyhytaikaisia sairauspoissaolojen omaavien myymälöiden työtyytyväisyyttä ja onko esimiestoiminnalla selkeä yhteys poissaoloihin. Yrityksellä on käytössään erilaisia toimintamalleja lyhytaikaisiin poissaoloihin ja niiden vähentämiseen. Tutkimuksen avulla pyrittiin huomaamaan onko jokaisessa myymälässä samat toimintamallit.

The link between extracurricular activities and academic achievement for youth in grades 5 and 7 /

This study examined the link between involvement in extracurricular activities and academic success for 504 youth in grades 5 and 7, using the first-year survey data from a longitudinal study conducted by Youth Lifestyle Choices-Community University Research Alliance (YLC-CURA). Specifically, the study investigated whether a linear or curvilinear relation existed between extracurricular activities and academic achievement for both in- and out-of-school activities. It was hypothesized that stress may be a possible mediator in the link between extracurricular activities and achievement Results indicated that students in grades 5 and 7 were involved in club and sport activities both inside and outside of school at fairly equal fi-equencies, with a mean frequency of approximately once a month. The hypothesis that a positive relation j between in- and out-of-school extracurricular activities and achievement was supported. The hypothesis that a curvilinear relation would exist between extracurricular activities and achievement was only supported for out-of-school activities. This finding supports the argument that too much or too little involvement in out-of-school activities is related negatively to a student's academic success; however, a moderate amount of involvement appears to be positive. The hypothesis that there would be a relation between involvement in extracurricular activities and stress level for both in-school and out-ofschool activities was not supported. Results were discussed in terms of educational implications and community resources for extracurricular activities.

Human Resource Training and National Sport Organization Managers: Examining the Impact of Training on Individual and Organizational Performance

Within sport, a tremendous amount of effort is committed to the on-the-field performance of athletes and coaches, neglecting the off-the-field performance and development of sport managers. This study examines the impact of human resource training on the performance of five Canadian national sport organizations (NSO) and their managers (N=22). Data were collected on three outcome variables (learning, individual performance, organizational performance) and three mediating variables (motivation to transfer, training design, organizational climate) at three time measures (pre-training, post-training1, post-training2). Results indicate that training improves the learning and individual performance of sport managers, as well as the organizational performance of NSOs. Varying relationships were found at each of the three time measures, demonstrating that a progression to training-related performance change exists, while providing support for three levels of analysis (individual, organizational, systemic). Implications and future research directions are discussed and highlight the need for on-going training opportunities for Canadian sport managers.

Management Material: Understanding the Contradictory Perspectives of Lower Level Managers in a Canadian Call Centre

Call centres have emerged during a time of rapid technological change and represent a form of ready employment for those seeking to replace or supplement "traditional" forms of employment. Call centre work is considered characteristic of the kinds of service work available in the new economy. This paper examines the experiences and practices of lower level managers in a call centre in southern Ontario. Findings are based on analysis of semi-structured interviews. The findings suggest that lower level managers resolve the contradictory social space they occupy by aligning themselves primarily with more powerful executives, in part because they know this might lead to increased job security. The implications of this trend for building a strong labour movement capable of combating neoliberal discourses regarding the need for work restructuring are discussed.

Efecto de extractos de plantas sobre el crecimiento y producción de aflatoxinas por Aspergillus flavus Link ex Fries y A. parasiticus Speare

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Microbiología) UANL

Influencia de extractos de agavaceas sobre el crecimiento de Aspergillus flavus Link ex. Fries y A. parasiticus Speare

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Microbiología) UANL

Modificación al método de ensamble de Check Link, bajo metodología QC-Story

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias de la Administración con Especialidad en Calidad y Producción) - U.A.N.L., 2003

Diseño de línea de manufactura mediante la metodología de tecnología de flujo por demanda para los productos Quick Tach y Lower Link componentes del minicargador frontal

Tesis (Maestro en ciencias de la manufactura con especialidad en Diseño del Producto) U.A.N.L. Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica.