Hérnia de amyand

Amyand's hernia is an extremely rare surgical event. It is characterized by the presence of acute appendix in an incarcerated inguinal hernia. Its clinical presentation varies, depending on the extent of appendicular inflammation. The authors report a case of Amyand's hernia, in an 89 years-old male who had the diagnosis made intraoperatively.

Bariatric surgery: impact on sexuality of the obese person

Objective: To assess the impact of surgical treatment in the sexuality of the obese.Methods: We conducted a qualitative / quantitative research with 30 patients who had undergone Fobi-Capella Roux-Y gastric bypass for at least one year. We collected data through individual interviews using a questionnaire with 10 mixed questions and one open, between May and June 2011. The objective data were quantified in absolute numbers and percentages, and the subjective ones were analyzed using the Discourse of the Collective Subject (DCS) and discussed in view of reference published on the subject.Results: 30 patients were enrolled, with a mean age 44 ± 12 years, 24 (80%) were female and six (20%) were male, 23 (77%) were married, 23 (96%) were hypertensive and eight (33%) were diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus. After the operation, 11 (37%) individuals reported no change in the number sexual intercourses, but 19 (63%) reported that this number was altered, 16 (53%) informed increased frequency, one (3%) reported a decrease in frequency, one (3%) did not practice sexual intercourse anymore and one (3%) did not report the frequency. The central ideas (CI) raised originated four DCSs: Experience of female sexuality; No experience of female sexuality; Experience of male sexuality; and improvements of comorbidities and psychological factor.Conclusion: there are positive repercussions of physical and emotional orders of the surgical treatment of obesity, favoring the quality of life, including sexuality.

Cálculo biliar "perdido": um novo problema para o ginecologista na abordagem do abdome agudo?

Os autores relatam o caso de uma paciente com 35 anos de idade, submetida à colecistectomia videolaparoscópica há 1 ano e que apresentou quadro sugestivo de salpingite aguda com abscesso. Durante a laparotomia notou-se um abscesso que era limitado anteriormente pelo peritônio parietal e músculo reto anterior direito do abdome, e posteriormente pelo corno uterino e pelo ligamento redondo à direita. Neste abscesso havia estrutura a seguir identificada como cálculo biliar. São discutidos os aspectos relacionados à patogenia, tratamento e prevenção desta complicação que vem sendo relatada com freqüência em virtude do maior uso da cirurgia laparoscópica.

Prevalência de Chlamydia trachomatis e fatores de risco associados à infecção detectada em amostra endocervical

OBJETIVO: Foi avaliar a prevalência de Chlamydia trachomatis e os fatores de risco associados à infecção em amostras endocervicais de mulheres atendidas em ambulatório de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. MÉTODOS: Amostras de secreção endocervical de 200 mulheres atendidas em Hospital Universitário foram avaliadas para diagnosticar C. trachomatis com uso da reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) utilizando primers CT05/CT06 que amplificam 281 pares de bases da principal proteína de membrana externa de C. trachomatis. Todas as participantes responderam a um questionário pré-codificado e autoaplicável. Os dados foram analisados no programa do software SPSS 17.0; para a análise multivariada foi utilizada a regressão de Poisson. RESULTADOS: Das 200 mulheres que foram incluídas no estudo, a prevalência de infecção por C. trachomatis foi de 11% (22 pacientes) e destas 55 (27,5%) foram positivas para o HPV. Os fatores de risco associados à infecção por C. trachomatis foram: ter 8 anos ou menos de escolaridade (p<0,001), renda familiar de até 1 salário mínimo (p=0,005), primeira relação sexual com 15 anos ou menos (p=0,04) e ser portadora do vírus HIV (p<0,001). Após a análise multivariada, apenas as variáveis escolaridade igual ou inferior a oito anos (RP 6,0; IC95% 1,26 - 29,0; p=0,02) e presença do HIV (RP 14,1; IC95% 3,4 - 57,5; p<0,001) permaneceram significantes. CONCLUSÕES: A prevalência de C. trachomatis em amostras endocervicais pelo método de PCR foi de 11%. Os fatores associados à maior infecção por C. trachomatis foram menor escolaridade e ser portar o vírus HIV.

Imunidade passiva, morbidade neonatal e desempenho de cabritos em diferentes manejos de colostro

Objetivando determinar o manejo de colostro que permitisse a melhor aquisição de imunidade passiva em cabritos e avaliar possíveis relações entre imunidade, morbidade e desempenho, amostras de sangue foram obtidas de 58 cabritos da raça Saanen antes e 30 horas após a primeira ingestão de colostro. Os cabritos foram distribuídos em cinco grupos experimentais. No Tratamento 1 (T1) o colostro foi ingerido ad libitum durante 24 horas. Nos demais tratamentos o colostro foi fornecido em mamadeira; os cabritos do T2 ingeriram 200mL de colostro após o parto; do T3, ingeriram 400mL de colostro sendo 200mL após o parto e 200mL após 8 horas; do T4, ingeriram também 400mL de colostro, sendo 200mL após o parto, 200mL após 14 horas; e os do T5 ingeriram 600mL de colostro, 200mL após o parto, 200mL as 12 e 200mL as 24 horas. Os valores séricos de gamaglobulinas foram avaliados por eletroforese. O ganho de peso diário foi utilizado para avaliação do desempenho no período de aleitamento. A ocorrência de doenças foi registrada do nascimento até 28 dias. A menor concentração de gamaglobulinas foi encontrada nos animais do Grupo 2 (1,65g/dL) e a maior concentração foi observada no Grupo 3 (2,60g/dL). Foi observado no Grupo 3 mais animais com diarréia, porém não foram encontradas diferenças estatísticas significativas ao nível de 5%. Os diferentes manejos de colostro não estiveram associados com o desempenho dos cabritos até o final do período neonatal.

Assessment of NADPH-diaphorase stained myenteric neurons of the jejunum of diabetic rats supplemented with ascorbic acid

The relation between hyperglycemia and diabetic neuropathy has already been demonstrated in some studies. Among the theories proposed for its etiology the oxidative stress stands out. The performance of nitric oxide as a link between the metabolic and vascular neuropathogenic factors that triggers the diabetic neuropathy has already been put forward. This study aimed to assess the quantification and measurements of the cell body profile area (CBPA) of NADPH-diaphorase reactive (NADPH-dp) myenteric neurons of the jejunum of diabetic rats (induced by streptozotocin) supplemented with Ascorbic Acid (AA). These changes in the myenteric neurons seem to be related to the gastrointestinal disturbances observed in diabetes mellitus (DM). Twenty male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were distributed in 4 groups (n=5): controls (C), control supplemented (CS), diabetic (D), and diabetic suplemented (DS). DM was induced by estreptozotocin (50mg/kg body wt). One week after the induction and confirmation of the DM (glycemia exam), animals of the groups CS and DS received 50mg of AA three times a week by gavage. After 90 days of experiment, the animals were anesthetized with lethal thiopental dose (40mg/kg) and the collected jejunum processed for the histochemistry NADPH-diaphorase technique. Whole-mount preparations were obtained for quantitative and morphometric analysis of the myenteric neurons. A quantity of jejunum neurons in the Group D (96±7.5) was not different (P>0.05) from Group DS (116±8.08), C (92±9.7), and CS (81±5.4), but in Group DS the quantity was higher (P<0.05) than in Group C and CS. The CBPA of neurons from Group D (189.50±2.68µm²) and DS (195.92±3.75µm²) were lower (P<0.05) than from Group C (225.13±4.37µm²) and CS (210.23±3.15µm²). The streptozotocin-induced DM did not change the jejunum-ileum area, the jejunum myenteric plexus space organization and the density of NADPH-dp neurons. The 50g AA-supplementation, three times a week, during 90 days, did not decrease hyperglycemia; however, it had a neuroprotective effect on the myenteric neurons, minimizing the increase on the CBPA of NADPH-dp neurons and increasing the amount of NADPD-dp neurons.

Effects of ascorbic acid supplementation in ileum myenteric neurons of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

The exacerbation of the oxidative stress and of the polyol pathway which impair damage myenteric plexus are metabolic characteristics of diabetes. The ascorbic acid (AA) is an antioxidant and an aldose reductase inhibitor, which may act as neuroprotector. The effects of AA supplementation on the density and cellular body profile area (CP) of myenteric neurons in STZ-induced diabetes in rats were assessed. Four groups with five animals each were formed: normoglycemic (C); diabetic (D); AA-treated diabetic (DS) and AA-treated normoglycemic (CS). Dosagen of 50mg of AA were given, three times a week, for each animal (group DS and CS). Ninety days later and after euthanasia, the ileum was collected and processed for the NADPH-diaphorase technique. There were no differences (P>0.05) in the neuronal density among the groups. The CP area was lower (P<0.05) in the DS and CS groups, with a higher incidence of neurons with a CP area exceeding 200µm² for groups C and D. The AA had no influence on the neuronal density in the ileum but had a neuroprotective effect, preventing the increase in the CP area and allowing a higher number of neurons with a CP area with less than 200µm².

Phenotype and genotype correlation of the microconversion from the CYP21A1P to the CYP21A2 gene in congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Deficiency of 21-hydroxylase is the most common form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH-21OH). We determined by allele-specific PCR the frequency of microconversion in the CYP21A2 gene in 50 Brazilian patients with the classical (salt wasting: SW and simple virilizing: SV) forms and nonclassical (NC) form of CAH-21OH and correlated genotype with phenotype. Genotypes were classified into three mutation groups (A, B, and C) based on the amount of enzymatic activity in in vitro studies using adrenal cells. In 94 unrelated alleles, we diagnosed 76% of the affected alleles after screening for 7 microconversions. The most frequent point mutations observed in this series were I172N (19%), V281L (18%), and IVS2,A/C>G,-12 (15%). In the SW form, the most frequent mutation was IVS2,A/C>G,-12 (38%), in the SV form it was I172N (53%), and in the NC form it was V281L (57.7%). We observed a good correlation between genotype and phenotype. Discordance between genotype and phenotype was found in one SV patient with a mild mutation in one of the alleles (R356W/V281L). However, we cannot rule out the presence of an additional mutation in these alleles. We also observed a good correlation of genotype with 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, testosterone, and androstenedione levels. The severity of external genitalia virilization correlated with the severity of mutation. In conclusion, the frequencies described in the present study did not differ from worldwide studies, including the Brazilian population. The few differences observed may reflect individual sample variations. This new Brazilian cohort study suggests the presence of new mutations in Brazilian patients with different forms of CAH-21OH.

EFEITOS DOS MÉTODOS DE ABATE DE BOVINOS NA EFICIÊNCIA DA SANGRIA

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos dos métodos de abate de bovinos com insensibilização prévia através de marreta e pistola pneumática de penetração e sem insensibilização, realizada pelo método kasher, na eficiência da sangria. A eficiência da sangria foi avaliada pela determinação da hemoglobina no sangue e na carne. Foram utilizados 240 bovinos sãos, da raça Nelore, abatidos em matadouro-frigorífico sob Serviço de Inspeção Federal, sendo 60 animais abatidos pelo método judaico (kasher), 60 animais insensibilizados através de marreta, 60 animais insensibilizados através de pistola pneumática de penetração e 60 animais insensibilizados através de pistola pneumática de penetração seguida por estimulação elétrica. Foram colhidas amostras de sangue após a sangria dos animais e de carne, na porção torácica do músculo Longus colli, imediatamente após a chegada da carcaça à câmara frigorífica. Os animais abatidos pelo método kasher apresentaram menor teor de hemoglobina residual na carne e melhor eficiência da sangria. A utilização da estimulação elétrica imediatamente após a sangria dos animais atordoados por pistola pneumática, afetou negativamente a eficiência da sangria.

Análise microbiológica e caracterização eletroforética do queijo mussarela elaborado a partir de leite de búfala

O presente trabalho visou avaliar a qualidade microbiológica de queijos mussarela elaborados a partir de leite de búfala, adquiridos do comércio varejista, assim como, verificar a sua autenticidade, averiguando a possível presença de leite de vaca no produto. As análises microbiológicas compreenderam contagem de coliformes totais e E. coli, contagem de Staphylococcus coagulase-positiva e pesquisa de Salmonella spp.; enquanto que, para a determinação da pureza das mussarelas, a técnica utilizada foi a eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida. Com base nos resultados obtidos na avaliação microbiológica, pode-se afirmar que 98% das amostras estão dentro dos padrões microbiológicos legais vigentes, embora algumas delas tenham apresentado valores elevados para coliformes totais, os quais indicam inadequadas condições de higiene durante a fabricação dos queijos. Entretanto, 2% das amostras encontram-se em desacordo com a legislação, uma vez que apresentaram populações de coliformes fecais acima do permitido, como resultado de uma alta contaminação por E. coli. Mediante a caracterização eletroforética, detectou-se a presença de leite de vaca em 22% das amostras, adicionado, provavelmente, de forma intencional.

Iron availability in the presence of β-carotene in different mixtures

Iron availability in the diet is very important because iron deficiency affects a large population in the world. The matrix where iron is present has an influence in its availability. The presence of β-carotene is a factor that alters the availability of iron. This research aims to estimate the iron availability in the presence of β-carotene in food mixtures: M1 = egg and pumpkin; M2 = spinach and pumpkin; M3 = spinach and cabbage; M4 = egg and cabbage; M5 = spinach and carrot; M6 = egg and carrot; M7 = bean and carrot; M8 = bean and pumpkin and M9 = bean and cabbage. After cooking, the following figures were determined: proximate composition, oxalic acid, phytic acid, tannin, iron, iron availability in vitro and β-carotene. The data were analyzed by Tukey test (5%). There were no significant statistical differences for oxalic acid. Tannin presented greater results in mixtures with spinach (M2 and M5); phytic acid was greater in bean samples (M7, M8 and M9) and with spinach (M2). Mixtures M5 e M7, with carrot, presented more β-carotene than the others. The best result for iron availability appeared in mixture (M6). A positive correlation was verified between protein and iron dialysis, and between lipids and iron dialysis. Dietetic fiber was an inhibitor to iron availability. Mixtures with egg showed greater iron availability

Salted lamb meat blanket of Petrolina-Pernambuco, Brazil: process and quality

Salted lamb meat blanket, originated from boning, salting, and drying of whole lamb carcass, was studied aiming at obtaining information that support the search for guarantees of origin for this typical regional product from the city of Petrolina-Pernambuco-Brazil. Data from three processing units were obtained, where it was observed the use of a traditional local technology that uses salting, an ancient preservation method; however, with a peculiar boning technique, resulting in a meat product with great potential for exploitation in the form of meat blanket. Based on the values of pH (6.22 ± 0.22), water activity (0.97 ± 0.02), and moisture (69.86 ± 2.26) lamb meat blanket is considered a perishable product, and consequently it requires the use of other preservation methods combined with salt, which along with the results of the microbiological analyses (absence of Salmonella sp, score <10 MPN/g of halophilic bacteria, total coliforms between 6.7 × 10³ and 5.2 × 10(6) FUC/g, and Staphylococcus from 8.1 × 10³ CFU/g at uncountable) reinforce the need of hygienic practices to ensure product safety. These results, together with the product notoriety and the organization of the sector are important factors in achieving Geographical Indication of the Salted lamb Meat blanket of Petrolina.

Heavy metals investigation in bovine tissues in Brazil

The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of arsenic, lead, and cadmium residues in samples of liver, kidney, and muscle of cattle during the years of 2002 to 2008. A total of 1017 samples from 20 Brazilian States were used. The samples were analyzed at the National Agricultural Laboratory using the atomic absorption spectrometry technique. Arsenic residues were detected in 15.7% of liver samples and 28.7% of kidney samples although no results have exceeded the MRL. With regard to lead, 16 samples of liver and 74 samples of kidney were contaminated (5.2 and 10.9%, respectively). Among these samples, only one liver and two of kidney samples had lead levels above the MRL. Cadmium was found with levels below the MRL in 12.5% of the liver samples, and only 3 samples (1%) were quantified above the MRL. Among the kidney samples, 420 (60.8% of the total tested) had cadmium residues, and five of them exceeded the limits established by legislation. It is concluded that the Brazilian meat meets the legislation requirements without putting consumer's healthy at risk since as it satisfies the national and international food-safety conditions.

Características físicas e estrutura de sementes e morfologia de plântulas de Flemingia macrophylla (Willd.) Alston

A Flemingia macrophylla (Willd.) Alston tem sido introduzida em diferentes sistemas de produção em razão de sua versatilidade de cultivo. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a estrutura e características físicas da semente e a morfologia de plântulas de Flemingia macrophylla (Willd.) Alston. Amostras de três lotes de sementes colhidos em 2007, 2008 e 2009 foram avaliadas em relação ao tamanho, grau de umidade, massa de mil sementes, massa do hectolitro e número de sementes por grama. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com três lotes e oito repetições. Em outro ensaio, as sementes foram seccionadas para a observação e descrição da anatomia do tegumento, tecido de reserva e do embrião. As estruturas de plântulas foram avaliadas e registradas durante o seu desenvolvimento. As sementes de flemingia são globulares e esféricas, o tegumento apresenta coloração preta e marron. O grau de umidade das sementes variou entre 9,5 e 12,1%, a massa de mil sementes variou de 18,11 a 19,28 g, o peso hectolitro de 72,23 a 74,39 kg e o número de sementes por grama de 52 a 55. A estrutura do tegumento é formada por camada de células paliçádicas, característica da família Fabaceae. A germinação é do tipo hipógea.

Vie de Jésus-Christ, par Ludolfe.

Armoiries peintes (armes de France et autres)